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1000 tulosta hakusanalla Carlo Gozzi

Monte Carlo Statistical Methods

Monte Carlo Statistical Methods

Christian Robert; George Casella

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2010
nidottu
Monte Carlo statistical methods, particularly those based on Markov chains, are now an essential component of the standard set of techniques used by statisticians. This new edition has been revised towards a coherent and flowing coverage of these simulation techniques, with incorporation of the most recent developments in the field. In particular, the introductory coverage of random variable generation has been totally revised, with many concepts being unified through a fundamental theorem of simulation There are five completely new chapters that cover Monte Carlo control, reversible jump, slice sampling, sequential Monte Carlo, and perfect sampling. There is a more in-depth coverage of Gibbs sampling, which is now contained in three consecutive chapters. The development of Gibbs sampling starts with slice sampling and its connection with the fundamental theorem of simulation, and builds up to two-stage Gibbs sampling and its theoretical properties. A third chapter covers the multi-stage Gibbs sampler and its variety of applications. Lastly, chapters from the previous edition have been revised towards easier access, with the examples getting more detailed coverage. This textbook is intended for a second year graduate course, but will also be useful to someone who either wants to apply simulation techniques for the resolution of practical problems or wishes to grasp the fundamental principles behind those methods. The authors do not assume familiarity with Monte Carlo techniques (such as random variable generation), with computer programming, or with any Markov chain theory (the necessary concepts are developed in Chapter 6). A solutions manual, which covers approximately 40% of the problems, is available for instructors who require the book for a course. Christian P. Robert is Professor of Statistics in the Applied Mathematics Department at Université Paris Dauphine, France. He is also Head of the Statistics Laboratoryat the Center for Research in Economics and Statistics (CREST) of the National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE) in Paris, and Adjunct Professor at Ecole Polytechnique. He has written three other books and won the 2004 DeGroot Prize for The Bayesian Choice, Second Edition, Springer 2001. He also edited Discretization and MCMC Convergence Assessment, Springer 1998. He has served as associate editor for the Annals of Statistics, Statistical Science and the Journal of the American Statistical Association. He is a fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, and a winner of the Young Statistician Award of the Société de Statistique de Paris in 1995. George Casella is Distinguished Professor and Chair, Department of Statistics, University of Florida. He has served as the Theory and Methods Editor of the Journal of the American Statistical Association and Executive Editor of Statistical Science. He has authored three other textbooks: Statistical Inference, Second Edition, 2001, with Roger L. Berger; Theory of Point Estimation, 1998, with Erich Lehmann; and Variance Components, 1992, with Shayle R. Searle and Charles E. McCulloch. He is a fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics and the American Statistical Association, and an elected fellow of the International Statistical Institute.
Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Sampling

Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo Sampling

Christiane Lemieux

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2010
nidottu
Quasi–Monte Carlo methods have become an increasingly popular alternative to Monte Carlo methods over the last two decades. Their successful implementation on practical problems, especially in finance, has motivated the development of several new research areas within this field to which practitioners and researchers from various disciplines currently contribute. This book presents essential tools for using quasi–Monte Carlo sampling in practice. The first part of the book focuses on issues related to Monte Carlo methods—uniform and non-uniform random number generation, variance reduction techniques—but the material is presented to prepare the readers for the next step, which is to replace the random sampling inherent to Monte Carlo by quasi–random sampling. The second part of the book deals with this next step. Several aspects of quasi-Monte Carlo methods are covered, including constructions, randomizations, the use of ANOVA decompositions, and the concept of effective dimension. The third part of the book is devoted to applications in finance and more advanced statistical tools like Markov chain Monte Carlo and sequential Monte Carlo, with a discussion of their quasi–Monte Carlo counterpart. The prerequisites for reading this book are a basic knowledge of statistics and enough mathematical maturity to follow through the various techniques used throughout the book. This text is aimed at graduate students in statistics, management science, operations research, engineering, and applied mathematics. It should also be useful to practitioners who want to learn more about Monte Carlo and quasi–Monte Carlo methods and researchers interested in an up-to-date guide to these methods.
Monte Carlo

