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The role of the contracting authority in local public procurement

The role of the contracting authority in local public procurement

Abdoul Aziz Mouncherou

Our Knowledge Publishing
2023
pokkari
The reform of public procurement through Decree No. 2018/366 of June 20, 2018 on the Public Procurement Code has greatly enhanced the powers of the public procurement authority in Cameroon. The designation of the Minister in charge of public procurement by decree n 2012/075 of March 8, 2012 on the organization of the Ministry of Public Procurement as the authority in charge of public procurement has been strengthened by the reform. The decentralized local authorities (CTD) are freely administered. According to the provisions of the General Decentralization Code, together with those of the new Public Procurement Code, the Mayor and the President of the Regional Council are the contracting authorities for the local authorities. In this capacity, they place and execute the local public order, and the role in this case refers to the powers entrusted to an institution, in this case the contracting authority. The latter is the Minister Delegate of the Presidency in charge of Public Procurement.
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Constructing Robot Bases

Constructing Robot Bases

Gordon Mccomb

MCGRAW-HILL EDUCATION - EUROPE
2004
nidottu
This book provides everything you need to build a working robot base - from the author of "Robot Builder's Bonanza". Here is the first title in the innovative new "Robot DNA" series from McGraw-Hill, the premier publisher of references for the robotics hobbyist. Author Gordon McComb focuses on the basic concepts and specific applications you need to build efficient robot bases - and have a great time in the process. In the clear, easy-to-follow style that has made him a favourite among robotics fans, Gordon tells you how to get things up and running using only inexpensive, easily-obtained parts and simple testing equipment. Detailed enough to get the job done, but written with the amateur hobbyist in mind, "Constructing Robot Bases" is your first point of reference when designing and building this essential subsystem. It offers all the data you need to build your own robot base: Mechanical Construction; Electrical Construction; Operating Power; Robot Designs; Constructing a Two-Wheeled Rover Robot; Selecting the right materials; Glossary of Terms; Tables, Formulas, and Constants; and Resources (books, web pages, list servers, clubs, suppliers, etc.)
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Constructing the American Past: A Sourcebook of a People's History, Volume 1 to 1877

Constructing the American Past: A Sourcebook of a People's History, Volume 1 to 1877

Elliott J. Gorn; Randy Roberts; Susan Schulten

Oxford University Press
2017
nidottu
Now published by Oxford University Press, Constructing the American Past: A Source Book of a People's History, Eighth Edition, presents an innovative combination of case studies and primary source documents that allow students to discover, analyze, and construct history from the actors' perspective. Beginning with Christopher Columbus and his interaction with the Spanish crown in 1492, and ending in the Reconstruction-era United States, Constructing the American Past provides eyewitness accounts of historical events, legal documents that helped shape the lives of citizens, and excerpts from diaries that show history through an intimate perspective. The authors expand upon past scholarship and include new material regarding gender, race, and immigration in order to provide a more complete picture of the past.
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Constructing the American Past: A Sourcebook of a People's History, Volume 2 from 1865

Constructing the American Past: A Sourcebook of a People's History, Volume 2 from 1865

Elliott J. Gorn; Randy Roberts; Susan Schulten

Oxford University Press
2017
nidottu
Now published by Oxford University Press, Constructing the American Past: A Source Book of a People's History, Eighth Edition, presents an innovative combination of case studies and primary source documents that allow students to discover, analyze, and construct history from the actors' perspective. Beginning with Christopher Columbus and his interaction with the Spanish crown in 1492, and ending in the Reconstruction-era United States, Constructing the American Past provides eyewitness accounts of historical events, legal documents that helped shape the lives of citizens, and excerpts from diaries that show history through an intimate perspective. The authors expand upon past scholarship and include new material regarding gender, race, and immigration in order to provide a more complete picture of the past.
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Constructing Economic Science

