Kirjahaku

“Autumn wind, autumn rain, fill my heart with sorrow”—these were the last words of Qiu Jin (1875–1907), written before she was beheaded for plotting to overthrow the Qing empire. Eventually, she would be celebrated as a Republican martyr and China’s first feminist, her last words committed to memory by schoolchildren. Yet during her lifetime she was often seen as eccentric, even deviant; in her death, and still more in the forced abandonment of her remains, the authorities had wanted her to disappear into historical oblivion.Burying Autumn tells the story of the enduring friendship between Qiu Jin and her sworn-sisters Wu Zhiying and Xu Zihua, who braved political persecution to give her a proper burial. Formed amidst social upheaval, their bond found its most poignant expression in Wu and Xu’s mourning for Qiu. The archives of this friendship—letters, poems, biographical sketches, steles, and hand-copied sutra—vividly display how these women understood the concrete experiences of modernity, how they articulated those experiences through traditional art forms, and how their artworks transformed the cultural traditions they invoked even while maintaining deep cultural roots. In enabling Qiu Jin to acquire historical significance, their friendship fulfilled its ultimate socially transformative potential.

The figure of the New Woman, soon to become a major signpost of Chinese modernity, was in the process of being composed at the turn of the twentieth century. This was a liminal moment in Chinese history, a period of great possibilities and much fluidity. At this time, the term xin nüxin or xin funü (the New Woman) had not yet achieved currency, for she represented an ideal yet to be fully articulated. The cultural production of this period in China illustrates that the New Woman was constructed vis-à-vis her significant "others," whether domestic or foreign, male or female. To know the New Woman, then, it is necessary to know not just herself but also her others. Instead of offering a model of Western influence or indigenous origin, this study employs a model of translation, in which both the self and the other are subject to multiple transformations. It reads several popular Chinese writers and translators of the period whose abundant fiction (whether original or translated) bristles with difficulties in presuming either fidelity of translation or adequacy of depicting cross-cultural experience in the construction of the New Woman. The late Qing era witnessed the translating, printing, and reading of a vast amount of Western literature, amounting to what has been called a "translation fever." The author focuses on the fictional and translational representation of a range of Western female icons, including Sophia Perovskaia (the Russian anarchist and would-be assassin of the tsar), the French Revolutionary figure Madame Roland, and Dumas's "la Dame aux camélias." In tracing the circulation and transformation of these popular figures through travel books, biographies, newspaper articles, oral performance scripts, and novels, this book narrates the complex relationship between imagining a foreign other and re-imagining the self. In investigating the very processes of translation, it provides a sustained analysis of the cultural and historical forces that produced the New Woman in China.

Dieses Buch befasst sich mit der Frage, wie sich die Verbesserung der Benutzerfreundlichkeit und die motivierende Gestaltung auf die Motivation und die Lernleistung der Lernenden in einer Online-Lernumgebung mit selbstbestimmtem Tempo auswirken. Die Autorin untersuchte auch die Zusammenh nge zwischen allgemein verwendeten Usability-Ma en und den Motivationsma en auf der Grundlage des ARCS-Modells von Keller. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf einen signifikanten Einfluss des Interface-Designs auf die Motivation der Lernenden hin. Es wurden kleine bis mittlere positive Korrelationen zwischen der Zufriedenheit mit der Benutzerfreundlichkeit und drei Motivationsma en, n mlich Aufmerksamkeit, Relevanz und Zufriedenheit, festgestellt.

Ce livre traite de la mani re dont l'am lioration de la facilit d'utilisation et la conception de la motivation affectent la motivation des apprenants et les performances d'apprentissage dans un environnement d'apprentissage en ligne au rythme de l'apprenant. L'auteur a galement tudi les relations entre les mesures de convivialit couramment utilis es et les mesures de motivation bas es sur le mod le ARCS de Keller. Les r sultats sugg rent un effet significatif de la conception de l'interface sur la motivation de l'apprenant. Des corr lations positives faibles moyennes ont t trouv es entre la satisfaction de l'utilisabilit et trois mesures de motivation, savoir l'attention, la pertinence et la satisfaction.

Questo libro si occupa di come il miglioramento dell'usabilit e la progettazione motivazionale influenzino la motivazione degli studenti e le prestazioni di apprendimento in un ambiente di apprendimento online autogestito. L'autore ha anche analizzato le interrelazioni tra le misure di usabilit comunemente utilizzate e le misure di motivazione basate sul modello ARCS di Keller. I risultati hanno suggerito un effetto significativo del design dell'interfaccia sulla motivazione del discente. Sono state riscontrate correlazioni positive da piccole a medie tra la soddisfazione per l'usabilit e tre misure di motivazione, ossia attenzione, rilevanza e soddisfazione.

Este livro aborda a forma como a melhoria da usabilidade e a conce o motivacional afectam a motiva o e o desempenho de aprendizagem dos alunos num ambiente de aprendizagem em linha a ritmo pr prio. O autor tamb m investigou as inter-rela es entre as medidas de usabilidade comummente utilizadas e as medidas de motiva o baseadas no modelo ARCS de Keller. Os resultados sugerem um efeito significativo da conce o da interface na motiva o do aluno. Foram encontradas correla es positivas pequenas a m dias entre a satisfa o com a usabilidade e tr s medidas de motiva o, ou seja, aten o, relev ncia e satisfa o.