Monte Carlo

George Fishman

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2011
nidottu
This book provides an introduction to the Monte Carlo method suitable for a one-or two-semester course for graduate and advanced undergraduate students in the mathematical and engineering sciences. It also can serve as a reference for the professional analyst. In the past, my inability to provide students with a single­ source book on this topic for class and for later professional reference had left me repeatedly frustrated, and eventually motivated me to write this book. In addition to focused accounts of major topics, the book has two unifying themes: One concerns the effective use of information and the other concerns error control and reduction. The book describes how to incorporate information about a problem into a sampling plan in a way that reduces the cost of estimating its solution to within a specified error bound. Although exploiting special structures to reduce cost long has been a hallmark of the Monte Carlo method, the propen­ sity of users of the method to discard useful information because it does not fit traditional textbook models repeatedly has impressed me. The present account aims at reducing the impediments to integrating this information. Errors, both statistical and computational, abound in every Monte Carlo sam­ pling experiment, and a considerable methodology exists for controlling them.
Monte Carlo Simulation and Resampling Methods for Social Science

Monte Carlo Simulation and Resampling Methods for Social Science

Thomas M. Carsey; Jeffrey J. Harden

SAGE Publications Inc
2013
nidottu
Taking the topics of a quantitative methodology course and illustrating them through Monte Carlo simulation, this book examines abstract principles, such as bias, efficiency, and measures of uncertainty in an intuitive, visual way. Instead of thinking in the abstract about what would happen to a particular estimator "in repeated samples," the book uses simulation to actually create those repeated samples and summarize the results. The book includes basic examples appropriate for readers learning the material for the first time, as well as more advanced examples that a researcher might use to evaluate an estimator he or she was using in an actual research project. The book also covers a wide range of topics related to Monte Carlo simulation, such as resampling methods, simulations of substantive theory, simulation of quantities of interest (QI) from model results, and cross-validation. Complete R code from all examples is provided so readers can replicate every analysis presented using R.
Monte Carlo Methods in Bayesian Computation

Monte Carlo Methods in Bayesian Computation

Ming-Hui Chen; Qi-Man Shao; Joseph G. Ibrahim

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2012
nidottu
Sampling from the posterior distribution and computing posterior quanti­ ties of interest using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) samples are two major challenges involved in advanced Bayesian computation. This book examines each of these issues in detail and focuses heavily on comput­ ing various posterior quantities of interest from a given MCMC sample. Several topics are addressed, including techniques for MCMC sampling, Monte Carlo (MC) methods for estimation of posterior summaries, improv­ ing simulation accuracy, marginal posterior density estimation, estimation of normalizing constants, constrained parameter problems, Highest Poste­ rior Density (HPD) interval calculations, computation of posterior modes, and posterior computations for proportional hazards models and Dirichlet process models. Also extensive discussion is given for computations in­ volving model comparisons, including both nested and nonnested models. Marginal likelihood methods, ratios of normalizing constants, Bayes fac­ tors, the Savage-Dickey density ratio, Stochastic Search Variable Selection (SSVS), Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA), the reverse jump algorithm, and model adequacy using predictive and latent residual approaches are also discussed. The book presents an equal mixture of theory and real applications.
Gian-Carlo Rota on Analysis and Probability

