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Extensions of Rings and Modules

Extensions of Rings and Modules

Gary F. Birkenmeier; Jae Keol Park; S Tariq Rizvi

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2013
sidottu
The focus of this monograph is the study of rings and modules which have a rich supply of direct summands with respect to various extensions. The first four chapters of the book discuss rings and modules which generalize injectivity (e.g., extending modules), or for which certain annihilators become direct summands (e.g., Baer rings). Ring extensions such as matrix, polynomial, group ring, and essential extensions of rings from the aforementioned classes are considered in the next three chapters. A theory of ring and module hulls relative to a specific class of rings or modules is introduced and developed in the following two chapters. While applications of the results presented can be found throughout the book, the final chapter mainly consists of applications to algebra and functional analysis. These include obtaining characterizations of rings of quotients as direct products of prime rings and descriptions of certain C*-algebras via (quasi-)Baer rings. Extensions of Rings and Modules introduces for the first time in book form:* Baer, quasi-Baer, and Rickart modules * The theory of generalized triangular matrix rings via sets of triangulating idempotents* A discussion of essential overrings that are not rings of quotients of a base ring and Osofsky's study on the self-injectivity of the injective hull of a ring* Applications of the theory of quasi-Baer rings to C*-algebras Each section of the book is enriched with examples and exercises which make this monograph useful not only for experts but also as a text for advanced graduate courses. Historical notes appear at the end of each chapter, and a list of Open Problems and Questions is provided to stimulate further research in this area. With over 400 references, Extensions of Rings and Modules will be of interest to researchers in algebra and analysis and to advanced graduate students in mathematics.
Extensions of Rings and Modules

Extensions of Rings and Modules

Gary F. Birkenmeier; Jae Keol Park; S Tariq Rizvi

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2015
nidottu
The focus of this monograph is the study of rings and modules which have a rich supply of direct summands with respect to various extensions. The first four chapters of the book discuss rings and modules which generalize injectivity (e.g., extending modules), or for which certain annihilators become direct summands (e.g., Baer rings). Ring extensions such as matrix, polynomial, group ring, and essential extensions of rings from the aforementioned classes are considered in the next three chapters. A theory of ring and module hulls relative to a specific class of rings or modules is introduced and developed in the following two chapters. While applications of the results presented can be found throughout the book, the final chapter mainly consists of applications to algebra and functional analysis. These include obtaining characterizations of rings of quotients as direct products of prime rings and descriptions of certain C*-algebras via (quasi-)Baer rings. Extensions of Rings and Modules introduces for the first time in book form:* Baer, quasi-Baer, and Rickart modules * The theory of generalized triangular matrix rings via sets of triangulating idempotents* A discussion of essential overrings that are not rings of quotients of a base ring and Osofsky's study on the self-injectivity of the injective hull of a ring* Applications of the theory of quasi-Baer rings to C*-algebras Each section of the book is enriched with examples and exercises which make this monograph useful not only for experts but also as a text for advanced graduate courses. Historical notes appear at the end of each chapter, and a list of Open Problems and Questions is provided to stimulate further research in this area. With over 400 references, Extensions of Rings and Modules will be of interest to researchers in algebra and analysis and to advanced graduate students in mathematics.
DC Poster Portfolio: Jae Lee
DC spotlights top cover artists with the Poster Portfolio series, now featuring Jae Lee! Printed on heavy card stock paper at a big 12 by 16 inches, the pages of the Poster Portfolio are easily pulled out and are suitable for framing.
The Adventures of Jae and Gia: Growing Pains

