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64 kirjaa tekijältä Serge Lang

Undergraduate Algebra

Undergraduate Algebra

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2005
sidottu
This book, together with Linear Algebra, constitutes a curriculum for an algebra program addressed to undergraduates. The separation of the hnear algebra from the other basic algebraic structures fits all existing tendencies affecting undergraduate teaching, and I agree with these tendencies. I have made the present book self contained logically, but it is probably better if students take the linear algebra course before being introduced to the more abstract notions of groups, rings, and fields, and the systematic development of their basic abstract properties. There is of course a little overlap with the book Lin­ ear Algebra, since I wanted to make the present book self contained. I define vector spaces, matrices, and linear maps and prove their basic properties. The present book could be used for a one-term course, or a year's course, possibly combining it with Linear Algebra. I think it is important to do the field theory and the Galois theory, more important, say, than to do much more group theory than we have done here. There is a chapter on finite fields, which exhibit both features from general field theory, and special features due to characteristic p. Such fields have become important in coding theory.
Introduction to Algebraic and Abelian Functions

Introduction to Algebraic and Abelian Functions

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1982
sidottu
Introduction to Algebraic and Abelian Functions is a self-contained presentation of a fundamental subject in algebraic geometry and number theory. For this revised edition, the material on theta functions has been expanded, and the example of the Fermat curves is carried throughout the text. This volume is geared toward a second-year graduate course, but it leads naturally to the study of more advanced books listed in the bibliography.
Real and Functional Analysis

Real and Functional Analysis

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1993
sidottu
This book is meant as a text for a first year graduate course in analysis. Any standard course in undergraduate analysis will constitute sufficient preparation for its understanding, for instance, my Undergraduate Anal­ ysis. I assume that the reader is acquainted with notions of uniform con­ vergence and the like. In this third edition, I have reorganized the book by covering inte­ gration before functional analysis. Such a rearrangement fits the way courses are taught in all the places I know of. I have added a number of examples and exercises, as well as some material about integration on the real line (e.g. on Dirac sequence approximation and on Fourier analysis), and some material on functional analysis (e.g. the theory of the Gelfand transform in Chapter XVI). These upgrade previous exercises to sections in the text. In a sense, the subject matter covers the same topics as elementary calculus, viz. linear algebra, differentiation and integration. This time, however, these subjects are treated in a manner suitable for the training of professionals, i.e. people who will use the tools in further investiga­ tions, be it in mathematics, or physics, or what have you. In the first part, we begin with point set topology, essential for all analysis, and we cover the most important results.
Algebraic Number Theory

Algebraic Number Theory

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1994
sidottu
The present book gives an exposition of the classical basic algebraic and analytic number theory and supersedes my Algebraic Numbers, including much more material, e. g. the class field theory on which 1 make further comments at the appropriate place later. For different points of view, the reader is encouraged to read the collec­ tion of papers from the Brighton Symposium (edited by Cassels-Frohlich), the Artin-Tate notes on class field theory, Weil's book on Basic Number Theory, Borevich-Shafarevich's Number Theory, and also older books like those of W eber, Hasse, Hecke, and Hilbert's Zahlbericht. It seems that over the years, everything that has been done has proved useful, theo­ retically or as examples, for the further development of the theory. Old, and seemingly isolated special cases have continuously acquired renewed significance, often after half a century or more. The point of view taken here is principally global, and we deal with local fields only incidentally. For a more complete treatment of these, cf. Serre's book Corps Locaux. There is much to be said for a direct global approach to number fields. Stylistically, 1 have intermingled the ideal and idelic approaches without prejudice for either. 1 also include two proofs of the functional equation for the zeta function, to acquaint the reader with different techniques (in some sense equivalent, but in another sense, suggestive of very different moods).
Differential and Riemannian Manifolds

