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Moral Issues in Mental Retardation
First published in 1985. Despite the vast number of books available on mental handicap, there had been little published about moral, philosophical or ethical issues. Yet such issues must be faced and indeed answered, either explicitly or implicitly, before any system of education or care for mentally handicapped people can be put into practice. This book reviews a number of issues in this field. Key topics addressed include: respect for retarded people; the notion of equal rights; terminating the lives of severely handicapped infants; and genetic engineering. With the current emphasis on recognising the rights and needs of the handicapped as individuals, this book should represent an important review and be of interest to all concerned with mentally handicapped people.
Moral Issues in Mental Retardation
First published in 1985. Despite the vast number of books available on mental handicap, there had been little published about moral, philosophical or ethical issues. Yet such issues must be faced and indeed answered, either explicitly or implicitly, before any system of education or care for mentally handicapped people can be put into practice. This book reviews a number of issues in this field. Key topics addressed include: respect for retarded people; the notion of equal rights; terminating the lives of severely handicapped infants; and genetic engineering. With the current emphasis on recognising the rights and needs of the handicapped as individuals, this book should represent an important review and be of interest to all concerned with mentally handicapped people.
Moral Education in Japan

Moral Education in Japan

Marie Roesgaard

Routledge
2018
nidottu
Japan’s Fundamental Law on Education was revised in 2006 and new curriculum guidelines along with new proposals for strengthening the position of moral education reflect the increased political focus, particularly by the two Abe-administrations. Changes include increased emphasis on patriotism, on respect for life and the environment, on individual responsibility, on respecting differences and other countries and on a general strengthening of moral values. This volume describes the history of moral education in Japan, analyses recent changes in curriculum and practices, and takes a closer look at examples of official, semi-official and local discourses on moral education and values. The analysis covers policy statements, teaching material and research, Japanese as well as Western. Using theories of globalization, cosmopolitanism and universal human values it is the intention, by using an Asian example, to illustrate and elaborate upon existing discourses within theories of globalization and cosmopolitanism as well as in education and values and citizenship studies.Chapters include: Revision of the fundamental law on Education in 2006 and beyond Official and semi-official bids for contents of moral education Moral education in practice Risk, globalization and meaning in Japanese Moral EducationThis book will be of interest to scholars specializing in education in Japan, and scholars in the academic field of moral, character and citizenship education.
Moral Skepticism
Moral skepticism is at present a vibrant topic of philosophical inquiry. Particularly since the turn of the millennium, the debates between moral skeptics of various stripes and their opponents have gained renewed force not only by taking account of innovative ideas in moral philosophy, but also by drawing on novel positions in epistemology, metaphysics, and philosophy of language as well as on recent findings in empirical sciences. As a result, new arguments for and against moral skepticism have been devised, while the traditional ones have been reexamined. This collection of original essays will advance the ongoing debates about various forms of moral skepticism by discussing such topics as error theory, disagreement, constructivism, non-naturalism, expressivism, fictionalism, and evolutionary debunking arguments. It will be a valuable resource for academics and advanced students working in metaethics and moral philosophy more generally.
Moral Education in Japan

Moral Education in Japan

Marie Roesgaard

Routledge
2016
sidottu
Japan’s Fundamental Law on Education was revised in 2006 and new curriculum guidelines along with new proposals for strengthening the position of moral education reflect the increased political focus, particularly by the two Abe-administrations. Changes include increased emphasis on patriotism, on respect for life and the environment, on individual responsibility, on respecting differences and other countries and on a general strengthening of moral values. This volume describes the history of moral education in Japan, analyses recent changes in curriculum and practices, and takes a closer look at examples of official, semi-official and local discourses on moral education and values. The analysis covers policy statements, teaching material and research, Japanese as well as Western. Using theories of globalization, cosmopolitanism and universal human values it is the intention, by using an Asian example, to illustrate and elaborate upon existing discourses within theories of globalization and cosmopolitanism as well as in education and values and citizenship studies.Chapters include: Revision of the fundamental law on Education in 2006 and beyond Official and semi-official bids for contents of moral education Moral education in practice Risk, globalization and meaning in Japanese Moral EducationThis book will be of interest to scholars specializing in education in Japan, and scholars in the academic field of moral, character and citizenship education.
Moral Development in Couple Therapy

