Kirjahaku

The designer of such landmarks as the Washington Square Arch, the New York Herald and Tiffany Buildings, and the homes of captains of American industry, Stanford White is a legendary figure in the history of American architecture. Yet while the exteriors and floor plans of his designs have been extensively studied and written about, no book has fully examined the other aspect of his career, which claimed at least half of his time and creativity. Wayne Craven's work offers the first study of Stanford White as an interior decorator and a dealer in antiques and the fine arts. Craven also offers a vivid portrait of the sweeping social and cultural changes taking place in the United States in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He places White's work as an interior decorator within the context of the lives and society of the nouveaux riches who built unprecedented fortunes during the Industrial Revolution. Rejecting the dominant middle-class tastes and values of the United States, the Whitneys, Vanderbilts, Astors, Paynes, Mackays, and other wealthy New York families saw themselves as the new aristocracy and desired the prestige and trappings accorded to Old World nobility. Stanford White fulfilled their hunger for aristocratic recognition by adorning their glamorous Fifth Avenue mansions and Long Island estates with the sculptures, stained-glass windows, coats of arms, and carved fireplaces of the European past. Interior decorators such as White did more than just buy single pieces for these families. They purchased entire rooms from palazzos, chateaux, villas, nunneries, and country houses; had them dismantled; and shipped-both furnishings and architectural elements-to their American clients. Through Stanford White's activities, Craven uncovers the mostly, but not always, legal business of dealing in antiquities, as American money entered and changed the European art market. Based on the archives of the Avery Architectural Library of Columbia University and the New-York Historical Society, this book recovers a neglected yet significant part of White's career, which lasted from the 1870s to his murder in 1906. White not only set the bar for twentieth-century architecture but also defined the newly emerging profession of interior design.

Marble Halls is about the great civic buildings that were designed in the style of Beaux-Arts classicism during the Gilded Age (1865–1918) and about the City Beautiful movement that was intended to improve the setting for the buildings and the urban environment for the people. The Industrial Revolution, which arrived belatedly in the United States, provided the wealth required for grand architecture, and the classical Beaux-style was imported from Paris to serve as a veneer to a society that saw itself as brash and culturally unrefined. Major buildings, from New York City to San Francisco and from St. Paul, MN, to Jacksonville, FL, are discussed as the creations of architects such as McKim, Mead & White, Richard Morris Hunt, and Cass Gilbert with exteriors enhanced by the sculptures of Daniel Chester French and Augustus Saint-Gaudens. But the interiors, too, received rich ornamentation as America saw the rise of its first real school of mural painters whose work was often complemented by the art of the mosaic-maker and the stained-glass window-maker; the Gilded Age was the era that saw the formation of a national association of mural painters and a national sculpture society, as well as national, state and local agencies and commissions to oversee the quality of work in civic buildings. All collaborated to produce the glorious grandeur that Americans believed reflected their proper place as a new power that arose on the world stage, in politics, economics, and military adventurism. Federal buildings, state houses, court houses, train stations, libraries and art museums are discussed as contributors to the City Beautiful movement and to the assertive personality of the new American.