Differential and Riemannian Manifolds

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1995
sidottu
This is the third version of a book on differential manifolds. The first version appeared in 1962, and was written at the very beginning of a period of great expansion of the subject. At the time, I found no satisfactory book for the foundations of the subject, for multiple reasons. I expanded the book in 1971, and I expand it still further today. Specifically, I have added three chapters on Riemannian and pseudo Riemannian geometry, that is, covariant derivatives, curvature, and some applications up to the Hopf-Rinow and Hadamard-Cartan theorems, as well as some calculus of variations and applications to volume forms. I have rewritten the sections on sprays, and I have given more examples of the use of Stokes' theorem. I have also given many more references to the literature, all of this to broaden the perspective of the book, which I hope can be used among things for a general course leading into many directions. The present book still meets the old needs, but fulfills new ones. At the most basic level, the book gives an introduction to the basic concepts which are used in differential topology, differential geometry, and differential equations. In differential topology, one studies for instance homotopy classes of maps and the possibility of finding suitable differentiable maps in them (immersions, embeddings, isomorphisms, etc.).
Introduction to Diophantine Approximations

Introduction to Diophantine Approximations

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1995
sidottu
The aim of this book is to illustrate by significant special examples three aspects of the theory of Diophantine approximations: the formal relationships that exist between counting processes and the functions entering the theory; the determination of these functions for numbers given as classical numbers; and certain asymptotic estimates holding almost everywhere.Each chapter works out a special case of a much broader general theory, as yet unknown. Indications for this are given throughout the book, together with reference to current publications. The book may be used in a course in number theory, whose students will thus be put in contact with interesting but accessible problems on the ground floor of mathematics.
Undergraduate Analysis

Undergraduate Analysis

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1996
sidottu
This is a logically self-contained introduction to analysis, suitable for students who have had two years of calculus. The book centers around those properties that have to do with uniform convergence and uniform limits in the context of differentiation and integration. Topics discussed include the classical test for convergence of series, Fourier series, polynomial approximation, the Poisson kernel, the construction of harmonic functions on the disc, ordinary differential equation, curve integrals, derivatives in vector spaces, multiple integrals, and others. In this second edition, the author has added a new chapter on locally integrable vector fields, has rewritten many sections and expanded others. There are new sections on heat kernels in the context of Dirac families and on the completion of normed vector spaces. A proof of the fundamental lemma of Lebesgue integration is included, in addition to many interesting exercises.
Challenges

Challenges

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1997
nidottu
I am very thankful to Springer-Verlag for publishing a collection of some of my non-mathematical works-I call them political works. in the broad sense of the word political. Three of these have appeared in print: - My article on the Ladd-Lipset sUIvey. which appeared in the New York Review of Books. 18 May 1978; and also in The File (Springer-Verlag. 1981). - My article on the Baltimore case. which appeared in the Jour­ nal of Ethics and Behavior. February 1993. - My articles on HIV and AIDS. which appeared in the Yale Sci­ entific (Fall 1994 and Winter 1995). reprinted updated in the book AIDS: Virus-or drug induced? Kluwer Academic Pub­ lishers. 1996. pp. 271-307. The first item. "Academia. Journalism. and Politics." is itself a book based on my Huntington file. The "Background and Motiva­ tion" section of this sub-book can be used as a foreword for all my "political" works. and also contains an explanation of how I use the word "political." In that section. readers will find a general discussion of the way I process information and some criteria I use in discourse.
Short Calculus

Short Calculus

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2001
nidottu
Praise for the first edition:"..Lang's present book is a source of interesting ideas and brilliant techniques." Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum"..It is an admirable straightforward introduction to calculus." MathematikaThis is a reprint of A First Course in Calculus, which has gone through five editions since the early sixties. It covers all the topics traditionally taught in the first-year calculus sequence in a brief and elementary fashion. As sociological and educational conditions have evolved in various ways over the past four decades, it has been found worthwhile to make the original edition available again. The audience consists of those taking the first calculus course, in high school or college. The approach is the one which was successful decades ago, involving clarity, and adjusted to a time when the students' background was not as substantial as it might be. We are now back to those times, so its time to start over again.There are no epsilons-delta, but this does not imply that the book is not rigorous. Lang learned this attitude from Emil Artin, around 1950.
Algebra