Constructing Economic Science

Keith Tribe

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS INC
2022
sidottu
An accessible account of the role of the modern university in the creation of economics During the late nineteenth century concerns about international commercial rivalry were often expressed in terms of national provision for training and education, and the role of universities in such provision. It was in this context that the modern university discipline of economics emerged. The first undergraduate economics program was inaugurated in Cambridge in 1903; but this was merely a starting point. Constructing Economic Science charts the path through commercial education to the discipline of economics and the creation of an economics curriculum that could then be replicated around the world. Rather than describing this transition epistemologically, as a process of theoretical creation, Keith Tribe shows how the new "science" of economics was primarily an institutional creation of the modern university. He demonstrates how finance, student numbers, curricula, teaching, new media, the demands of employment, and more broadly, the international perception that industrializing economies required a technically-skilled workforce, all played their part in shaping economics as we know it today. This study explains the conditions originally shaping the science of economics, providing in turn a foundation for an understanding of the way in which this new language transformed public policy.
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Constructing Victimhood

Constructing Victimhood

Cheryl Lawther

Oxford University Press
2025
sidottu
Constructing Victimhood seeks to go 'beyond innocence and guilt' to expand the criminological, victimological, and transitional justice image of who we 'see' as victims, what we 'hear' as experiences of victimisation, and who makes these determinations. The book argues that the construction, reproduction, and politicisation of victimhood is structured not only by notions of innocence and guilt and the existence of complex victims, but by larger questions concerning the existence of complex hierarchies of victimhood that supersede simplistic notions of 'good' and 'bad' victims. Lawther also considers the exercise of voice, the role of silence and the silencing of certain variants of victimhood (in gender-based crimes for example), the politicisation of victims' groups and the impact of unresolved legacies of violent conflict. The author argues that in the failure to cast the transitional justice gaze more widely it is not only the 'voices in the cracks' that will be overlooked, but entire experiences of victimhood and victimisation. If transitional justice is to live up to its claims of being 'victim centred', widening its conceptual and practical boundaries to recognise the multiple and overlapping variables that construct and reproduce victimhood is essential. Pursuing this line of enquiry, Constructing Victimhood aims to change our understanding of victimhood in post-conflict and transitional contexts.
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Constructing Music

Constructing Music

Teresa M. Nakra

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS INC
2024
sidottu
Why does music exert such a strong pull on us? How does it work? Traditional courses in music fundamentals give students a basic understanding of the building blocks of music and how to put them together to make a result that produces an intended effect. Constructing Music: Musical Explorations in Creative Coding takes students a step further: through a series of step-by-step tutorials and lessons, author Teresa M. Nakra presents a new method for teaching music fundamentals that foregrounds creative coding practices and builds upon the computing skills that today's students already possess. By encouraging experimentation with computer code, this book gives students tools to actively investigate, simulate, and engage with the structure of music, ultimately leading to greater understanding about the processes that underlie music's power over us. Designed to support computer-based learning in tonal harmony, musicianship, and music theory, Constructing Music avoids the lens of Western music notation and instead explains music content through analogies with toy bricks and references ideas from creative technology, engineering, and design. Students also engage directly with the components of musical structure using editable short code "patches" developed in Max, a visual coding environment for interactive music, audio, and media. Dozens of patches accompany the book and allow readers to play with the building blocks of sound, reinforcing each topic by tinkering, modifying, and creating their own versions of the material. Each chapter explains core music theory concepts in detail and supports every description through code simulations, progressing through the topics with increasing complexity. In the final chapter, Nakra explores the questions and theories that emerge from the lessons, considering the role of music as a proto-form of AI and its impacts on emotion, wellness, and creativity.
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Constructing Music

