The role of Hilbert polynomials in commutative and homological algebra as well as in algebraic geometry and combinatorics is well known. A similar role in differential algebra is played by the differential dimension polynomials. The notion of differential dimension polynomial was introduced by E. Kolchin in 1964 [KoI64]' but the problems and ideas that had led to this notion (and that are reflected in this book) have essentially more long history. Actually, one can say that the differential dimension polynomial describes in exact terms the freedom degree of a dynamic system as well as the number of arbitrary constants in the general solution of a system of algebraic differential equations. The first attempts of such description were made at the end of 19th century by Jacobi [Ja890] who estimated the number of algebraically independent constants in the general solution of a system of linear ordinary differential equations. Later on, Jacobi's results were extended to some cases of nonlinear systems, but in general case the problem of such estimation (that is known as the problem of Jacobi's bound) remains open. There are some generalization of the problem of Jacobi's bound to the partial differential equations, but the results in this area are just appearing. At the beginning of the 20th century algebraic methods in the theory of differen tial equations were actively developed by F. Riquier [RiqlO] and M.
Spravochnik soderzhit teoreticheskie svedenija za ves shkolnyj kurs khimii, a takzhe prakticheskie zadanija s otvetami i pojasnenijami. Ves material izlozhen v nagljadnoj i dostupnoj forme, chto sposobstvuet bystromu usvoeniju bolshogo kolichestva informatsii. Izdanie okazhet pomosch starsheklassnikam pri podgotovke k OGE i EGE, urokam, razlichnym formam tekuschego i promezhutochnogo kontrolja.
Dlja prinjatija reshenij i upravlenija protsessami v firme pokazano postroenie ee matematicheskoj modeli, opisyvajuschej vzaimodejstvie strukturnykh podrazdelenij i sootvetstvujuschikh informatsionnykh, materialnykh i finansovykh potokov. Privedeno reshenie zadach kak otsenki effektivnosti investitsij dlja adaptatsii firmy k izmeneniju situatsii na rynke, tak i optimalnogo upravlenija firmoj v uslovijakh neopredelennosti. V sluchae nepolnoty informatsii o parametrakh i vektore sostojanija firmy, pri razlichnykh informatsionnykh predlozhenijakh o prirode netochnogo znanija privoditsja reshenie zadach optimalnogo otsenivanija i upravlenija. Dannoe posobie prodolzhaet posobie "Prinjatie reshenij: Matematicheskie osnovy. Staticheskie zadachi" (M., URSS) i prednaznacheno dlja studentov spetsialnostej "Prikladnaja matematika", "Prikladnaja matematika i informatika" i "Matematicheskie metody v ekonomike", drugikh ekonomicheskikh spetsialnostej, a takzhe dlja aspirantov. Upravljajuschie firm, analitiki smogut oznakomitsja s sovremennym instrumentom dlja analiza, adaptatsii, upravlenija firmoj pri izmenenii situatsii na rynke.
V uchebnom posobii izlagajutsja printsipialnye, uzlovye momenty istorii nauki i tekhniki na osnove sochetanija sotsialno-ekonomicheskogo i sotsialno-kulturnogo podkhodov. V nem ispolzuetsja vse pozitivnoe, nakoplennoe v otechestvennykh i zarubezhnykh istoriko-nauchnykh i istoriko-tekhnicheskikh issledovanijakh, v filosofii i metodologii nauki i tekhniki. V nem razvernuta panorama razvitija nauki i tekhniki ot prostejshikh orudij i ritualov pervobytnogo cheloveka do nanotekhnologii i Interneta.Uchebnoe posobie sootvetstvuet trebovanijam gosudarstvennogo standarta i prednaznacheno dlja studentov starshikh kursov, magistrantov i aspirantov vsekh napravlenij podgotovki; ono takzhe mozhet byt ispolzovano studentami kolledzhej, uchaschimisja starshikh klassov, vsemi, kto interesuetsja voprosami istorii nauki i tekhniki.