The Adventures of Jae and Gia: Growing Pains

C. J. Dotson

Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
2019
nidottu
As the school year comes to a close, the duo grapples with the consequences of Natalie's fall from her throne at Ridgefield. Although Jae becomes more comfortable with her "new home away from home", a weekend away causes her to look at the world through a new lens. As Jae refocuses, Gia finds her voice while making new friends and debating about the intentions of Karen's new boyfriend.Author, C. J. Dotson, created The Adventures of Jae and Gia series to spotlight issues children experience daily through social media and other media outlets, as well as personal experience. She aims to provide real world content in a child friendly way that will encourage difficult, yet productive and positive conversations.
Gwangju Uprising Overthrown by Moon Jae-In's 5.18 Tear: Exposing the Politics of False Narratives in South Korea
The primary language of the book entitled Gwangju Uprising Overthrown by Moon Jae-in's 5-18 Tear is Korean language with limited English texts. The two pages of English text close to the end of Prologue indicate the ideological background of Strongman Moon-a response to what CNN reporter Paula Hancocks calls his legacy. Non-Korean speaking readers may find the 125 pictures and illustrations are helpful for catching the key points of hot and crucial issues the book deals with. The book is a new look into the two major events of modern Korean history: Impeachment by fraud in 2017 and 5.18 Gwangju Uprising in 1980. Chapter One deals with the question everyone asks-how it happened that the South Korean President Park Geun-hye was impeached by fraud? Although the chapter is written for Korean leaders, it might be informative for international researchers that the 24 pictures from primary sources serve as the evidences that President Park was impeached by the fraud-by the false narrative of the fake news. The first consequence of impeachment by fraud is the inevitable political conflict between the two groups. There are men and women who are sensible enough to decern between facts and fake news. For these sensible Koreans who reject false narratives, the President in their heart is still Park Geun-hye, while Moon Jae-in has his own supporting group (among them many tend to be pro-North Korean or extreme Socialists). The second heading of Chapter One is 'Fabricated Tablet.' Very few Western journalists appear to be aware of that a small tablet was used as a tool for impeaching President Park by fraud. Strongman Moon justifies impeachment by fraud by calling it 'candlelight revolution.' Candlelight rallies first began in 2002, when pro-North Korean groups organized nation-wide anti-American rallies. Another large-scale 'candlelight' rallies were organized in 2008, stirring anti-American sentiments with a false rumor of mad-cow disease. Fake news was used again in 2016 for organizing candlelight rallies for months-this time aiming at impeaching President Park Geun-hye. JTBC, a South Korean broadcasting company, used a small tablet for a trick to produce a fake news. The fake news of October 24, 2016 was that Mrs. Choi Sun-shil, a long-time friend of President Park, revised Presidential speeches by using the tablet. Two things were white lie. The first lie is about time period. Mrs. Choi polished a few wordings of Park's speech drafts only during her Presidential campaign in 2012, otherwise her male secretary did not know how to write speech drafts in women's language. The second white of JTBC under the leadership of Son Seok-hee was that Choi used a small tablet to revise Park's speech drafts. JTBC's strategy to make Korean people furious against President Park worked. But the fact is that Choi never used a tablet, and the analysis report of National Forensic Service indicates that JTBC fabricated files inside the tablet. Chapter Two reveals the fact that Gwangju Uprising has been known by false narrative during the last 37 years. Gwangju Uprising was introduced to English-speaking world mainly by the book entitled Kwangju Diary and translated by Kap Su Seol. Now the official authorship Hwang Seok-young (rather than Lee Jai Eui). Hwang is not a historian, but a novelist as a fiction writer. It has been reported that he plagiarized North Korean propaganda books for a part of his Kwangju fiction. The short English texts on pages 116-117 on Gwangju Uprising Overthrown are only one example of Hwang's unreal and ill-willed Gwangju fiction, which is responsible for incorrect information about Gwangju Uprising. The title of the book comes from Chapter Three, which is the highlight of the book that presents how Strongman Moon Jae-in's tear show of May 18, 2017 for promoting a false narrative brought the opposite effect of triggering the opening of the Pandora box of 5.18 Gwangju Upri
Spiritual Interview with the Guardian Spirit of the President of South Korea, Moon Jae-in: [Spiritual Interview Series] (Korean edition)
와중의 문재인 대통령은 지금 무엇을 생각하는가?왜 이상할 정도로 반일을 계속 내세우는가?그 놀랄 만한 사고 회로의 원류를 밝혀내고한국에 대한 일본의 전략을 끌어낸다. ◇한국 경제는 붕괴 직전 ―― 외교도 경제도 모른다 '종군위안부', '징용공 문제'로 일본에서 배상금을 받을 뿐 ◇북한의 핵은 없애지 않는다 ―― 헌법 9조와 함께 일본은 가라앉아라 남북통일로 핵보유국이 되어 일본을 지배하고 싶다 ◇군사정보포괄보호협정(GSOMIA)의 파기 한미일의 제휴에 의미는 없다 ―― 중국에 아양을 떠는 외교 방침 ◇헌법을 개정해서 대통령을 2기 할 마음은 있는가 비상사태 선언을 내고 모든 권력을 대통령에게 ? ◇한국은 국민감정이 정의를 정하는 '정치(情治) 국가' 거기에는 민주주의도 법치주의도 사실상 존재하지 않는다 ◇독도뿐만 아니라 쓰시마(對馬)와 사도가 섬(佐渡島)도 점령한다 ? 지지율을 올리기 위해서라면 일본과의 전쟁도 불사하겠다
Pharmaceutical Patent Protection and World Trade Law
Patents, including pharmaceutical patents, enjoy extended protection for twenty years under the TRIPs Agreement. The Agreement has resulted in creating a two-tier system of the World Trade Organisation Member States, and its implementation has seen the price of pharmaceutical products skyrocket, putting essential medicines beyond the reach of the common man. The hardest hit populations come from the developing and least developed countries, which have either a weak healthcare system or no healthcare at all, where access to essential and affordable medicines is extremely difficult to achieve.Pharmaceutical Patent Protection and World Trade Law studies the problems faced by these countries in obtaining access to affordable medicines for their citizens in light of the TRIPS Agreement. It explores the opportunities that are still open for some developing countries to utilise the flexibilities available under the TRIPS Agreement in order to mitigate the damage caused by it. The book also examines the interrelationship between the world governing bodies, and the right to health contained in some of the developing country’s national constitutions.
The Political Economy of Development and Environment in Korea

