This introductory text brings together diverse perspectives and research streams on language attrition – forgetting or loss of language proficiency that can take place in one’s first or additional language, for different reasons, and at different life stages.Offering a comprehensive state-of-the-art overview, Michael T. Putnam and David Natvig define key concepts and the contemporary debates in the field, discussing a variety of structural/grammatical, societal, and psychological/cognitive aspects of this phenomenon and their implications for linguistic theory and language learning.Setting the future research agenda on this subject and with helpful features like discussion questions, this will be an invaluable resource for advanced students and researchers of theoretical & applied linguistics, bilingualism & heritage linguistics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, education, and beyond.
This introductory text brings together diverse perspectives and research streams on language attrition – forgetting or loss of language proficiency that can take place in one’s first or additional language, for different reasons, and at different life stages.Offering a comprehensive state-of-the-art overview, Michael T. Putnam and David Natvig define key concepts and the contemporary debates in the field, discussing a variety of structural/grammatical, societal, and psychological/cognitive aspects of this phenomenon and their implications for linguistic theory and language learning.Setting the future research agenda on this subject and with helpful features like discussion questions, this will be an invaluable resource for advanced students and researchers of theoretical & applied linguistics, bilingualism & heritage linguistics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, education, and beyond.
Using an elite consensus/conflict analytical frame, this book examines why some majority Muslim countries perform so much better at democracy and/or development than others, questioning received wisdoms that Islam, authoritarianism, and underdevelopment go together. Identifying four distinct democracy and development outcomes in the Muslim world, four case studies are interrogated to show that there is more variability in democracy and development outcomes in Muslim majority countries than macro-historical studies and aggregate data have shown.By demonstrating that democracy and development outcomes in Muslim countries are the consequence of elite conflict and elite consensus, rather than the precepts or institutions of Islam, the book places the competition for power among contending elites, rather than Islam, at the center of the story of democracy and development in the Muslim world.This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of political development/development studies, democratization and autocratization studies, democracy promotion, and more broadly comparative politics.
Using an elite consensus/conflict analytical frame, this book examines why some majority Muslim countries perform so much better at democracy and/or development than others, questioning received wisdoms that Islam, authoritarianism, and underdevelopment go together. Identifying four distinct democracy and development outcomes in the Muslim world, four case studies are interrogated to show that there is more variability in democracy and development outcomes in Muslim majority countries than macro-historical studies and aggregate data have shown.By demonstrating that democracy and development outcomes in Muslim countries are the consequence of elite conflict and elite consensus, rather than the precepts or institutions of Islam, the book places the competition for power among contending elites, rather than Islam, at the center of the story of democracy and development in the Muslim world.This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of political development/development studies, democratization and autocratization studies, democracy promotion, and more broadly comparative politics.
The second edition of Reverse Engineering of Algebraic Inequalities is a comprehensively updated new edition demonstrating the exploration of new physical realities in various unrelated domains of human activity through reverse engineering of algebraic inequalities.This book introduces a groundbreaking method for generating new knowledge in science and technology that relies on reverse engineering of algebraic inequalities. By using this knowledge, the purpose is to optimize systems and processes in diverse fields such as mechanical engineering, structural engineering, physics, electrical engineering, reliability engineering, risk management and economics. This book will provide the reader with methods to enhance the reliability of systems in total absence of knowledge about the reliabilities of the components building the systems; to develop light-weight structures with very big materials savings; to develop structures with very big load-bearing capacity; to enhance process performance and decision-making; to obtain new useful physical properties; and to correct serious flaws in the current practice for predicting system reliability.This book will greatly benefit professionals and mathematical modelling researchers working on optimising processes and systems in diverse disciplines. It will also benefit undergraduate students introduced to mathematical modelling, post-graduate students and post-doctoral researchers working in the area of mathematical modelling, mechanical engineering, reliability engineering, structural engineering, risk management, and engineering design..