Uchebnik okhvatyvaet istoriju, literaturu i iskusstvo Velikobritanii s doistoricheskojepokhi do novejshego vremeni. Vpervye v ramkakh odnogo uchebnika predstavleny tri aspekta, traditsionno izuchaemykh na raznykh kursakh. Vse tri aspekta tesno vzaimosvjazany, i podcherknuteti vzaimosvjazi i vzaimovlijanija prizvana sistema perekrestnykh ssylok, ispolzuemajav uchebnike.Dlja studentov gumanitarnykh spetsialnostej i shirokogo kruga chitatelej, interesujuschikh-sja istoriej i kulturoj Velikobritanii.
V uchebnom posobii izlagajutsja printsipialnye, uzlovye momenty istorii nauki i tekhniki na osnove sochetanija sotsialno-ekonomicheskogo i sotsialno-kulturnogo podkhodov. V nem ispolzuetsja vse pozitivnoe, nakoplennoe v otechestvennykh i zarubezhnykh istoriko-nauchnykh i istoriko-tekhnicheskikh issledovanijakh, v filosofii i metodologii nauki i tekhniki. V nem razvernuta panorama razvitija nauki i tekhniki ot prostejshikh orudij i ritualov pervobytnogo cheloveka do nanotekhnologii i Interneta.Uchebnoe posobie sootvetstvuet trebovanijam gosudarstvennogo standarta i prednaznacheno dlja studentov starshikh kursov, magistrantov i aspirantov vsekh napravlenij podgotovki; ono takzhe mozhet byt ispolzovano studentami kolledzhej, uchaschimisja starshikh klassov, vsemi, kto interesuetsja voprosami istorii nauki i tekhniki.
V uchebnom posobii izlagajutsja printsipialnye, uzlovye momenty istorii nauki i tekhniki na osnove sochetanija sotsialno-ekonomicheskogo i sotsialno-kulturnogo podkhodov. V nem ispolzuetsja vse pozitivnoe, nakoplennoe v otechestvennykh i zarubezhnykh istoriko-nauchnykh i istoriko-tekhnicheskikh issledovanijakh, filosofii i metodologii nauki i tekhniki. V nem razvernuta panorama razvitija nauki i tekhniki ot prostejshikh orudij i ritualov pervobytnogo cheloveka do nanotekhnologii i Interneta.Uchebnoe posobie prednaznacheno dlja studentov kolledzhej, uchaschikhsja starshikh klassov, vsekh, kto interesuetsja voprosami istorii nauki i tekhniki.
Posobie sostavleno na osnovanii rabochikh programm po PM 01 "Provedenie profilakticheskikh meroprijatij", MDK 01.01 "Zdorovyj chelovek i ego okruzhenie"; PM 02 "Uchastie v lechebno-diagnosticheskom i reabilitatsionnom protsessakh", MDK 02.01 "Sestrinskij ukhod pri razlichnykh zabolevanijakh i sostojanijakh", razdel "Osobennosti okazanija sestrinskoj pomoschi detjam", a takzhe prikaza Ministerstva zdravookhranenija Rossijskoj Federatsii ot 22.12.1995 g. No 364 "O merakh po razvitiju meditsinskoj profilaktiki v Rossijskoj Federatsii".Tselju posobija javljaetsja obobschenie mnogoobraznykh aspektov raboty meditsinskogo personala detskoj polikliniki dlja organizatsii uchebnoj dejatelnosti studentov na teoreticheskikh zanjatijakh, a takzhe vo vremja uchebnoj praktiki.