The Political Economy of Development and Environment in Korea

Jae-Yong Chung; Richard J. Kirkby

Routledge
2001
sidottu
This book looks at Korea's economic, social and spatial development processes from the early Modernisation period to the financial crisis of 1997. It focuses on the political and ideological control of the state during the developmental era, as well as the environmental problems of Korea, and examines how society and environment have been used as means to attain rapid accumulation. Providing an holistic approach to Korean development, this title allows a comprehensive view of Korea's economic miracle as well as its recent problems.
The Political Economy of International Trade
American trade policy is a crucial subject to not only the United States but also foreign countries. Free trade has been a long-standing U.S. policy position, playing the lead role in the international free trade framework and contributing to this framework through multilateral trade negotiations. As both trade deficits and fiscal deficits steadily increased during the 1980s in the U.S., free trade has not stood without its share of suffering. Chung investigates American trade policy from the perspectives of U.S. trade laws and international trade agreements by outlining the primary trade laws of the past; considering the trade laws of the present; and delving into various trade agreements, disputes, and reforms. Looking to the future, Chung offers a unique argument for the enforcement of trade remedy laws and the reform of the international trade framework. The Political Economy of International Trade is certain to be of interest to academics, policymakers, trade industry practitioners, and politicians in the United States as well as around the world.
The Political Economy of International Trade
American trade policy is a crucial subject to not only the United States but also foreign countries. Free trade has been a long-standing U.S. policy position, playing the lead role in the international free trade framework and contributing to this framework through multilateral trade negotiations. As both trade deficits and fiscal deficits steadily increased during the 1980s in the U.S., free trade has not stood without its share of suffering. Chung investigates American trade policy from the perspectives of U.S. trade laws and international trade agreements by outlining the primary trade laws of the past; considering the trade laws of the present; and delving into various trade agreements, disputes, and reforms. Looking to the future, Chung offers a unique argument for the enforcement of trade remedy laws and the reform of the international trade framework. The Political Economy of International Trade is certain to be of interest to academics, policymakers, trade industry practitioners, and politicians in the United States as well as around the world.
A Presuppositional Analysis of Specific Indefinites
First published in 1998. In this book the author presents the view that although many linguists have been interested in specific indefinites, their theories are not quite satisfactory in that they have only tried to explore some aspects of specific indefinites. This paper assumes a standard notion of specificity, i.e., the notion of someone having-in-mind an individual or a relation. Under this assumption, there is an attempt to review previous studies on specific indefinites, and propose a new theory of specificity which I believe can capture all aspects which the previous studies have explored. This leads us to a new information theory which is partially representational and partially denotational., and which is useful for dealing with conversational aspects, like the distinction between the speaker and the audience.
Mister Picket Blackmaw