Gian-Carlo Rota on Analysis and Probability

Jean Dhombres

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2011
nidottu
Gian-Carlo Rota was born in Vigevano, Italy, in 1932. He died in Cambridge, Mas­ sachusetts, in 1999. He had several careers, most notably as a mathematician, but also as a philosopher and a consultant to the United States government. His mathe­ matical career was equally varied. His early mathematical studies were at Princeton (1950 to 1953) and Yale (1953 to 1956). In 1956, he completed his doctoral thesis under the direction of Jacob T. Schwartz. This thesis was published as the pa­ per "Extension theory of differential operators I", the first paper reprinted in this volume. Rota's early work was in analysis, more specifically, in operator theory, differ­ ential equations, ergodic theory, and probability theory. In the 1960's, Rota was motivated by problems in fluctuation theory to study some operator identities of Glen Baxter (see [7]). Together with other problems in probability theory, this led Rota to study combinatorics. His series of papers, "On the foundations of combi­ natorial theory", led to a fundamental re-evaluation of the subject. Later, in the 1990's, Rota returned to some of the problems in analysis and probability theory which motivated his work in combinatorics. This was his intention all along, and his early death robbed mathematics of his unique perspective on linkages between the discrete and the continuous. Glimpses of his new research programs can be found in [2,3,6,9,10].
Monte Carlo Transport of Electrons and Photons
For ten days at the end of September, 1987, a group of about 75 scientists from 21 different countries gathered in a restored monastery on a 750 meter high piece of rock jutting out of the Mediterranean Sea to discuss the simulation of the transport of electrons and photons using Monte Carlo techniques. When we first had the idea for this meeting, Ralph Nelson, who had organized a previous course at the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture, suggested that Erice would be the ideal place for such a meeting. Nahum, Nelson and Rogers became Co-Directors of the Course, with the help of Alessandro Rindi, the Director of the School of Radiation Damage and Protection, and Professor Antonino Zichichi, Director of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre. The course was an outstanding success, both scientifically and socially, and those at the meeting will carry the marks of having attended, both intellectually and on a personal level where many friendships were made. The scientific content of the course was at a very high caliber, both because of the hard work done by all the lecturers in preparing their lectures (e. g. , complete copies of each lecture were available at the beginning of the course) and because of the high quality of the "students", many of whom were accomplished experts in the field. The outstanding facilities of the Centre contributed greatly to the success. This volume contains the formal record of the course lectures.
Monte Carlo Device Simulation

Monte Carlo Device Simulation

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2012
nidottu
Monte Carlo simulation is now a well established method for studying semiconductor devices and is particularly well suited to highlighting physical mechanisms and exploring material properties. Not surprisingly, the more completely the material properties are built into the simulation, up to and including the use of a full band structure, the more powerful is the method. Indeed, it is now becoming increasingly clear that phenomena such as reliabil­ ity related hot-electron effects in MOSFETs cannot be understood satisfac­ torily without using full band Monte Carlo. The IBM simulator DAMOCLES, therefore, represents a landmark of great significance. DAMOCLES sums up the total of Monte Carlo device modeling experience of the past, and reaches with its capabilities and opportunities into the distant future. This book, therefore, begins with a description of the IBM simulator. The second chapter gives an advanced introduction to the physical basis for Monte Carlo simulations and an outlook on why complex effects such as collisional broadening and intracollisional field effects can be important and how they can be included in the simulations. References to more basic intro­ the book. The third chapter ductory material can be found throughout describes a typical relationship of Monte Carlo simulations to experimental data and indicates a major difficulty, the vast number of deformation poten­ tials required to simulate transport throughout the entire Brillouin zone. The fourth chapter addresses possible further extensions of the Monte Carlo approach and subtleties of the electron-electron interaction.
Monte Carlo Methods for Medical Physics

Monte Carlo Methods for Medical Physics

Ph.D. Schuemann; Ph.D. Jia; Ph.D. Paganetti

Productivity Press
2025
sidottu
The Monte Carlo (MC) method, established as the gold standard to predict results of physical processes, is now fast becoming a routine clinical tool for applications that range from quality control to treatment verification. This book provides a basic understanding of the fundamental principles and limitations of the MC method in the interpretation and validation of results for various scenarios. It shows how user-friendly and speed optimized MC codes can achieve online image processing or dose calculations in a clinical setting. It introduces this essential method with emphasis on applications in hardware design and testing, radiological imaging, radiation therapy, and radiobiology.
Monte-Carlo Methods and Stochastic Processes