Moral Development in Couple Therapy

Steven I. Ries

Routledge
2021
sidottu
This innovative text utilizes Kohlberg’s stages of moral development, demonstrating how they can be effectively applied to couple and marriage therapy.Facilitating moral stage development has been found to improve couples’ ability to relate to one another, enhancing trust, transparency, communication, and intimacy. Based on empirical research and Kohlberg’s classic stages of development, the book showcases the Conceptual Template, a tool for therapists to guide their clients in thinking more objectively about the reality being experienced, their own subjectivity, and how to work together as a couple to mindfully solve problems. With an extensive Instructional Manual as well as a transcript of the author teaching the Conceptual Template process to a therapist, Moral Development in Couple Therapy illustrates a highly practical approach to counseling that helps couples achieve a more rational level of moral judgment and reasoning.Filled with practical case studies and written in an accessible manner, this text is an indispensable resource for couple therapists and other mental health professionals working with couples to resolve conflict. .
Moral Development in Couple Therapy

Moral Development in Couple Therapy

Steven I. Ries

Routledge
2021
nidottu
This innovative text utilizes Kohlberg’s stages of moral development, demonstrating how they can be effectively applied to couple and marriage therapy.Facilitating moral stage development has been found to improve couples’ ability to relate to one another, enhancing trust, transparency, communication, and intimacy. Based on empirical research and Kohlberg’s classic stages of development, the book showcases the Conceptual Template, a tool for therapists to guide their clients in thinking more objectively about the reality being experienced, their own subjectivity, and how to work together as a couple to mindfully solve problems. With an extensive Instructional Manual as well as a transcript of the author teaching the Conceptual Template process to a therapist, Moral Development in Couple Therapy illustrates a highly practical approach to counseling that helps couples achieve a more rational level of moral judgment and reasoning.Filled with practical case studies and written in an accessible manner, this text is an indispensable resource for couple therapists and other mental health professionals working with couples to resolve conflict. .
Moral Theory and Climate Change

Moral Theory and Climate Change

Dale E. Miller; Ben Eggleston

Routledge
2020
nidottu
Climate change has become the most pressing moral and political problem of our time. Ethical theories help us think clearly and more fully about important moral and political issues. And yet, to date, there have been no books that have brought together a broad range of ethical theories to apply them systematically to the problems of climate change. This volume fills that deep need. Two preliminary chapters—an up-to-date synopsis of climate science and an overview of the ethical issues raised by climate change—set the stage. After this, ten leading ethicists in ten separate chapters each present a major ethical theory (or, more broadly, perspective) and discuss the implications of that view for how we decide to respond to a rapidly warming planet. Each chapter first provides a brief exposition of the view before working out what that theory “has to say” about climate change and our response to the problems it poses.Key features:• Up-to-date synopsis of climate science• Clear overviews of a wide range of ethical theories and perspectives by leading experts• Insightful discussions of the implications of these theories and perspectives for our response to climate change• A unique opportunity to assess the relative strengths and weaknesses of various ethical viewpoints.
Moral Rhetoric and the Criminalisation of Squatting
This collection of critical essays considers the criminalisation of squatting from a range of different theoretical, policy and practice perspectives. While the practice of squatting has long been criminalised in some jurisdictions, the last few years have witnessed the emergence of a newly constituted political concern with unlawful occupation of land. With initiatives to address the ‘threat’ of squatting sweeping across Europe, the offence of squatting in a residential building was created in England in 2012. This development, which has attracted a large measure of media attention, has been widely regarded as a controversial policy departure, with many commentators, Parliamentarians, and professional organisations arguing that its support is premised on misunderstandings of the current law and a precarious evidence-base concerning the nature and prevalence of ‘squatting’. Moral Rhetoric and the Criminalisation of Squatting explores the significance of measures to criminalise squatting for squatters, owners and communities. The book also interrogates wider themes that draw on political philosophy, social policy, criminal justice and the nature of ownership, to consider how the assimilation of squatting to a contemporary punitive turn is shaping the political, social, legal and moral landscapes of property, housing and crime.
Moral Theory and Climate Change