Constructing Music

Teresa M. Nakra

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS INC
2024
nidottu
Why does music exert such a strong pull on us? How does it work? Traditional courses in music fundamentals give students a basic understanding of the building blocks of music and how to put them together to make a result that produces an intended effect. Constructing Music: Musical Explorations in Creative Coding takes students a step further: through a series of step-by-step tutorials and lessons, author Teresa M. Nakra presents a new method for teaching music fundamentals that foregrounds creative coding practices and builds upon the computing skills that today's students already possess. By encouraging experimentation with computer code, this book gives students tools to actively investigate, simulate, and engage with the structure of music, ultimately leading to greater understanding about the processes that underlie music's power over us. Designed to support computer-based learning in tonal harmony, musicianship, and music theory, Constructing Music avoids the lens of Western music notation and instead explains music content through analogies with toy bricks and references ideas from creative technology, engineering, and design. Students also engage directly with the components of musical structure using editable short code "patches" developed in Max, a visual coding environment for interactive music, audio, and media. Dozens of patches accompany the book and allow readers to play with the building blocks of sound, reinforcing each topic by tinkering, modifying, and creating their own versions of the material. Each chapter explains core music theory concepts in detail and supports every description through code simulations, progressing through the topics with increasing complexity. In the final chapter, Nakra explores the questions and theories that emerge from the lessons, considering the role of music as a proto-form of AI and its impacts on emotion, wellness, and creativity.
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Constructing the American Past

Constructing the American Past

Elliott J. Gorn; Susan Schulten; Randy Roberts

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS INC
2024
nidottu
Constructing the American Past: A Sourcebook of a People's History, Ninth Edition, presents an innovative combination of case studies and primary source documents that allow students to discover, analyze, and construct history from the actors' perspective. Beginning with Christopher Columbus and his interaction with the Spanish crown in 1492, and ending in the Reconstruction-era United States, Constructing the American Past provides eyewitness accounts of historical events, legal documents that helped shape the lives of citizens, and excerpts from diaries that show history through an intimate perspective. The authors expand upon past scholarship and include new material regarding gender, race, and immigration in order to provide a more complete picture of the past.
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Constructing the American Past

Constructing the American Past

Elliott J. Gorn; Susan Schulten; Randy Roberts

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS INC
2024
nidottu
Constructing the American Past: A Sourcebook of a People's History, Ninth Edition, presents an innovative combination of case studies and primary source documents that allow students to discover, analyze, and construct history from the actors' perspective. Beginning with Reconstruction-era United States and ending with modern conservatism at the end of the twentieth century, Constructing the American Past provides eyewitness accounts of historical events, legal documents that helped shape the lives of citizens, and excerpts from diaries that show history through an intimate perspective. The authors expand upon past scholarship and include new material regarding gender, race, and immigration in order to provide a more complete picture of the past.
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Constructing Utopias

Constructing Utopias

Zhongjie Lin

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS INC
2025
sidottu
Amid its groundbreaking political reforms and "largest mass migration ever seen in human history," China created over 3,800 new towns to accommodate its burgeoning urban population and sustain economic growth. Economic marketization, global trade, inter-city competition, and the exponentially growing real estate industry have driven tremendous investment in infrastructure and large-scale developments, stimulating continuous urban expansion. Surpassing any urbanization initiatives in history, contemporary Chinese new towns emerged as the national campaign to reimagine Chinese cities while reshaping the global geo-economic landscape. Constructing Utopias examines four decades of Chinese urbanization through the lens of urbanism and utopianism. After exploring the theoretical foundations and historical precedents of new town development, the book delves into a series of "model new towns" that showcase innovative planning, design, technologies, policies, and China's broader vision for a modern urban nation. Case studies of the Suzhou Industrial Park, One City and Nine Towns in Shanghai, prototypical eco-cities, and the notorious "ghost towns" form the core of this book, highlighting fundamental issues in urbanization including economic vitality, cultural identity, environmental sustainability, and socio-spatial dynamics. The author scrutinizes these new towns not only as grand visions of governments, planners, and developers but also as physical spaces embodying the struggles and aspirations of residents and migrant workers. By examining both the successes and failures of Chinese new town planning and development, this book illuminates the complex interplay between space production and social transformation within the context of neoliberalism and globalization.
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Constructing Utopias

