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Catalysis with Supported Size-selected Pt Clusters

Florian Frank Schweinberger

Springer International Publishing AG

2013

sidottu

In his thesis, Florian Schweinberger investigates the influence of the precise size of catalytically active species on reactivity. In order to do this he carries out studies both in UHV and under ambient conditions for supported, size-selected Platium clusters (8-68 atoms). Schweinberger probed the electronic structure, adsorption properties and reactivity of two olefins on surfaces and Pt clusters in the submonolayer range. With adsorbed trichloroethene (TCE) a possible cluster-adsorbate induced change in the electronic structure, and for ethene a low-temperature, size-dependent self-/hydrogenation was observed.In a collaborative approach, Schweinberger and colleagues investigated Pt clusters under ambient pressure conditions. They characterised the clusters at at the local and integral level and tested for temperature stability. Experiments in gas phase ?-reactors and in liquid, as part of a hybrid photocatalytic system, revealed size-dependent reactivity.Overall this thesis is not only of interest for those who want to perform similar experiments but also provides superb scientific insights for researchers in the field.

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La phénoménologie génétique de Marc Richir

Florian Forestier

Springer

2014

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Cet ouvrage est la première tentative de présenter une analyse approfondie et synthétisant des théories phénoménologique de Marc Richir. L’étude compare systématiquement son œuvre avec celle d’Edmund Husserl, et montre que la phénoménologie richirienne se présente comme une phénoménologie ‘transcendantale génétique’ qui se développe en dialogue avec Husserl, dont les écrits donnent presque toujours son point de départ problématique et méthodologique. L’auteur établi que la phénoménologie richirienne est, en soi, une refondation globale et systématique de la phénoménologie. Il décrit la manière dont Richir clarifie et reformule les analyses d’Husserl, dont il enquête sur les bases d’œuvre Husserlienne, et dont il mettre en pratique divers théories Husserlienne aux manières imprévues par le philosophe austro-allemande. Ce livre examine l’éventail entier des pensées de Marc Richir, y compris ses écrits sur la perception, la temps, l’espace, ainsi que le schématisme. L’analyse couvre l’approche Richirienne des dimensions de l’expérience (les rêves, par exemple) qui étaient, pour Husserl, périphérique, ainsi que de l'interprétation du philosophe Français des concepts tels que réduction, eidétique, idéalité et intersubjectivité. En plaçant le travail de Richir dans un contexte plus large de la tradition Français de la philosophie, et en évaluant la pertinence de son œuvre au développement du projet phénoménologique en cours, cet ouvrage a apporté une contribution essentielle à la littérature académique.

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Synthesis and Reactivity of Donor-Acceptor Substituted Aminocyclopropanes and Aminocyclobutanes

Florian de Nanteuil

Springer International Publishing AG

2015

sidottu

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This thesis presents a general approach to accessing nitrogen-substituted hetero- and carbocycles. In short, the annulation reactions developed in the thesis make it possible to access nitrogen-substituted four-, five- and six-membered rings, all essential building blocks for the synthesis of bioactive molecules. Many natural products display a saturated polycyclic core allowing a well-defined arrangement of functional groups in space. As such, they can interact with biological targets with a high degree of affinity and selectivity, surpassing many synthetic drugs. Nevertheless, the efficient synthesis of such complex ring systems poses a challenge for organic chemistry. Through careful tuning of the electronic properties of a nitrogen donor group and a diester acceptor group, the first [3+2] annulation reaction between aminocyclopropanes and enol ethers or carbonyl compounds is now possible. The reaction proceeded under mild catalytic conditions, and the building blocks obtained can be found at the core of bioactive alkaloids, drugs such as Ramipril and biomolecules such as DNA and RNA. Thanks to the dynamic kinetic asymmetric annulation of aminocyclopropanes with enol ethers and aldehydes, access to enantioenriched compounds is also now possible. Lastly, a synthesis of donor-acceptor aminocyclobutanes via [2+2] cycloaddition using a cheap iron catalyst was developed, allowing them to be used in [4+2] annulations to access cyclohexylamines.

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Real-time Speech and Music Classification by Large Audio Feature Space Extraction

Florian Eyben

Springer International Publishing AG

2016

sidottu

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This book reports on an outstanding thesis that has significantly advanced the state-of-the-art in the automated analysis and classification of speech and music. It defines several standard acoustic parameter sets and describes their implementation in a novel, open-source, audio analysis framework called openSMILE, which has been accepted and intensively used worldwide. The book offers extensive descriptions of key methods for the automatic classification of speech and music signals in real-life conditions and reports on the evaluation of the framework developed and the acoustic parameter sets that were selected. It is not only intended as a manual for openSMILE users, but also and primarily as a guide and source of inspiration for students and scientists involved in the design of speech and music analysis methods that can robustly handle real-life conditions.

