Kirjahaku

This book provides an overview of the phonology of Italian. It covers the different levels of analysis from individual sounds up to the phrasal level. It focuses on the most widely dispersed features of the language reflecting its significant regional and social variation and its most prominent regionally restricted patterns. Martin Krämer provides a critical survey of the generative literature on Italian phonology. He reports on current debates in the field, considers their particular and general theoretical interest, and provides both syntheses and original analyses. His accounts of the main aspects and characteristics of Italian phonology are couched in the framework of Optimality Theory, but he keeps formal aspects and theory-internal matters to a minimum and separate from the presentation and description of the data. His exposition is thus fully accessible to students and researchers who are not familiar with or do not subscribe to the tenets of the theory. Individual chapters may thus serve as starting points for in-depth investigations into particular aspects of Italian phonology in whatever framework the reader chooses to employ. The Phonology of Italian is the first fully comprehensive account of its subject for many years. It will interest scholars and advanced students of Italian, Romance phonology, and phonology as a system.

A dialogue on the role of biography and the interpretation of self-narrative in the Middle East. The dearth of intimate source materials, the discrepancy between public and private personae of Muslim intellectuals and the sense of propriety challenge this genre.

Over the past decade, the political ground beneath the Middle East has shifted. Arab nationalism the political orthodoxy for most of this century has lost its grip on the imagination and allegiance of a new generation. At the same time, Islam as an ideology has spread across the region, and "Islamists" bid to capture the center of politics. Most Western scholars and experts once hailed the redemptive power of Arabism. Arab Awakening and Islamic Revival is a critical assessment of the contradictions of Arab nationalism and Islamic fundamentalism, and the misrepresentation of both in the West.The first part of the book argues that Arab nationalism--the so-called Arab awakening--bore within it the seeds of its own failure. Arabism as an idea drew upon foreign sources and resources. Even as it claimed to liberate the Arabs from imperialism it deepened intellectual dependence upon the West's own romanticism and radicalism. Ultimately, Arab nationalism became a force of oppression rather than liberation, and a mirror image of the imperialism it defied. Kramer's essays together form the only chronological telling and the at fully documented postmortem of Arabism. The second part of the book examines the similar failings of Islamism, whose ideas are Islamic reworkings of Western ideological radicalism. Its effect has been to give new life to old rationales for oppression, authoritarianism, and sectarian division.Arab Awakening and Islamic Revival provides an alternative view of a century of Middle Eastern history. As the region moves fitfully past ideology, Kramer's perspective is more compelling than at any time in the past-in Western academe no less than among many in the Middle. This book will be of interest to sociologists, political scientists, economists, and Middle East specialists.

Over the past decade, the political ground beneath the Middle East has shifted. Arab nationalism the political orthodoxy for most of this century has lost its grip on the imagination and allegiance of a new generation. At the same time, Islam as an ideology has spread across the region, and "Islamists" bid to capture the center of politics. Most Western scholars and experts once hailed the redemptive power of Arabism. Arab Awakening and Islamic Revival is a critical assessment of the contradictions of Arab nationalism and Islamic fundamentalism, and the misrepresentation of both in the West.The first part of the book argues that Arab nationalism--the so-called Arab awakening--bore within it the seeds of its own failure. Arabism as an idea drew upon foreign sources and resources. Even as it claimed to liberate the Arabs from imperialism it deepened intellectual dependence upon the West's own romanticism and radicalism. Ultimately, Arab nationalism became a force of oppression rather than liberation, and a mirror image of the imperialism it defied. Kramer's essays together form the only chronological telling and the at fully documented postmortem of Arabism. The second part of the book examines the similar failings of Islamism, whose ideas are Islamic reworkings of Western ideological radicalism. Its effect has been to give new life to old rationales for oppression, authoritarianism, and sectarian division.Arab Awakening and Islamic Revival provides an alternative view of a century of Middle Eastern history. As the region moves fitfully past ideology, Kramer's perspective is more compelling than at any time in the past-in Western academe no less than among many in the Middle. This book will be of interest to sociologists, political scientists, economists, and Middle East specialists.

In 'The War on Error', historian and political analyst Martin Kramer presents a series of case studies, some based on pathfinding research and others on provocative analysis, that correct misinformation clouding the public's understanding of the Middle East. He also offers a forensic exploration of how misinformation arises and becomes "fact." The book is divided into five themes: Orientalism and Middle Eastern studies, a prime casualty of the culture wars; Islamism, massively misrepresented by apologists; Arab politics, a generator of disappointing surprises; Israeli history, manipulated by reckless revisionists; and American Jews and Israel, the subject of irrational fantasies. Kramer shows how error permeates the debate over each of these themes, creating distorted images that cause policy failures. Kramer approaches questions in the spirit of a relentless fact-checker. Did Israeli troops massacre Palestinian Arabs in Lydda in July 1948? Was the bestseller 'Exodus' hatched by an advertising executive? Did Martin Luther King, Jr., describe anti-Zionism as antisemitism? Did a major post-9/11 documentary film deliberately distort the history of Islam? Did Israel push the United States into the Iraq War? Kramer also questions paradigms—the "Arab Spring," the map of the Middle East, and linkage. Along the way, he amasses new evidence, exposes carelessness, and provides definitive answers.

