Kirjahaku

Much has been written on how masculinity shapes international relations, but little feminist scholarship has focused on how international relations shape masculinity. Charlotte Hooper draws from feminist theory to provide an account of the relationship between masculinity and power. She explores how the theory and practice of international relations produces and sustains masculine identities and masculine rivalries.This volume asserts that international politics shapes multiple masculinities rather than one static masculinity, positing an interplay between a "hegemonic masculinity" (associated with elite, western male power) and other subordinated, feminized masculinities (typically associated with poor men, nonwestern men, men of color, and/or gay men). Employing feminist analyses to confront gender-biased stereotyping in various fields of international political theory -- including academic scholarship, journals, and popular literature like "The Economist" -- Hooper reconstructs the nexus of international relations and gender politics during this age of globalization.

Building on the pioneering work of anthropologist Mary Douglas and political scientist Aaron Wildavsky, this book develops and applies "grid-group" theory to show how political culture can be used to explain decisions about social policy and how, as an interpretive approach, this theory complements the now more dominant "rational choice" and "institutionalist" models. In Part One, Lockhart elaborates on the basic ideas involved in grid-group theory, using examples to help illuminate how the theory can address areas of explanation left out of rational-choice and institutionalist models, such as preference formation and institutional design. According to grid-group theory, different societies have varying proportions of their members who adhere to one or another of three ubiquitous, socially interactive cultures: hierarchy, individualism, and egalitarianism. The adherents of these disparate cultures adopt culturally constrained rationalities (based on rival sets of values) and strive to construct distinctive institutional designs.In Part Two, this theory is used to help make better sense of social policy decision making. A society whose political elite is predominantly hierarchical, for instance, will develop social programs sharply distinct from those of societies whose leaders are adherents of individualism or egalitarianism. The empirical focus of this part of the book is on the decisions about policy affecting the elderly in the United States, the former Soviet Union, Germany, and Japan during the economically difficult 1980s. Important aspects of these decisions, Lockhart shows, reflect the relative influence of rival cultural purposes among relevant societal elites.

This book examines the challenges of aligning American social programs with the nation's deeply ingrained values of individualism, self-reliance, and responsibility, particularly when addressing poverty and other social hazards. Public social provision in the United States faces a paradox: while the necessity of programs like social security is broadly accepted, there is widespread skepticism toward initiatives that appear to relieve individuals of personal accountability. Influential critics, such as Charles Murray in Losing Ground, argue that many programs since the 1960s have undermined personal responsibility and discipline, fostering dependency rather than self-improvement. This criticism reflects broader cultural tensions, as Americans simultaneously recognize the need for collective action to mitigate risks like aging or illness while clinging to ideals of independence and merit-based rewards. The thesis presented here is that social programs in the United States can gain broader acceptance and effectiveness by being tailored to resonate with these core values. Using the successful example of social security, which links benefits to individual contributions, the book proposes an "investments model" that ties public assistance to recipients' constructive efforts. This approach, emphasizing earned benefits rather than handouts, offers a framework for redesigning social programs to better address poverty while respecting cultural ideals. By examining key programs such as Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), Medicare, and social security, the analysis highlights opportunities for reform that balance the fulfillment of socioeconomic rights with the political and cultural realities of American society. While this approach cannot eliminate systemic inequities or transform dreary jobs into fulfilling work, it provides a pathway for reducing suffering and fostering greater alignment between public policy and American values. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1989.

This book examines the challenges of aligning American social programs with the nation's deeply ingrained values of individualism, self-reliance, and responsibility, particularly when addressing poverty and other social hazards. Public social provision in the United States faces a paradox: while the necessity of programs like social security is broadly accepted, there is widespread skepticism toward initiatives that appear to relieve individuals of personal accountability. Influential critics, such as Charles Murray in Losing Ground, argue that many programs since the 1960s have undermined personal responsibility and discipline, fostering dependency rather than self-improvement. This criticism reflects broader cultural tensions, as Americans simultaneously recognize the need for collective action to mitigate risks like aging or illness while clinging to ideals of independence and merit-based rewards. The thesis presented here is that social programs in the United States can gain broader acceptance and effectiveness by being tailored to resonate with these core values. Using the successful example of social security, which links benefits to individual contributions, the book proposes an "investments model" that ties public assistance to recipients' constructive efforts. This approach, emphasizing earned benefits rather than handouts, offers a framework for redesigning social programs to better address poverty while respecting cultural ideals. By examining key programs such as Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), Medicare, and social security, the analysis highlights opportunities for reform that balance the fulfillment of socioeconomic rights with the political and cultural realities of American society. While this approach cannot eliminate systemic inequities or transform dreary jobs into fulfilling work, it provides a pathway for reducing suffering and fostering greater alignment between public policy and American values. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1989.

Title: The Pilgrim's Tale, a poem.Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world's largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 million books, along with substantial additional collections of manuscripts and historical items dating back as far as 300 BC.The POETRY & DRAMA collection includes books from the British Library digitised by Microsoft. The books reflect the complex and changing role of literature in society, ranging from Bardic poetry to Victorian verse. Containing many classic works from important dramatists and poets, this collection has something for every lover of the stage and verse. ++++The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++ British Library Lockhart, Charles; 1823. 8 . 993.h.32.