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Otto Wagner, Adolf Loos, and the Road to Modern Architecture

Otto Wagner, Adolf Loos, and the Road to Modern Architecture

Werner Oechslin

Cambridge University Press
2002
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Contemporary architectural theory emphasizes the importance of 'tectonics', the term used to articulate the relationship between construction, structure and architectural expression. Despite the term's currency, little consideration has been given to its origins or historical significance. In this 2002 study, Werner Oechslin examines the attempts by early modern theoreticians of architecture to grapple with the relationship between appearance and essence, which is crucial to the discourse of tectonics. Referring to the writings of Joseph Lux, Karl Bötticher, and Adolf Loos, Oechslin follows this development from theories of a classical architecture without columnar orders to a Modern architecture upholding the 'truth'of its own architectural expression. Oechslin locates the culmination of this discourse in the work of Adolf Loos and in Le Corbusier's frequent references to Ancient Greece as the precedent of Modern architecture's honesty. This volume includes an anthology of primary texts by several theorists published in English.
The United States Government and the Rise of Adolf Hitler to Power in Germany
I wrote this book not only as a requirement for my master's degree in 1959 but because of my interest in European history. I conducted my research at the State Department of the United States. There, I examined the numerous documents sent by the American Embassy in Germany back to the State Department in the 1930's. These documents indicated that the rising political figure in Germany at that time was Adolf Hitler, head of the Nazi party. A one-time house painter and a self-appointed savior, he was eventually elected to be Chancellor of Germany in 1933. He was obsessed by the belief that Germans were a superior race, that war was necessary to gain Lebensraum which meant space for the growing German population. Many of the early reports about him was that he was an amateur politician who would soon disappear from the political scene. They were wrong. Desiring to conquer all of Europe, Hitler precipitated the worst war in our planet's history - a war in which 70 to 85 million people lost their lives. Seeing that the war was lost for Germany, Hitler committed suicide in April 1945. To all those who lost their lives in the war, this book is dedicated.Dr. John R. Ban, 2023