Supporting Equitable Assessment for Multilingual Learners of English introduces the E5 Model of Equitable Assessment, an original framework developed by the authors to guide fair and culturally responsive evaluation of multilingual learners of English. The model integrates five guiding principles: equity, equality, educational justice, equanimity, and empowerment, across three interrelated dimensions: affective, social-moral, and technical. Drawing on research, professional expertise, and lived classroom experience, the book examines the historical context of language assessment as well as its policies, the central role of emotional well-being, and the balance between content rigor and language accessibility. Each chapter combines conceptual foundations with practical tools, adaptable rubrics, and reflection prompts that enable educators to design assessments fostering student agency, cultural relevance, and academic mastery. The authors also address emerging opportunities and challenges, including the integration of technology, the impacts of global migration, and shifts in educational policy. By centering student voice and identity, this book provides educators, leaders, and policymakers with actionable strategies for building assessment systems that are academically rigorous, culturally grounded, and responsive to the evolving needs of today’s students.
Supporting Equitable Assessment for Multilingual Learners of English introduces the E5 Model of Equitable Assessment, an original framework developed by the authors to guide fair and culturally responsive evaluation of multilingual learners of English. The model integrates five guiding principles: equity, equality, educational justice, equanimity, and empowerment, across three interrelated dimensions: affective, social-moral, and technical. Drawing on research, professional expertise, and lived classroom experience, the book examines the historical context of language assessment as well as its policies, the central role of emotional well-being, and the balance between content rigor and language accessibility. Each chapter combines conceptual foundations with practical tools, adaptable rubrics, and reflection prompts that enable educators to design assessments fostering student agency, cultural relevance, and academic mastery. The authors also address emerging opportunities and challenges, including the integration of technology, the impacts of global migration, and shifts in educational policy. By centering student voice and identity, this book provides educators, leaders, and policymakers with actionable strategies for building assessment systems that are academically rigorous, culturally grounded, and responsive to the evolving needs of today’s students.
Designing Out Failure is a comprehensive textbook that introduces a unique, domain-independent methodology for eliminating failure modes and improving reliability across all engineering disciplines. The book presents a systematic innovative framework for risk reduction and reliability enhancement through a structured methodology applicable to diverse engineering fields. Over 60 worked examples and case studies, spanning mechanical, electrical, structural, and environmental engineering domains, showcase creative, solutions of exceptional quality. Each case study is structured not only to demonstrate the principles in action but also to provide actionable insights for transferable application in one's own design for reliability efforts. Each chapter is complemented by comprehensive practical exercises, tutorial questions, and detailed solutions that reinforce learning and foster creative thinking. Designed specifically for undergraduate and postgraduate engineering curricula, this textbook teaches creative thinking in engineering design while building core competencies in reliability engineering. It serves as an invaluable resource for students, educators, practicing engineers, and researchers seeking to master the art and science of reliable design
Dropshipping & Shopify: Le Guide des Business en E-commerce Aujourd'hui seulement, obtenez ce guide uniquement sur Amazon pour seulement 12,99 Voici ce que vous tes sur le point de d couvrir: ✅ Qu'est-ce que le dropshipping ? Ses avantages et ses inconv nients;✅ Pourquoi vous devez rapidement vous lancer dans le e-commerce;✅ Comment cr er votre boutique en e-commerce; ✅ Quels logiciels j'utilise personnellement pour mes business;✅ Quelles sont mes techniques et crit res que j'observe pour choisir mes produits gagnants;✅ Par quels fournisseurs je passe;✅ ....
