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1000 tulosta hakusanalla Ray Perman

Man Ray

Man Ray

SILVANA
2026
sidottu
A visionary and multifaceted artist, Man Ray is a leading figure in 20th-century art history. Photographer, painter, draftsman, filmmaker, and object-maker defined by rare creative freedom, he turned every medium into a field of experimentation. Born Emmanuel Radnitzky in Philadelphia in 1890, he soon immersed himself in New York’s avant-garde scene, where he met and formed a close bond with Marcel Duchamp, eventually joining him in Paris in 1921. There, he became a key player in the Dada, then Surrealist movements. He revolutionised photography, elevating it to a full-fledged art form, with iconic works like Le Violon d’Ingres and Noire et blanche. The formal audacity and poetic visual language he brought to fashion photography continue to inspire creatives to this day. A tireless experimenter, he invented “rayographs”, rediscovered solarisation and as an avant-garde filmmaker he transformed the image into pure sensation. Man Ray embodies the free, transgressive, and elusive artist. His body of work, imbued with humour, strangeness, and eroticism, defies categorisation and celebrates the power of imagination. Includes texts by: Robert Rocca, Pierre-Yves Butzbach, Raffaella Perna. Text in English and Italian.
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Satyajit Ray

Satyajit Ray

Insight Publica
2020
pokkari
അമര്]ത്യാസെന്]/അടൂര്] ഗോപാലകൃഷ്ണന്] സന്ദീപ് റായ്/സി.വി. ബാലകൃഷ്ണൻ മാങ്ങാട് രത്നാകരൻ/നിമായ് ഘോഷ് വി. രാജകൃഷ്ണന്]/വിജയകൃഷ്ണന്]/ഐ. ഷണ്]മുഖദാസ് ജാനകി/ജി.പി. രാമചന്ദ്രന്]/ബ്ലയിസ് ജോണി സി.എസ്. വെങ്കിടേശ്വരന്]/വി. വിജയകുമാര്] ഒ.കെ. ജോണി/എസ്. ഗോപാലകൃഷ്ണന്]/വിപിന്] വിജയ് വി.കെ. ചെറിയാന്]/രാഹുല്] രാധാകൃഷ്ണന്]
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An Introduction to Ray Tracing

An Introduction to Ray Tracing

Morgan Kaufmann Publishers In
1989
sidottu
The creation of ever more realistic 3-D images is central to the development of computer graphics. The ray tracing technique has become one of the most popular and powerful means by which photo-realistic images can now be created. The simplicity, elegance and ease of implementation makes ray tracing an essential part of understanding and exploiting state-of-the-art computer graphics. An Introduction to Ray Tracing develops from fundamental principles to advanced applications, providing "how-to" procedures as well as a detailed understanding of the scientific foundations of ray tracing. It is also richly illustrated with four-color and black-and-white plates. This is a book which will be welcomed by all concerned with modern computer graphics, image processing, and computer-aided design.
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Methods of X-ray and Neutron Scattering in Polymer Science

Methods of X-ray and Neutron Scattering in Polymer Science

Ryong-Joon Roe

Oxford University Press Inc
2000
sidottu
This book presents the basic theories underlying x-ray and neutron scattering, as well as the various techniques that have been developed for their application to the study of polymers. The two scattering methods are discussed together from the beginning, so as to allow readers to gain a unified view of the scattering phenomena. The book is introductory and may be used as a textbook in polumer science class or for self-study by polymer scientists new in scattering techniques.
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Dynamical Theory of X-Ray Diffraction

Dynamical Theory of X-Ray Diffraction

André Authier

Oxford University Press
2003
nidottu
The dynamical theory of diffraction has witnessed exciting developments since the advent of synchroton radiation. This book provides an up-to-date account of the theory of diffraction and its applications. The first part serves as an introduction to the subject, presenting early developments and the basic results. It is followed by a detailed development of the diffraction and propagation properties of x-rays in perfect crystals and by an extension of the theory to the case of slightly and highly deformed crystals. The last part gives three applications of the theory: X-ray optics for synchroton radiation, locations of atoms at surfaces, and X-ray diffraction topography. The book is richly illustrated and contains a wide range of references to the literature. It will be a most useful reference work for graduate students, lecturers and researchers.
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Dynamical Theory of X-Ray Diffraction