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Synthesis and Reactivity of Donor-Acceptor Substituted Aminocyclopropanes and Aminocyclobutanes

Florian de Nanteuil

Springer International Publishing AG

2016

nidottu

Vertaile hintoja

This thesis presents a general approach to accessing nitrogen-substituted hetero- and carbocycles. In short, the annulation reactions developed in the thesis make it possible to access nitrogen-substituted four-, five- and six-membered rings, all essential building blocks for the synthesis of bioactive molecules. Many natural products display a saturated polycyclic core allowing a well-defined arrangement of functional groups in space. As such, they can interact with biological targets with a high degree of affinity and selectivity, surpassing many synthetic drugs. Nevertheless, the efficient synthesis of such complex ring systems poses a challenge for organic chemistry. Through careful tuning of the electronic properties of a nitrogen donor group and a diester acceptor group, the first [3+2] annulation reaction between aminocyclopropanes and enol ethers or carbonyl compounds is now possible. The reaction proceeded under mild catalytic conditions, and the building blocks obtained can be found at the core of bioactive alkaloids, drugs such as Ramipril and biomolecules such as DNA and RNA. Thanks to the dynamic kinetic asymmetric annulation of aminocyclopropanes with enol ethers and aldehydes, access to enantioenriched compounds is also now possible. Lastly, a synthesis of donor-acceptor aminocyclobutanes via [2+2] cycloaddition using a cheap iron catalyst was developed, allowing them to be used in [4+2] annulations to access cyclohexylamines.

Vertaile hintoja

Catalysis with Supported Size-selected Pt Clusters

Florian Frank Schweinberger

Springer International Publishing AG

2016

nidottu

Vertaile hintoja

In his thesis, Florian Schweinberger investigates the influence of the precise size of catalytically active species on reactivity. In order to do this he carries out studies both in UHV and under ambient conditions for supported, size-selected Platium clusters (8-68 atoms). Schweinberger probed the electronic structure, adsorption properties and reactivity of two olefins on surfaces and Pt clusters in the submonolayer range. With adsorbed trichloroethene (TCE) a possible cluster-adsorbate induced change in the electronic structure, and for ethene a low-temperature, size-dependent self-/hydrogenation was observed.In a collaborative approach, Schweinberger and colleagues investigated Pt clusters under ambient pressure conditions. They characterised the clusters at at the local and integral level and tested for temperature stability. Experiments in gas phase ?-reactors and in liquid, as part of a hybrid photocatalytic system, revealed size-dependent reactivity.Overall this thesis is not only of interest for those who want to perform similar experiments but also provides superb scientific insights for researchers in the field.

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Statistical Theory of Heat

Florian Scheck

Springer International Publishing AG

2016

sidottu

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Scheck’s textbook starts with a concise introduction to classical thermodynamics, including geometrical aspects. Then a short introduction to probabilities and statistics lays the basis for the statistical interpretation of thermodynamics. Phase transitions, discrete models and the stability of matter are explained in great detail.Thermodynamics has a special role in theoretical physics. Due to the general approach of thermodynamics the field has as a bridging function between several areas like the theory of condensed matter, elementary particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. The classical thermodynamics describes predominantly averaged properties of matter, reaching from few particle systems and state of matter to stellar objects. Statistical Thermodynamics covers the same fields, but explores them in greater depth and unifies classical statistical mechanics with quantum theory of multiple particle systems.The content is presented as two tracks: thefast track for master students, providing the essentials, and the intensive track for all wanting to get in depth knowledge of the field. Clearly labelled material and sections guide students through the preferred level of treatment. Numerous problems and worked examples will provide successful access to Statistical Physics and Thermodynamics.

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The Electron Mass and Calcium Isotope Shifts

Florian Köhler-Langes

Springer International Publishing AG

2017

sidottu

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This thesis presents the first isotope-shift measurement of bound-electron g-factors of highly charged ions and determines the most precise value of the electron mass in atomic mass units, which exceeds the value in the literature by a factor of 13. As the lightest fundamental massive particle, the electron is one of nature’s few central building blocks. A precise knowledge of its intrinsic properties, such as its mass, is mandatory for the most accurate tests in physics - the Quantum Electrodynamics tests that describe one of the four established fundamental interactions in the universe. The underlying measurement principle combines a high-precision measurement of the Larmor-to-cyclotron frequency ratio on a single hydrogen-like carbon ion studied in a Penning trap with very accurate calculations of the so-called bound-electron g-factor. For the isotope-shift measurement, the bound-electron g-factors of two lithium-like calcium isotopes have been measured with relative uncertainties of a few 10^{-10}, constituting an as yet unrivaled level of precision for lithium-like ions.

