Malaria has been a well-researched domain over the last 2 decades. While clinical research pertaining to curing of Malaria has been majorly conclusive, detection of malaria parasite in digitized thin blood smear image still stands open for investigation. Manual investigation of malaria parasite in thin blood smear image stands tedious and is liable to be affected by human bias. Herein lies the need for an automated CAD system. The proposed system is aimed to serve as a trustworthy aid to pathologists in malaria parasite detection and subsequent stage/specie interpretation. The system has two broad phases, namely, the initial screening phase and main phase.
Early and accurate diagnosis of brain lesion are vital for determining accurate treatment and prognosis. However, the diagnosis is a very challenging task and can only be performed by specialists in neuroradiology. There are at least two specialists required to examine and confirm of each medical report on imaging investigations. Any difficulty may necessitate invasive tests such as biopsy and surgery. Currently, the standard lesion pathological classification is based on histological examination of tissue samples through biopsy. Therefore, radiologists are continuously seeking for greater diagnosis accuracy by modern medical imaging system. According to quantitative analysis of computer aided diagnosis (CAD), it may aid radiologists in the interpretation of the medical images. Recent studies showed that CAD can help to improve diagnostic accuracy of radiologists, lighten their increasing workload, reduce misinterpretation due to fatigue or overlooked and improve inter- and intra-reader variability. Manual task is mostly performed by drawing image regions slice-by-slice, limiting the human view and generating suboptimal outlines with limited consistency across slices.
In this book, several methods for mammogram segmentation, based on pixel intensity, have been presented. In each section, a comprehensive and critical review of existing methods was first undertaken to establish the progress of knowledge in that area and the contemporary state of the art research happening internationally. After the analysis of existing works, methods were proposed. In this book, major emphasize is given to performance evaluation of proposed methods. At the same time different size, shape and types i.e. fatty, fatty-glandular and dense-glandular mammograms were evaluated individually because of their different contrast level and intensity properties. The obtained results have been compared with results of different national and international research in the related field.
