This short introduction conveys the complexities associated with the term 'territory' in a clear and accessible manner. It surveys the field and brings theory to ground in the case of Palestine. It provides an interdisciplinary survey of the many strands of research in the field. It addresses specific areas including interpretations of territorial structures; the relationship between territoriality and scale; the validity and fluidity of territory; and the practical, social processes associated with territorial re-configurations. It stresses that our understanding of territory is inseparable from our understanding of power. It uses Israel/Palestine as an extended illustrative case study. The author's strong legal and geographical background gives the work an authoritative perspective.