Moral Theory and Climate Change

Dale E. Miller; Ben Eggleston

Routledge
2020
sidottu
Climate change has become the most pressing moral and political problem of our time. Ethical theories help us think clearly and more fully about important moral and political issues. And yet, to date, there have been no books that have brought together a broad range of ethical theories to apply them systematically to the problems of climate change. This volume fills that deep need. Two preliminary chapters—an up-to-date synopsis of climate science and an overview of the ethical issues raised by climate change—set the stage. After this, ten leading ethicists in ten separate chapters each present a major ethical theory (or, more broadly, perspective) and discuss the implications of that view for how we decide to respond to a rapidly warming planet. Each chapter first provides a brief exposition of the view before working out what that theory “has to say” about climate change and our response to the problems it poses.Key features:• Up-to-date synopsis of climate science• Clear overviews of a wide range of ethical theories and perspectives by leading experts• Insightful discussions of the implications of these theories and perspectives for our response to climate change• A unique opportunity to assess the relative strengths and weaknesses of various ethical viewpoints.
Moral Agency and the Politics of Responsibility
At a time when globalization has side-lined many of the traditional, state-based addressees of legal accountability, it is not clear yet how blame is allocated and contested in the new, highly differentiated, multi-actor governance arrangements of the global economy and world society. Moral Agency and the Politics of Responsibility investigates how actors in complex governance arrangements assign responsibilities to order the world and negotiate who is responsible for what and how.The book asks how moral duties can be defined beyond the territorial and legal confines of the nation-state; and how obligations and accountability mechanisms for a post-national world, in which responsibility remains vague, ambiguous and contested, can be established. Using an empirical as well as a theoretical perspective, the book explores ontological framings of complexity emphasizing emergence and non-linearity, which challenge classic liberal notions of responsibility and moral agency based on the autonomous subject. Moral Agency and the Politics of Responsibility is perfect for scholars from International Relations, Politics, Philosophy and Political Economy with an interest in the topical and increasingly popular topics of moral agency and complexity.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivatives (CC-BY-ND) 4.0 license.
Moral Responsibility and Alternative Possibilities
This book explores an important issue within the free will debate: the relation between free will and moral responsibility. In his seminal article 'Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility', Harry Frankfurt launched a vigorous attack on the standard conception of that relation, questioning the claim that a person is morally responsible for what she has done only if she could have done otherwise. Since then, Frankfurt's thesis has been at the center of philosophical discussions on free will and moral responsibility. Moral Responsibility and Alternative Possibilities, edited by David Widerker and Michael McKenna, draws together the most recent work on Frankfurt's thesis by leading theorists in the area of free will and responsibility. As the majority of the essays appear here for the first time, Moral Responsibility and Alternative Possibilities offers the newest developments in this important debate.
Moral Responsibility and Alternative Possibilities
This book was publuished in 2003. This book explores an important issue within the free will debate: the relation between free will and moral responsibility. In his seminal article "Alternate Possibilities and Moral Responsibility", Harry Frankfurt launched a vigorous attack on the standard conception of that relation, questioning the claim that a person is morally responsible for what she has done only if she could have done otherwise. Since then, Frankfurt's thesis has been at the center of philosophical discussions on free will and moral responsibility. "Moral Responsibility and Alternative Possibilities", edited by David Widerker and Michael McKenna, draws together the most recent work on Frankfurt's thesis by leading theorists in the area of free will and responsibility. As the majority of the essays appear here for the first time, "Moral Responsibility and Alternative Possibilities" offers the newest developments in this important debate.