The role of Hilbert polynomials in commutative and homological algebra as well as in algebraic geometry and combinatorics is well known. A similar role in differential algebra is played by the differential dimension polynomials. The notion of differential dimension polynomial was introduced by E. Kolchin in 1964 [KoI64]' but the problems and ideas that had led to this notion (and that are reflected in this book) have essentially more long history. Actually, one can say that the differential dimension polynomial describes in exact terms the freedom degree of a dynamic system as well as the number of arbitrary constants in the general solution of a system of algebraic differential equations. The first attempts of such description were made at the end of 19th century by Jacobi [Ja890] who estimated the number of algebraically independent constants in the general solution of a system of linear ordinary differential equations. Later on, Jacobi's results were extended to some cases of nonlinear systems, but in general case the problem of such estimation (that is known as the problem of Jacobi's bound) remains open. There are some generalization of the problem of Jacobi's bound to the partial differential equations, but the results in this area are just appearing. At the beginning of the 20th century algebraic methods in the theory of differen tial equations were actively developed by F. Riquier [RiqlO] and M.
The authors examine the reasons for the problems currently afflicting corporate America, particularly the loss of global competitive advantage, and review the track record of traditional strategic planning and portfolio management. The problems of recent years, they demonstrate, have been caused when managers neglect to consider the current economic environment when developing strategic plans. They go on to offer a systematic approach to addressing the structural problems of traditional portfolio planning and present concrete proposals for generating increased business, establishing horizontal relationships, increasing commitment through long-term planning, and incorporating prevailing economic conditions into the business plan. Finally, the authors present a workable management system for the implementation of portfolio strategies in turbulent economic times that focuses on optimal use of corporate resources. Numerous case studies and figures reinforce points made in the text.
In a timely and important contribution to the management literature, Louis Nevaer and Steven Deck take a careful, critical look at the various forms of corporate restructurings prevalent today-alliances, mergers, and acquisitions-and at their long-term implications for the structure of corporate America. Taking issue with those who see the takeover frenzy as revitalizing American industry, the authors argue that instead the takeover business is weakening American industry and accelerating America's decline in the global economy. They analyze the opportunity costs being incurred by both individual firms and the entire nation through the wave of takeover activity in the 1980s, demonstrating that the large debts taken on by corporate America to either finance or fend off takeovers has hampered America's ability to compete effectively in world markets. The authors then identify the essential criteria for a truly successful alliance, merger, or acquisition and suggest models for such restructurings in the future.Divided into five principal sections, the volume begins by examining the failure of current alliance, merger, and acquisition strategies. The authors discuss the economic effects of restructurings on stakeholders and employees and look at the post-acquisition financial performance of the new corporate entities. The next three sections present in-depth analyses of alliances, mergers, and acquisitions. For each type of restructuring, the authors identify and assess the management strategies commonly pursued and offer extended case-study examples of failed and successful strategies. In the final section, the authors point the way toward more effective strategic alliances. They explore selection strategies that can help ensure a successful alliance, discuss the critical area of market planning, and offer a model for the future based upon the real-world alliance between Vulcan Materials and Calizas Industriales del Carmen. Investment bankers, corporate executives, and mergers and acquisitions specialists will find this a balanced and constructive critique of the process of corporate restructuring that is today such an integral feature of the contemporary business scene.
The unprecedented global economic growth of recent decades is closely tied to the trading relations that have developed in the postwar period. The authors of The Protectionist Threat to Corporate America explore the potential impact of protectionism on these relationships, arguing that trade barriers pose a danger not only to U.S. economic growth but to world trade as a whole. Gearing their discussion to the needs of the business community, they offer a clear, systematic explanation of the underlying principles that govern international trade, the consequences of protectionism, and practical strategies for developing effective competition.The first four chapters examine the nature of trade, the power relations that influence it, and the dilemma created by trade deficits, monetary instability, and declining competitiveness. In the next section, Nevaer and Deck outline a four-point program designed to reverse the slippage in productivity and competitiveness that has eroded America's economic position in the world community. They present guidelines for creating a competitive advantage, maximizing strengths, utilizing a more dynamic management style, and harnessing the benefits of economies of scale and scope. In case studies of industries in the service sector and the high-tech field, Nevaer and Deck show how a competitive edge can be achieved by identifying opportunities and developing sound strategies for exploiting them. An important working tool for corporate managers, this book will enable business people to see beyond current political rhetoric and make realistic decisions on some of the most fundamental issues affecting the nation's economy.