Constructing Utopias

Zhongjie Lin

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS INC
2025
nidottu
Amid its groundbreaking political reforms and "largest mass migration ever seen in human history," China created over 3,800 new towns to accommodate its burgeoning urban population and sustain economic growth. Economic marketization, global trade, inter-city competition, and the exponentially growing real estate industry have driven tremendous investment in infrastructure and large-scale developments, stimulating continuous urban expansion. Surpassing any urbanization initiatives in history, contemporary Chinese new towns emerged as the national campaign to reimagine Chinese cities while reshaping the global geo-economic landscape. Constructing Utopias examines four decades of Chinese urbanization through the lens of urbanism and utopianism. After exploring the theoretical foundations and historical precedents of new town development, the book delves into a series of "model new towns" that showcase innovative planning, design, technologies, policies, and China's broader vision for a modern urban nation. Case studies of the Suzhou Industrial Park, One City and Nine Towns in Shanghai, prototypical eco-cities, and the notorious "ghost towns" form the core of this book, highlighting fundamental issues in urbanization including economic vitality, cultural identity, environmental sustainability, and socio-spatial dynamics. The author scrutinizes these new towns not only as grand visions of governments, planners, and developers but also as physical spaces embodying the struggles and aspirations of residents and migrant workers. By examining both the successes and failures of Chinese new town planning and development, this book illuminates the complex interplay between space production and social transformation within the context of neoliberalism and globalization.
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Constructing Identity in Twentieth-Century Spain

Constructing Identity in Twentieth-Century Spain

Oxford University Press
2002
sidottu
This volume is designed to further the study of Spanish culture in the broad sense of the network of symbolic systems through which social groups construct and negotiate a sense of identity or identities. The emphasis is on culture as a set of practices rather than as a corpus of texts. The aim is to introduce readers to current theoretical debates in a range of disciplines, as well as to inform them about specific areas of twentieth-century Spanish culture. The four sections on 'Ethnicity and Migration', 'Gender', 'Popular Culture', and 'The Local and the Global' cover ethnography, music, TV, advertising, popular literature, medical discourse, film, posters, museums, and urban development.
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Constructing Identity in Twentieth-Century Spain

Constructing Identity in Twentieth-Century Spain

Oxford University Press
2002
nidottu
This volume is designed to further the study of Spanish culture in the broad sense of the network of symbolic systems through which social groups construct and negotiate a sense of identity or identities. The emphasis is on culture as a set of practices rather than as a corpus of texts. The aim is to introduce readers to current theoretical debates in a range of disciplines, as well as to inform them about specific areas of twentieth-century Spanish culture. The four sections on 'Ethnicity and Migration', 'Gender', 'Popular Culture', and 'The Local and the Global' cover ethnography, music, TV, advertising, popular literature, medical discourse, film, posters, museums, and urban development.
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Contracting for Change

Contracting for Change

Kieron Walsh; Nicholas Deakin; Paula Smith; Peter Spurgeon; Neil Thomas

Oxford University Press
1997
sidottu
There has been much speculation about the introduction of the contract culture in the public services and its consequences for those involved (including service users). This book, which is based on original research, sets out to examine the impact of contracts in three areas of the public service: health, social services, and other government activities. These findings are set in the context of policy development for the public sector as a whole. Detailed case studies in selected areas reveal the varying different patterns that have emerged. A study of the attitudes of those involved illuminates the different perspectives of participants. In the concluding chapters the authors review the policy implications of the study and identify likely future developments.
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Contracting for Health

Contracting for Health

Oxford University Press
1997
sidottu
Sweeping changes have taken place in many parts of the world in the provision and organisation of health care, welfare and other 'public' services. The UK's National Health Service (NHS) has been a prime example of this. This multi-disciplinary collection of essays reviews recent evidence from a major research programme, commissioned by the Economic and Social Research Council (ERSC), into the evolution and impact of contracting in the NHS. Each chapter examines a particular aspect of health and social care, including competition between hospitals and the effects of GP fundholding, and discusses the important theoretical implication of experience in the NHS quasi-market. It will be essential reading for anyone interested in the contemporary debate surrounding the issues.
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Constructing Russian Culture in the Age of Revolution: 1881-1940