"Bildgewaltig und mit allen Sinnen, die Sprache ansprechen kann, zeichnet Bhatty die d stere Welt um Kyle und die, die seinen Weg kreuzen"Zauberwelten, 2015"KYLE - Im Kreis des Wassers" bildet das zweite Buch der Kyle-Saga, die mit "KYLE - Im Kreis des Feuers" ihren Auftakt fand. Der junge Kyle lebt in der archaisch-mittelalterlichen Welt von Calhuh. Doch Kyle war nicht immer ein K mpfer. Er war ein Tagtr umer und Tunichtgut, der von Drachen und sch nen Jungfrauen tr umte - und seine erste Liebe an die D monenanbeter des Varim Wacgh'tar verlor.Nach ihrem Kampf gegen die Sekte werden Kyle und seine Gef hrten haben sich die 'Helden von Calhuh' viele Feinde gemacht, darunter Herzog DeBracy und dessen Rechte Hand, Graf Erak duh Payntorra. Und auch der Drache Mordrakhel und seine Agentin, die Schattenelfin Maegalcarweyn trachten Kyle nach dem Leben."KYLE - Im Kreis des Wassers" katapultiert die Gef hrten in einen Mahlstrom aus blutiger Gewalt, Hass und den Abgr nden fleischlichen Verlangens."KYLE - Im Kreis des Wassers" stammt von Michael T. Bhatty, dem Autor der offiziellen Romane zu den Videogame-Blockbustern FARCRY, RUNES OF MAGIC und Lead Game Designer der SACRED-Welt.
Party in the Street explores the interaction between political parties and social movements in the United States. Examining the collapse of the post-9/11 antiwar movement against the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, this book focuses on activism and protest in the United States. It argues that the electoral success of the Democratic Party and President Barack Obama, as well as antipathy toward President George W. Bush, played a greater role in this collapse than did changes in foreign policy. It shows that how people identify with social movements and political parties matters a great deal, and it considers the Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street as comparison cases.
In recent years, there have been no books published on paediatric cardiac pathology despite enormous developments in genetics, a marked explosion of paediatric transplant programmes, surges in knowledge of fetal cardiac pathology and understanding of congenital heart disease, and the emergence of a flourishing cardiac imaging discipline. This book will be the first unified and comprehensive source of reference for childhood heart disease, covering the full field of paediatric cardiac pathology, in one volume. Comprising the twenty-five year experience of a single pathologist, the full spectrum of the pathology of heart disease, from the fetus to the adult, is uniquely presented here. Richly illustrated, with over 800 colour photographs, general and paediatric pathologists alike will be able to examine the microscopic features of the conditions described, with a specific focus on metabolic disease for practitioners worldwide.
As the modern food system continues to transform food - its composition, taste, availability, value, and appearance - consumers are increasingly confronted by legal and regulatory issues that affect us all on a daily basis. In Food Law in the United States, Michael T. Roberts addresses these issues in a comprehensive, systematic manner that lays out the national legal framework for the regulation of food and the legal tools that fill gaps in this framework, including litigation, state law, and private standards. Covering a broad expanse of topics including commerce, food safety, marketing, nutrition, and emerging food-systems issues such as local food, sustainability, security, urban agriculture, and equity, this book is an essential reference for lawyers, students, non-law professionals, and consumer advocates who must understand food law to advance their respective interests.
Party in the Street explores the interaction between political parties and social movements in the United States. Examining the collapse of the post-9/11 antiwar movement against the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, this book focuses on activism and protest in the United States. It argues that the electoral success of the Democratic Party and President Barack Obama, as well as antipathy toward President George W. Bush, played a greater role in this collapse than did changes in foreign policy. It shows that how people identify with social movements and political parties matters a great deal, and it considers the Tea Party and Occupy Wall Street as comparison cases.
As the modern food system continues to transform food - its composition, taste, availability, value, and appearance - consumers are increasingly confronted by legal and regulatory issues that affect us all on a daily basis. In Food Law in the United States, Michael T. Roberts addresses these issues in a comprehensive, systematic manner that lays out the national legal framework for the regulation of food and the legal tools that fill gaps in this framework, including litigation, state law, and private standards. Covering a broad expanse of topics including commerce, food safety, marketing, nutrition, and emerging food-systems issues such as local food, sustainability, security, urban agriculture, and equity, this book is an essential reference for lawyers, students, non-law professionals, and consumer advocates who must understand food law to advance their respective interests.