In 'The War on Error', historian and political analyst Martin Kramer presents a series of case studies, some based on pathfinding research and others on provocative analysis, that correct misinformation clouding the public's understanding of the Middle East. He also offers a forensic exploration of how misinformation arises and becomes "fact." The book is divided into five themes: Orientalism and Middle Eastern studies, a prime casualty of the culture wars; Islamism, massively misrepresented by apologists; Arab politics, a generator of disappointing surprises; Israeli history, manipulated by reckless revisionists; and American Jews and Israel, the subject of irrational fantasies. Kramer shows how error permeates the debate over each of these themes, creating distorted images that cause policy failures. Kramer approaches questions in the spirit of a relentless fact-checker. Did Israeli troops massacre Palestinian Arabs in Lydda in July 1948? Was the bestseller 'Exodus' hatched by an advertising executive? Did Martin Luther King, Jr., describe anti-Zionism as antisemitism? Did a major post-9/11 documentary film deliberately distort the history of Islam? Did Israel push the United States into the Iraq War? Kramer also questions paradigms—the "Arab Spring," the map of the Middle East, and linkage. Along the way, he amasses new evidence, exposes carelessness, and provides definitive answers.

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Sozialp dagogik / Sozialarbeit, Note: 1,0, Christian-Albrechts-Universit t Kiel (P dagogisches Institut), Veranstaltung: Theorien der sozialen Arbeit, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: In dieser Arbeit werde ich zuerst das f r Judith Butlers Werk grundlegende Konzept der Dekonstruktion erl utern und den f r ihren Aufsatz "Zwischen den Geschlechtern. Eine Kritik der Gendernormen" elementaren Begriff des 'gender' darlegen und seine Entstehung kurz umrei en, bevor ich mich ihrem Aufsatz selbst zuwende. In diesem geht es zum einen um die Macht der Norm, die sich nach Butler in der Repetition der Anwendung selbst erzeugt und so Realit t erschafft. Zum anderen wirft sie die Frage nach den Grenzen solcher im Vorhinein determinierten Normen auf, speziell inwiefern man jemand gerecht werden kann, der in die etablieren Dimensionen von Geschlecht nicht hineinpasst. Wie werden Normen, nach Butler die impliziten Standards des Normalen, eingesetzt, wie k nnen sie untergraben werden und "was k nnte] es bedeuten ...], restriktiv normative Konzeptionen des von Sexualit t und Gender bestimmten Lebens aufzul sen." Daran schlie t sie berlegungen ber marginalisierte Lebensbedingungen bestimmter Teile der (globalen) Gesellschaft auch in Bezug auf die politische Praxis internationaler Rechtsgrunds tze auf der Basis einer gemeinsamen Minimal-Moral an und kritisiert vor allem die k nstliche Norm des 'Menschlichen' als Grundlage multinationaler und -kultureller Rechtschaffung. In ihrer Conclusio stellt Butler diese Themen in den Zusammenhang mit der "Frage nach der sozialen Ver nderung" und Renovation der Geschlechterbeziehungen, wobei sie davon ausgeht, "dass Theorie selbst ver ndernd wirkt," gleichzeitig aber evidiert, dass sich die Theorie und ihr Vertreter gesellschaftlich und politisch einmischen m ssen, um Ver nderungen zu erwirken. Dieser Argumentation folgend liefere ich im Fazit einige Beispiele aus dem konkreten sozialp dagogischen Arb

Essay aus dem Jahr 2010 im Fachbereich Germanistik - ltere Deutsche Literatur, Medi vistik, Christian-Albrechts-Universit t Kiel (Institut f r ltere deutsche Sprachwissenschaft), Veranstaltung: Frauenlob, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Die erotischen Konnotationen in Frauenlobs Marienleich Essays zu Frauenlob 1.Motive f r die erotischen Konnotationen in Frauenlobs Marienleich Viele Metaphern und Bilder in Frauenlobs Marienleich sind so augenf llig sexuell konnotiert, dass man von einer Konnotation im eigentlichen Sinne gar nicht mehr sprechen kann. Es stellt sich nur die Frage nach der Intention, geht man einmal nicht von Ludwig Pfannm ller aus, der Frauenlob reinen Selbstzweck unterstellt. Die Frage stellt sich insbesondere, da die Kirche im Mittelalter einer solchen erotischen Schilderung kritisch gegen berstand, der - zugegebenerma en sehr strenge - Zisterzienserorden verbrannte in Frankreich um 1200 sogar bersetzungen des kanonischen Hohelieds, das ja immerhin die Hauptquelle Frauenlobs f r seinen Marienleich war.