Constructing Russian Culture in the Age of Revolution: 1881-1940

Oxford University Press
1998
nidottu
Constructing Russian Culture offers a pioneering new account of the relationship between literature and other cultural forms in Late Imperial Russia and Revolutionary Russia. The general consensus in Western study of Russia and the Soviet Union has been that understanding of `historical background' is essential to the study of `literature'. But this consensus has so far failed to produce sophisticated overviews of the culture as a whole; literary histories seldom venture outside a rigid canon of authors and literary groupings, and the account of `historical background' sometimes amount to little more than a listing of certain predictable political and social factors that can be perceived to have `influenced' (or impeded) literary developments. This book is an ambitious attempt to recontextualize Russian literature, and rethink the relations between literature and other cultural forms. The book examines a number of, in Bourdieu's term `cultural fields' in late Imperial Russia: science and objectivity; national and personal identity; consumerism and commercial culture. There is also a `keywords' introduction explaining the evolution of concepts of the self, the nation, and `literariness' in Russian culture, and an `Epilogue' outlining the further history of the central themes after 1917. Contributors include leading specialists in Russian literature, cultural history, and cultural theory from Britain, the USA, and Russia. Intended as a companion to Russian Cultural Studies: An Introduction (also OUP), this stimulating, original, and controversial book will be a vital resource for all those interested in Russian culture during `the age of Revolution'.
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Constructing Practical Reasons

Constructing Practical Reasons

Andreas Müller

Oxford University Press
2020
sidottu
Some things are reasons for us to perform certain actions. That it will spare you great pain in the future, for example, is a reason for you to go to the dentist now, and that you are already late for work is a reason for you not to read the next article in the morning paper. Why are such considerations reasons for or against certain actions? Constructivism offers an intriguing answer to this question. Its basic idea is often encapsulated in the slogan that reasons are not discovered but made by us. Andreas Müller elaborates this idea into a fully-fledged account of practical reasons, makes its theoretical commitments explicit, and defends it against some well-known objections. Constructing Practical Reasons begins with an examination of the distinctive role that reason judgements play in the process of practical reasoning. This provides the resources for an anti-representationalist conception of the nature of those judgements, according to which they are true, if they are true, not because they accurately represent certain normative facts, but because of their role in sound reasoning. On the resulting view, a consideration owes its status as a reason to the truth of the corresponding reason judgement and thus, ultimately, to the soundness of a certain episode of reasoning. Consequently, our practical reasons exhibit a kind of mind-dependence, but this does not force us to deny their objectivity.
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Constructing Organizational Life

Constructing Organizational Life

Thomas B. Lawrence; Nelson Phillips

Oxford University Press
2019
sidottu
Across the social sciences, scholars are increasingly showing how people 'work' to construct organizational life, including the rules and routines that shape and enable organizational activity, the identities of people who occupy organizations, and the societal norms and assumptions that provide the context for organizational action. The idea of work emphasizes the ways in which people and groups engage in purposeful, reflexive efforts rooted in an awareness of organizational life as constructed in human interaction and changeable through human effort. Studies of these efforts have identified new forms of work including emotion work, identity work, boundary work, strategy work, institutional work, and a host of others. Missing in these conversations, however, is a recognition that these forms of work are all part of a broader phenomenon driven by historical shifts that began with modernity and dramatically accelerated through the twentieth century. This book introduces the social-symbolic work perspective, which addresses this broader phenomenon. The social-symbolic work perspective integrates diverse streams of research to examine how people purposefully and reflexively work to construct organizational life, including the identities, technologies, boundaries, and strategies that constitute their organizations. In this book, the authors define social-symbolic work and introduce three forms - self work, organization work, and institutional work. Social-symbolic work highlights people's efforts to construct the social world, and focuses attention on the motivations, practices, resources, and effects of those efforts. This book explores eight distinct streams of social-symbolic work research, drawing on a broad range of examples from the worlds of business, politics, sports, social movements, and many others. It provides researchers, students, and practitioners with an integrative theoretical framework useful in understanding social-symbolic work, a survey of the main forms of social-symbolic work, a rich set of theoretical opportunities to inspire new studies, and practical methodological guidance for empirical research on social-symbolic work.
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