Algebra

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2002
sidottu
From April 1999 Notices of the AMS, announcing that the author was awarded the Leroy P. Steele Prize for Mathematical Exposition for his many mathematics books: "Lang's Algebra changed the way graduate algebra is taught, retaining classical topics but introducing language and ways of thinking from category theory and homological algebra. It has affected all subsequent graduate-level algebra books."From MathSciNet's review of the first edition:"The author has an impressive knack for presenting the important and interesting ideas of algebra in just the "right" way, and he never gets bogged down in the dry formalism which pervades some parts of algebra."This book is intended as a basic text for a one-year course in Algebra at the graduate level, or as a useful reference for mathematicians and professionals who use higher-level algebra. This book successfully addresses all of the basic concepts of algebra. For the new edition, the author has added exercises and made numerous corrections to the text.
Introduction to Differentiable Manifolds

Introduction to Differentiable Manifolds

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2002
sidottu
This book gives an introduction to the basic concepts which are used in differential topology, differential geometry, and differential equations. A certain number of concepts are essential for all three of these areas, and are so basic and elementary, that it is worthwhile to collect them together so that more advanced expositions can be given without having to start from the very beginning. The concepts are concerned with the general basic theory of differential manifolds. As a result, this book can be viewed as a prerequisite to Fundamentals of Differential Geometry. Since this book is intended as a text to follow advanced calculus, manifolds are assumed finite dimensional. In the new edition of this book, the author has made numerous corrections to the text and he has added a chapter on applications of Stokes' Theorem.
Differential Manifolds

Differential Manifolds

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1988
nidottu
The present volume supersedes my Introduction to Differentiable Manifolds written a few years back. I have expanded the book considerably, including things like the Lie derivative, and especially the basic integration theory of differential forms, with Stokes' theorem and its various special formulations in different contexts. The foreword which I wrote in the earlier book is still quite valid and needs only slight extension here. Between advanced calculus and the three great differential theories (differential topology, differential geometry, ordinary differential equations), there lies a no-man's-land for which there exists no systematic exposition in the literature. It is the purpose of this book to fill the gap. The three differential theories are by no means independent of each other, but proceed according to their own flavor. In differential topology, one studies for instance homotopy classes of maps and the possibility of finding suitable differentiable maps in them (immersions, embeddings, isomorphisms, etc.). One may also use differentiable structures on topological manifolds to determine the topological structure of the manifold (e.g. it la Smale [26]).
Math!

Math!

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1985
nidottu
Dieses Buch enthalt eine Sammlung von Dialogen des bekannten Mathematikers Serge Lang mit Schulern. Serge Lang behandelt die Schuler als seinesgleichen und zeigt ihnen mit dem ihm eigenen lebendigen Stil etwas vom Wesen des mathematischen Denkens. Die Begegnungen zwischen Lang und den Schulern sind nach Bandaufnahmen aufgezeichnet worden und daher authentisch und lebendig. Das Buch stellt einen frischen und neuartigen Ansatz fur Lehren, Lernen und Genuss von Mathematik vor. Das Buch ist von grossem Interesse fur Lehrer und Schule
The Beauty of Doing Mathematics

The Beauty of Doing Mathematics

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1985
nidottu
If someone told you that mathematics is quite beautiful, you might be surprised. But you should know that some people do mathematics all their lives, and create mathematics, just as a composer creates music. Usually, every time a mathematician solves a problem, this gives rise to many oth­ ers, new and just as beautiful as the one which was solved. Of course, often these problems are quite difficult, and as in other disciplines can be understood only by those who have studied the subject with some depth, and know the subject well. In 1981, Jean Brette, who is responsible for the Mathematics Section of the Palais de la Decouverte (Science Museum) in Paris, invited me to give a conference at the Palais. I had never given such a conference before, to a non-mathematical public. Here was a challenge: could I communicate to such a Saturday afternoon audience what it means to do mathematics, and why one does mathematics? By "mathematics" I mean pure mathematics. This doesn't mean that pure math is better than other types of math, but I and a number of others do pure mathematics, and it's about them that I am now concerned. Math has a bad reputation, stemming from the most elementary levels. The word is in fact used in many different contexts. First, I had to explain briefly these possible contexts, and the one with which I wanted to deal.
A First Course in Calculus