Vertaile hintoja

Real-time Speech and Music Classification by Large Audio Feature Space Extraction

Florian Eyben

Springer International Publishing AG

2018

nidottu

Vertaile hintoja

This book reports on an outstanding thesis that has significantly advanced the state-of-the-art in the automated analysis and classification of speech and music. It defines several standard acoustic parameter sets and describes their implementation in a novel, open-source, audio analysis framework called openSMILE, which has been accepted and intensively used worldwide. The book offers extensive descriptions of key methods for the automatic classification of speech and music signals in real-life conditions and reports on the evaluation of the framework developed and the acoustic parameter sets that were selected. It is not only intended as a manual for openSMILE users, but also and primarily as a guide and source of inspiration for students and scientists involved in the design of speech and music analysis methods that can robustly handle real-life conditions.

Vertaile hintoja

Statistical Theory of Heat

Florian Scheck

Springer International Publishing AG

2018

nidottu

Vertaile hintoja

Scheck’s textbook starts with a concise introduction to classical thermodynamics, including geometrical aspects. Then a short introduction to probabilities and statistics lays the basis for the statistical interpretation of thermodynamics. Phase transitions, discrete models and the stability of matter are explained in great detail.Thermodynamics has a special role in theoretical physics. Due to the general approach of thermodynamics the field has as a bridging function between several areas like the theory of condensed matter, elementary particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. The classical thermodynamics describes predominantly averaged properties of matter, reaching from few particle systems and state of matter to stellar objects. Statistical Thermodynamics covers the same fields, but explores them in greater depth and unifies classical statistical mechanics with quantum theory of multiple particle systems.The content is presented as two tracks: thefast track for master students, providing the essentials, and the intensive track for all wanting to get in depth knowledge of the field. Clearly labelled material and sections guide students through the preferred level of treatment. Numerous problems and worked examples will provide successful access to Statistical Physics and Thermodynamics.

Vertaile hintoja

The Electron Mass and Calcium Isotope Shifts

Florian Köhler-Langes

Springer International Publishing AG

2018

nidottu

Vertaile hintoja

This thesis presents the first isotope-shift measurement of bound-electron g-factors of highly charged ions and determines the most precise value of the electron mass in atomic mass units, which exceeds the value in the literature by a factor of 13. As the lightest fundamental massive particle, the electron is one of nature’s few central building blocks. A precise knowledge of its intrinsic properties, such as its mass, is mandatory for the most accurate tests in physics - the Quantum Electrodynamics tests that describe one of the four established fundamental interactions in the universe. The underlying measurement principle combines a high-precision measurement of the Larmor-to-cyclotron frequency ratio on a single hydrogen-like carbon ion studied in a Penning trap with very accurate calculations of the so-called bound-electron g-factor. For the isotope-shift measurement, the bound-electron g-factors of two lithium-like calcium isotopes have been measured with relative uncertainties of a few 10^{-10}, constituting an as yet unrivaled level of precision for lithium-like ions.

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Quantum Mechanics Between Ontology and Epistemology

Florian J. Boge

Springer International Publishing AG

2018

sidottu

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This book explores the prospects of rivaling ontological and epistemic interpretations of quantum mechanics (QM). It concludes with a suggestion for how to interpret QM from an epistemological point of view and with a Kantian touch. It thus refines, extends, and combines existing approaches in a similar direction. The author first looks at current, hotly debated ontological interpretations. These include hidden variables-approaches, Bohmian mechanics, collapse interpretations, and the many worlds interpretation. He demonstrates why none of these ontological interpretations can claim to be the clear winner amongst its rivals. Next, coverage explores the possibility of interpreting QM in terms of knowledge but without the assumption of hidden variables. It examines QBism as well as Healey’s pragmatist view. The author finds both interpretations or programs appealing, but still wanting in certain respects. As a result, he then goes on to advance a genuine proposal as to how tointerpret QM from the perspective of an internal realism in the sense of Putnam and Kant. The book also includes two philosophical interludes. One details the notions of probability and realism. The other highlights the connections between the notions of locality, causality, and reality in the context of violations of Bell-type inequalities.

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