Tissue engineering has ushered in a new era for therapeutic medicine, rapidly progressing to encompass all tissues in the body. This progress relies on understanding embryonic development and stem cell biology. In oral tissues, replicating complex biological development remains a challenge due to the need for integrating multiple tissue types and interfaces. Recent advancements in tissue engineering are making significant strides in periodontal disease management, which is crucial given its link to systemic health issues. Current methods, like engineered cell-scaffold constructs, show promise but still face challenges in achieving predictable full periodontal regeneration. Research is also exploring craniofacial applications and the potential of biologically regenerating periodontal structures. Despite notable progress, translating these advances into consistent, clinically safe treatments remains a major focus, with ongoing efforts to enhance stem cell compatibility and scaffold development. The future looks promising, with expanding knowledge and innovations paving the way for more effective oral and craniofacial tissue repair.