A First Course in Calculus

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1986
sidottu
This fifth edition of Lang's caclulus book covers all of the topics traditionally taught in the first-year calculus sequence. Each section contains examples and applications of the topic covered and the back of the book contains detailed solutions to a large number of the exercises which constitutes one of the main changes from previous editions.
Introduction to Linear Algebra

Introduction to Linear Algebra

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1985
sidottu
This is a short text in linear algebra, intended for a one-term course. In the first chapter, Lang discusses the relation between the geometry and the algebra underlying the subject, and gives concrete examples of the notions which appear later in the book. He then starts with a discussion of linear equations, matrices and Gaussian elimination, and proceeds to discuss vector spaces, linear maps, scalar products, determinants, and eigenvalues. The book contains a large number of exercises, some of the routine computational type, while others are conceptual.
Calculus of Several Variables

Calculus of Several Variables

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1987
sidottu
This is a new, revised edition of this widely known text. All of the basic topics in calculus of several variables are covered. The presentation is self-contained, assuming only a knowledge of basic calculus in one variable. Many completely worked-out problems have been included.
Linear Algebra

Linear Algebra

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1987
sidottu
Linear Algebra is intended for a one-term course at the junior or senior level. It begins with an exposition of the basic theory of vector spaces and proceeds to explain the fundamental structure theorems for linear maps, including eigenvectors and eigenvalues, quadric and hermitian forms, diagonalization of symmetric, hermitian, and unitary linear maps and matrices, triangulation, and Jordan canonical form. The book also includes a useful chapter on convex sets and the finite-dimensional Krein-Milman theorem. The presentation is aimed at the student who has already had some exposure to the elementary theory of matrices, determinants, and linear maps. However, the book is logically self-contained. In this new edition, many parts of the book have been rewritten and reorganized, and new exercises have been added.
Introduction to Complex Hyperbolic Spaces

Introduction to Complex Hyperbolic Spaces

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1987
sidottu
Since the appearance of Kobayashi's book, there have been several re­ sults at the basic level of hyperbolic spaces, for instance Brody's theorem, and results of Green, Kiernan, Kobayashi, Noguchi, etc. which make it worthwhile to have a systematic exposition. Although of necessity I re­ produce some theorems from Kobayashi, I take a different direction, with different applications in mind, so the present book does not super­ sede Kobayashi's. My interest in these matters stems from their relations with diophan­ tine geometry. Indeed, if X is a projective variety over the complex numbers, then I conjecture that X is hyperbolic if and only if X has only a finite number of rational points in every finitely generated field over the rational numbers. There are also a number of subsidiary conjectures related to this one. These conjectures are qualitative. Vojta has made quantitative conjectures by relating the Second Main Theorem of Nevan­ linna theory to the theory of heights, and he has conjectured bounds on heights stemming from inequalities having to do with diophantine approximations and implying both classical and modern conjectures. Noguchi has looked at the function field case and made substantial progress, after the line started by Grauert and Grauert-Reckziegel and continued by a recent paper of Riebesehl. The book is divided into three main parts: the basic complex analytic theory, differential geometric aspects, and Nevanlinna theory. Several chapters of this book are logically independent of each other.
Elliptic Functions

Elliptic Functions

Serge Lang

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
1987
sidottu
Elliptic functions parametrize elliptic curves, and the intermingling of the analytic and algebraic-arithmetic theory has been at the center of mathematics since the early part of the nineteenth century. The book is divided into four parts. In the first, Lang presents the general analytic theory starting from scratch. Most of this can be read by a student with a basic knowledge of complex analysis. The next part treats complex multiplication, including a discussion of Deuring's theory of l-adic and p-adic representations, and elliptic curves with singular invariants. Part three covers curves with non-integral invariants, and applies the Tate parametrization to give Serre's results on division points. The last part covers theta functions and the Kronecker Limit Formula. Also included is an appendix by Tate on algebraic formulas in arbitrary charactistic.