Kirjahaku

This book addresses the question of how to tackle AI-enabled price discrimination (AIPD), which is commonly used in digital markets and can negatively impact competition and consumers. It explores the economic rationale behind AIPD, compares its assessment under EU and Chinese competition law and beyond, evaluates current legal regimes on AIPD from a comparative law and economics perspective, and provides policy recommendations to those jurisdictions for approaching AIPD as an infringement of competition law and beyond. Since the protection of free competition and consumer welfare are objectives of competition law in both the EU and China, two major jurisdictions, there seems to be a legal basis for competition law intervention. This book offers competition authorities guidance on how to tackle anticompetitive AIPD. Given that AIPD takes place in competitive and monopolistic markets, competition law alone is inadequate to fully address the potential concerns. This book, therefore, also examines other possibilities. Legislation on data protection, consumer protection and business regulation can contribute to tackling AIPD in different phases: (1) collection and processing of consumer data, (2) prediction of the consumer’s willingness to pay, and (3) application of discriminatory pricing in digital markets. As such, this work also offers insights to help the relevant authorities (i.e., those responsible for data protection, consumer protection and business regulation) tackle welfare-reducing AIPD in digital markets. This book will be of interest to academics, practitioners, policymakers, enforcers and consumers. It offers theoretical guidance for the relevant authorities (such as competition agencies, courts and regulators), practitioners and consumers, helping them understand the economic rationale behind AIPD, and provides suggestions to tackle anticompetitive and welfare-reducing AIPD in digital markets from a comparative law and economics perspective.

Denna bok skildrar historien om den antika kinesiska vetenskapsmannen Zhang Heng. Det insiktsfulla kontot utforskar hans bidrag och avslöjar berättelsen om en visionär hjärna och dess påverkan på antik kinesisk vetenskap och innovation.

This book summarizes the thermodynamics and kinetics of Mg-based storage materials and introduces recent progress, including alloying, adding catalysts/composites and nanosizing on Mg-based hydrogen storage materials. The content describes the fundamental theories of hydrogen storage materials and reviews the key achievements in applications. The targeted audience of this book includes scientific/engineering researchers, technicians, lectures, entrepreneurs, and investors at all levels related to hydrogen energy, materials, chemicals, etc. This book can also be used as a textbook for senior undergraduate and postgraduate students in hydrogen energy, materials, and chemical engineering.

This book comprehensively and systematically introduces the microstructure characteristics of plant fibers and the manufacturing process, interface characteristics, mechanical behaviors and physical properties of plant fiber reinforced composites, as well as their engineering demonstration applications. Plant fibers derived from natural resources have been thrust into the global spotlight as environment-friendly materials with attractive advantages of renewability, biodegradability, high specific strength and modulus and good sound absorption and heat insulation performance, and have become promising alternative to traditional synthetic fibers in making fiber-reinforced composites with structure-function integration. This book combines the basic theory with engineering applications for highlighting the unique research method for plant fiber reinforced composites with hierarchical structure. It is intended for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in natural fiber composites, and scientific researchers and engineers looking to develop the design and manufacture of green composites in the fields of aerospace, railway transportation vehicles, automotive engineering and civil infrastructures.

This book comprehensively and systematically introduces the microstructure characteristics of plant fibers and the manufacturing process, interface characteristics, mechanical behaviors and physical properties of plant fiber reinforced composites, as well as their engineering demonstration applications. Plant fibers derived from natural resources have been thrust into the global spotlight as environment-friendly materials with attractive advantages of renewability, biodegradability, high specific strength and modulus and good sound absorption and heat insulation performance, and have become promising alternative to traditional synthetic fibers in making fiber-reinforced composites with structure-function integration. This book combines the basic theory with engineering applications for highlighting the unique research method for plant fiber reinforced composites with hierarchical structure. It is intended for undergraduate and graduate students who are interested in natural fiber composites, and scientific researchers and engineers looking to develop the design and manufacture of green composites in the fields of aerospace, railway transportation vehicles, automotive engineering and civil infrastructures.

This book summarizes the progress made to functional immobilize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) through site-specific or orientated recognition in both non-covalent and covalent manners. The last decade is the dawn of the “post-structural biology” era for G protein-coupled receptor research. As an emerging approach for state-of-the-art immobilization, this book discusses efforts to explore the elegance of naturally-occurring biochemical reactions by using their high specificity and robust reactivity in the complex system, such as site-specific conjugation by covalent recognition between enzymes and their substrates. With the perspective of protein-drug interactions, this book also reviews the applications of protein immobilization, with an emphasis on G protein-coupled receptors, in drug discovery and protein-ligand interaction analysis. In addition, the merits, opportunities and disadvantages are analyzed for different immobilization methods, and a perspective for future directions is presented. Given its scope, this book appeals to a broad readership, particularly researchers engaged in the field of analytical chemistry, bioconjugate chemistry, and chemical biology, and other related field, as well as teachers of relevant majors in colleges and universities.

This book takes an in-depth look at the development of the private education sector in modern China. Readers will find valuable data and materials never before presented in such an accessible and transparent way, together with analyses of the major changes and challenges in the course of this development. The book is organized both chronologically and by topic: it employs a past-present-future order that unites the general arrangement; at the same time, each specific subject is approached historically, not only to show the origins of the problem, but also to link it with the historical-comparative context, in which the evaluation of alternative policy choices become highly viable.Further, the book provides a pioneering account of current problems, adopting a fresh perspective to address the most important aspects of Chinese private education reform. The elaboration on topics concerning private school assets, property rights, legal personality, school operators’ entrepreneurship, benefits and investment returns, school autonomy, and the development of teachers and students, is both empirically rich and highly insightful.The book’s content is chiefly derived from years of fieldwork in private schools and from extensive interviews with hundreds of policy makers, school operators, managers, teachers and students. Since these people are self-conscious about themselves as the actors in and witnesses to the development of Chinese private education over the past three decades, the book places great emphasis on neutrality, allowing the private education landscape to unfold in the context of the privatization of the socialist system after 1978. The book offers an essential guide for anyone who wishes to understand the transformation of Chinese education. It is highly recommendable as a detailed introduction to Chinese education, or as a resource for comparative research on private education from an international perspective.

This book takes an in-depth look at the development of the private education sector in modern China. Readers will find valuable data and materials never before presented in such an accessible and transparent way, together with analyses of the major changes and challenges in the course of this development. The book is organized both chronologically and by topic: it employs a past-present-future order that unites the general arrangement; at the same time, each specific subject is approached historically, not only to show the origins of the problem, but also to link it with the historical-comparative context, in which the evaluation of alternative policy choices become highly viable.Further, the book provides a pioneering account of current problems, adopting a fresh perspective to address the most important aspects of Chinese private education reform. The elaboration on topics concerning private school assets, property rights, legal personality, school operators’ entrepreneurship, benefits and investment returns, school autonomy, and the development of teachers and students, is both empirically rich and highly insightful.The book’s content is chiefly derived from years of fieldwork in private schools and from extensive interviews with hundreds of policy makers, school operators, managers, teachers and students. Since these people are self-conscious about themselves as the actors in and witnesses to the development of Chinese private education over the past three decades, the book places great emphasis on neutrality, allowing the private education landscape to unfold in the context of the privatization of the socialist system after 1978. The book offers an essential guide for anyone who wishes to understand the transformation of Chinese education. It is highly recommendable as a detailed introduction to Chinese education, or as a resource for comparative research on private education from an international perspective.