Mister Picket Blackmaw

Jae Mazer

IngramSpark
2022
pokkari
People are disappearing in the small community of Picton. It's not big news in the city where Freya lives, but when she stumbles across the story in her local newspaper, whispers from her guilt-ridden childhood call her back to the life she thought she'd escaped decades ago. Answering the summons of her own murky history, Freya journeys home to reunite with her long-lost best friend and her one remaining family member at the farm she once ran away from in the middle of the night. As soon as she arrives, she finds both twisted memories and fresh horrors waiting for her: killers, ghosts, and something dark that waits at the edge of the woods, hungry for blood and suffering. Freya must decide if she's willing to face the demons of her past and her present-and if she's prepared for the cost of fighting.
The Political Economy of the Small Welfare State in South Korea
This book explains why the Korean welfare state is underdeveloped despite successful industrialization, democratization, a militant labor movement, and a centralized meritocracy. Unlike most social science books on Korea, which tend to focus on its developmental state and rapid economic development, this book deals with social welfare issues and politics during the critical junctures in Korea's history: industrialization in the 1960–70s, the democratization and labor movement in the mid-1980s, globalization and the financial crisis in the 1990s, and the wind of free welfare in the 2010s. It highlights the self-interested activities of Korea's enterprise unionism at variance with those of a more solidaristic industrial unionism in the European welfare states. Korean big business, the chaebol, accommodated the unions' call for higher wages and more corporate welfare, which removed practical incentives for unions to demand social welfare. Korea's single-member-district electoral rules also induce politicians to sell geographically targeted, narrow benefits rather than public welfare for all while presidents are significantly constrained by unpopular tax increase issues. Strong economic bureaucrats acting as veto player also lead Korea to a small welfare state.
The Political Economy of the Small Welfare State in South Korea
This book explains why the Korean welfare state is underdeveloped despite successful industrialization, democratization, a militant labor movement, and a centralized meritocracy. Unlike most social science books on Korea, which tend to focus on its developmental state and rapid economic development, this book deals with social welfare issues and politics during the critical junctures in Korea's history: industrialization in the 1960–70s, the democratization and labor movement in the mid-1980s, globalization and the financial crisis in the 1990s, and the wind of free welfare in the 2010s. It highlights the self-interested activities of Korea's enterprise unionism at variance with those of a more solidaristic industrial unionism in the European welfare states. Korean big business, the chaebol, accommodated the unions' call for higher wages and more corporate welfare, which removed practical incentives for unions to demand social welfare. Korea's single-member-district electoral rules also induce politicians to sell geographically targeted, narrow benefits rather than public welfare for all while presidents are significantly constrained by unpopular tax increase issues. Strong economic bureaucrats acting as veto player also lead Korea to a small welfare state.
Pharmaceutical Patent Protection and World Trade Law
Patents, including pharmaceutical patents, enjoy extended protection for twenty years under the TRIPs Agreement. The Agreement has resulted in creating a two-tier system of the World Trade Organisation Member States, and its implementation has seen the price of pharmaceutical products skyrocket, putting essential medicines beyond the reach of the common man. The hardest hit populations come from the developing and least developed countries, which have either a weak healthcare system or no healthcare at all, where access to essential and affordable medicines is extremely difficult to achieve.Pharmaceutical Patent Protection and World Trade Law studies the problems faced by these countries in obtaining access to affordable medicines for their citizens in light of the TRIPS Agreement. It explores the opportunities that are still open for some developing countries to utilise the flexibilities available under the TRIPS Agreement in order to mitigate the damage caused by it. The book also examines the interrelationship between the world governing bodies, and the right to health contained in some of the developing country’s national constitutions.
A Presuppositional Analysis of Specific Indefinites
First published in 1998. In this book the author presents the view that although many linguists have been interested in specific indefinites, their theories are not quite satisfactory in that they have only tried to explore some aspects of specific indefinites. This paper assumes a standard notion of specificity, i.e., the notion of someone having-in-mind an individual or a relation. Under this assumption, there is an attempt to review previous studies on specific indefinites, and propose a new theory of specificity which I believe can capture all aspects which the previous studies have explored. This leads us to a new information theory which is partially representational and partially denotational., and which is useful for dealing with conversational aspects, like the distinction between the speaker and the audience.