Moral Injury and Beyond
Moral Injury and Beyond: Understanding Human Anguish and Healing Traumatic Wounds uniquely brings together a prominent collection of international contributors from the fields of psychiatry, psychology, philosophy, theology, military chaplaincy and acute crisis care to address the phenomenon of moral injury. Introduced in the 1990s to refer to a type of psychological trauma, experienced especially by soldiers who felt that their actions transgressed the expected moral norms, this innovative volume provides a timely update that progresses and redefines the field of moral injury.The ten ground-breaking essays expand our understanding of moral injury beyond its original military context, arguing that it can fruitfully be applied to and address predicaments most persons face in their daily lives. Approaching moral injury from different perspectives, the contributors focus on the experiences of combat veterans and other survivors of violent forms of adversity. The chapters address thought-provoking questions and topics, such as how survivors can regain their hope and faith, and how they can, in time, explore ways that will lead them to grow through their suffering. Exploring moral injury with a particular emphasis on spirituality, the early Church Fathers form the framework within which several chapters examine moral injury, articulating a new perspective on this important subject. The insights advanced are not limited to theoretical innovations but also include practical methods of dealing with the effects of moral injury. This pioneering collection will be essential resource for mental health practitioners and trainees working with people suffering from severe trauma. Due to its interdisciplinary nature, it will be useful not only to those academics and professionals engaged with moral injury but will be a source of inspiration for any perceptive student of the complexities and dilemmas of modern life, especially as it interfaces with issues of mental health and spirituality. It will also be invaluable to academics and students of Jungian psychology, theology, philosophy and history interested in war, migration and the impact of extreme forms of adversity.
Moral Injury and Beyond
Moral Injury and Beyond: Understanding Human Anguish and Healing Traumatic Wounds uniquely brings together a prominent collection of international contributors from the fields of psychiatry, psychology, philosophy, theology, military chaplaincy and acute crisis care to address the phenomenon of moral injury. Introduced in the 1990s to refer to a type of psychological trauma, experienced especially by soldiers who felt that their actions transgressed the expected moral norms, this innovative volume provides a timely update that progresses and redefines the field of moral injury.The ten ground-breaking essays expand our understanding of moral injury beyond its original military context, arguing that it can fruitfully be applied to and address predicaments most persons face in their daily lives. Approaching moral injury from different perspectives, the contributors focus on the experiences of combat veterans and other survivors of violent forms of adversity. The chapters address thought-provoking questions and topics, such as how survivors can regain their hope and faith, and how they can, in time, explore ways that will lead them to grow through their suffering. Exploring moral injury with a particular emphasis on spirituality, the early Church Fathers form the framework within which several chapters examine moral injury, articulating a new perspective on this important subject. The insights advanced are not limited to theoretical innovations but also include practical methods of dealing with the effects of moral injury. This pioneering collection will be essential resource for mental health practitioners and trainees working with people suffering from severe trauma. Due to its interdisciplinary nature, it will be useful not only to those academics and professionals engaged with moral injury but will be a source of inspiration for any perceptive student of the complexities and dilemmas of modern life, especially as it interfaces with issues of mental health and spirituality. It will also be invaluable to academics and students of Jungian psychology, theology, philosophy and history interested in war, migration and the impact of extreme forms of adversity.
Moral Development