Monte-Carlo Methods and Stochastic Processes

Emmanuel Gobet

Productivity Press
2016
sidottu
Developed from the author’s course at the Ecole Polytechnique, Monte-Carlo Methods and Stochastic Processes: From Linear to Non-Linear focuses on the simulation of stochastic processes in continuous time and their link with partial differential equations (PDEs). It covers linear and nonlinear problems in biology, finance, geophysics, mechanics, chemistry, and other application areas. The text also thoroughly develops the problem of numerical integration and computation of expectation by the Monte-Carlo method.The book begins with a history of Monte-Carlo methods and an overview of three typical Monte-Carlo problems: numerical integration and computation of expectation, simulation of complex distributions, and stochastic optimization. The remainder of the text is organized in three parts of progressive difficulty. The first part presents basic tools for stochastic simulation and analysis of algorithm convergence. The second part describes Monte-Carlo methods for the simulation of stochastic differential equations. The final part discusses the simulation of non-linear dynamics.
Lucky Carlo

Lucky Carlo

Roberto Parpaglioni

Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
2016
nidottu
Roma, estate 2011. Carlo Palombini, garagista, ha la grande occasione di rilevare l'officina in cui lavorava da ragazzo, e tornare ad essere un meccanico. Ma gli servono cinquantamila euro, e non li ha. La moglie, Stefania, comincia a fargli la guerra, nel timore che si affidi ad uno strozzino. Minaccia di rompere il matrimonio, con conseguenze nefaste soprattutto nel rapporto tra lui e i figli. In realt Carlo, da sempre in attesa di una vincita al Superenalotto, o a qualche altro gioco, convinto che la fortuna stia finalmente per premiarlo. Ed su tale convinzione che avvia le trattative. Contemporaneamente gli capita di conoscere Vilma, collega di Stefania in un negozio di abbigliamento. Tra i due nasce una relazione che andr ad intrecciarsi con le aspirazioni di Carlo. Al punto che, per compiere l'ultimo passo, dovr per forza confessare alla moglie il suo tradimento. Avr il coraggio di farlo, o no?
Monte Carlo Simulation for Econometricians

Monte Carlo Simulation for Econometricians

Jan Kiviet

now publishers Inc
2012
nidottu
Monte Carlo Simulation for Econometricians presents the fundamentals of Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), pointing to opportunities not often utilized in current practice, especially with regards to designing their general setup, controlling their accuracy, recognizing their shortcomings, and presenting their results in a coherent way.The author explores the properties of classic econometric inference techniques by simulation. The first three chapters focus on the basic tools of MCS. After treating the basic tools of MCS, Chapter 4 examines the crucial elements of analyzing the properties of asymptotic test procedures by MCS. Chapter 5 examines more general aspects of MCS, such as its history, possibilities to increase its efficiency and effectiveness, and whether synthetic random exogenous variables should be kept fixed over all the experiments or be treated as genuinely random and thus redrawn every replication. The simulation techniques that we discuss in the first five chapters are often addressed as naive or classic Monte Carlo methods.However, simulation can also be used not just for assessing the qualities of inference techniques, but also directly for obtaining inference in practice from empirical data. Various advanced inference techniques have been developed which incorporate simulation techniques. An early example of this is Monte Carlo testing, which corresponds to the parametric bootstrap technique. Chapter 6 highlights such techniques and presents a few examples of semi-parametric bootstrap techniques. This chapter also demonstrates that the bootstrap is not an alternative to MCS but just another practical inference technique, which uses simulation to produce econometric inference. Each chapter includes exercises allowing the reader to immerse in performing and interpreting MCS studies.The material has been used extensively in courses for undergraduate and graduate students. The various chapters all contain illustrations which throw light on what uses can be made from MCS to discover the finite sample properties of a broad range of alternative econometric methods with a focus on the rather basic models and techniques.