Moral Development

William Kay

Routledge
2017
sidottu
Although the work of Piaget dealt with the intellectual development of children, and that of Goldman with a child’s religious thought, there had hitherto been no comparable book on child morality to complete the developmental picture of the time. Originally published in 1968 William Kay’s book was designed to fill this gap, for he offers a complete description of the moral growth of children from infancy to adolescence. Dr Kay was writing specifically for students and practising teachers and carefully avoids specialist jargon where ordinary terms suffice. He concludes that the findings of research into attitude formation and change could provide teachers with those techniques to help their pupils become morally mature members of society. His book contains a valuable analysis of the development of ideas concerning moral growth, and is a bold contribution to the problems of moral education.
Moral Development

Moral Development

William Kay

Routledge
2019
nidottu
Although the work of Piaget dealt with the intellectual development of children, and that of Goldman with a child’s religious thought, there had hitherto been no comparable book on child morality to complete the developmental picture of the time. Originally published in 1968 William Kay’s book was designed to fill this gap, for he offers a complete description of the moral growth of children from infancy to adolescence. Dr Kay was writing specifically for students and practising teachers and carefully avoids specialist jargon where ordinary terms suffice. He concludes that the findings of research into attitude formation and change could provide teachers with those techniques to help their pupils become morally mature members of society. His book contains a valuable analysis of the development of ideas concerning moral growth, and is a bold contribution to the problems of moral education.
Moral Rationalism and Shari'a

Moral Rationalism and Shari'a

Ali-Reza Bhojani

Routledge
2015
sidottu
Moral Rationalism and Shari'a is the first attempt at outlining the scope for a theological reading of Shari'a, based on a critical examination of why 'Adliyya theological ethics have not significantly impacted Shi'i readings of Shari'a. Within Shi'i works of Shari 'a legal theory (usul al-fiqh) there is a theoretical space for reason as an independent source of normativity alongside the Qur’an and the Prophetic tradition. The position holds that humans are capable of understanding moral values independently of revelation. Describing themselves as 'Adliyya (literally the people of Justice), this allows the Shi 'a, who describe themselves as 'Adiliyya (literally, the People of Justice), to attribute a substantive rational conception of justice to God, both in terms of His actions and His regulative instructions. Despite the Shi'i adoption of this moral rationalism, independent judgments of rational morality play little or no role in the actual inference of Shari 'a norms within mainstream contemporary Shi'i thought. Through a close examination of the notion of independent rationality as a source in modern Shi'i usul al-fiqh, the obstacles preventing this moral rationalism from impacting the understanding of Shari 'a are shown to be purely epistemic. In line with the ‘emic’ (insider) approach adopted, these epistemic obstacles are revisited identifying the scope for allowing a reading of Shari'a that is consistent with the fundamental moral rationalism of Shi'i thought. It is argued that judgments of rational morality, even when not definitively certain, cannot be ignored in the face of the apparent meaning of texts that are themselves also not certain. An 'Adliyya reading of Shari'a demands that the strength of independent rational evidence be reconciled against the strength of any other apparently conflicting evidence, such that independent judgments of rational morality act as a condition for the validity of precepts attributed to a just and moral God.
Moral Responsibility and the Problem of Many Hands

Moral Responsibility and the Problem of Many Hands

Ibo van de Poel; Lambèr Royakkers; Sjoerd D. Zwart

Routledge
2015
sidottu
When many people are involved in an activity, it is often difficult, if not impossible, to pinpoint who is morally responsible for what, a phenomenon known as the ‘problem of many hands.’ This term is increasingly used to describe problems with attributing individual responsibility in collective settings in such diverse areas as public administration, corporate management, law and regulation, technological development and innovation, healthcare, and finance. This volume provides an in-depth philosophical analysis of this problem, examining the notion of moral responsibility and distinguishing between different normative meanings of responsibility, both backward-looking (accountability, blameworthiness, and liability) and forward-looking (obligation, virtue). Drawing on the relevant philosophical literature, the authors develop a coherent conceptualization of the problem of many hands, taking into account the relationship, and possible tension, between individual and collective responsibility. This systematic inquiry into the problem of many hands pertains to discussions about moral responsibility in a variety of applied settings.
Moral Sense

Moral Sense

James Bonar

Routledge
2015
nidottu
This is Volume III in a series of twelve in a collection on Ethics. Originally published in 1930. The rise, progress, and decline of a theory of moral philosophy which prevailed in this country for the greater part of the eighteenth century. Founded by Shaftesbury, and built up by Hutcheson, it derived our moral perceptions from a special Moral Sense, interpreted on the analogy of the Five Bodily Senses. The book attempts an account of those two leaders, and of their principal followers and critics. The followers include the doubtful supporter David Hume; the critics Adam Smith and Immanuel Kant.