Dynamical Theory of X-Ray Diffraction

André Authier

Oxford University Press
2001
sidottu
The dynamical theory of diffraction has witnessed exciting developments since the advent of synchrotron radiation. The present book is an up-to-date account of the theory of diffraction and its applications. The first part serves as an introduction to the subject, presenting the early developments and the basic results. It is followed by a detailed development of the diffraction and propagation properties of x-rays in perfect crystals and by an extension of the theory to the case of slightly and highly deformed crystals. The last part gives three applications of the theory: X-ray optics for synchrotron radiation, locations of atoms at surfaces, and X-ray diffraction topography. The book is richly illustrated and contains a wide range of references to the literature. It will be a useful reference work for graduate students, lecturers, and researchers.
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Coherent X-Ray Optics

Coherent X-Ray Optics

David Paganin

Oxford University Press
2006
sidottu
This book gives a thorough treatment of the rapidly-expanding field of coherent x-ray optics, which has recently experienced something of a renaissance with the availability of third-generation synchrotron sources. It is the first book of its kind. The author begins with a treatment of the fundamentals of x-ray diffraction for both coherent and partially coherent radiation, together with the interactions of x-rays with matter. X-ray sources, optics elements and detectors are then discussed, with an emphasis on their role in coherent x-ray optics. Various facets of coherent x-ray imaging are then discussed, including holography, interferometry, self imaging, phase contrast and phase retrieval. Lastly, the foundations of the new field of singular x-ray optics are examined. Most topics are developed from first principles, with numerous references given to the contemporary research literature. This book will be useful to x-ray physicists and students, together with optical physicists and engineers who wish to learn more about the fascinating subject of coherent x-ray optics.
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Basic X-Ray Scattering for Soft Matter

Basic X-Ray Scattering for Soft Matter

Wim H. de Jeu

Oxford University Press
2016
sidottu
X-ray scattering is a well-established technique in materials science. Several excellent textbooks exist in this field, but these texts are typically written by physicists who use mathematics to make things clear. Consequently these books appeal less to students and scientists in the field of soft matter (polymers, liquid crystals, colloids, self-assembled organic systems) who usually have a more chemical-oriented background with limited mathematics. Moreover, they need to know about the technique of x-ray scattering, but do not intend to become an expert. The aim of this book is to explain basic principles and applications of x-ray scattering in a simple way using many practical examples followed by more elaborate case studies. The book contains a separate chapter on the different types of order/disorder in soft matter that play such an important role in modern self-assembling systems. Finally the last chapter treats soft matter surfaces and thin film that are increasingly used in coatings and in many technological applications, such as liquid crystal displays and nanostructured block copolymer films. This book has been written for the large community of soft matter students and scientists.
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Basic X-Ray Scattering for Soft Matter

Basic X-Ray Scattering for Soft Matter

Wim H. de Jeu

Oxford University Press
2016
nidottu
X-ray scattering is a well-established technique in materials science. Several excellent textbooks exist in this field, but these texts are typically written by physicists who use mathematics to make things clear. Consequently these books appeal less to students and scientists in the field of soft matter (polymers, liquid crystals, colloids, self-assembled organic systems) who usually have a more chemical-oriented background with limited mathematics. Moreover, they need to know about the technique of x-ray scattering, but do not intend to become an expert. The aim of this book is to explain basic principles and applications of x-ray scattering in a simple way using many practical examples followed by more elaborate case studies. The book contains a separate chapter on the different types of order/disorder in soft matter that play such an important role in modern self-assembling systems. Finally the last chapter treats soft matter surfaces and thin film that are increasingly used in coatings and in many technological applications, such as liquid crystal displays and nanostructured block copolymer films. This book has been written for the large community of soft matter students and scientists.
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Early Days of X-ray Crystallography

Early Days of X-ray Crystallography

André Authier

Oxford University Press
2015
nidottu
The year 2012 marked the centenary of one of the most significant discoveries of the early twentieth century, the discovery of X-ray diffraction (March 1912, by Laue, Friedrich and Knipping) and of Bragg's law (November 1912). The discovery of X-ray diffraction confirmed the wave nature of X-rays and the space-lattice hypothesis. It had two major consequences: the analysis of the structure of atoms, and the determination of the atomic structure of materials. This had a momentous impact in chemistry, physics, mineralogy, material science, biology and X-ray spectroscopy. The book relates the discovery itself, the early days of X-ray crystallography, and the way the news of the discovery spread round the world. It explains how the first crystal structures were determined by William Bragg and his son Lawrence, and recounts which were the early applications of X-ray crystallography in chemistry, mineralogy, materials science, physics, biological sciences and X-ray spectroscopy. It also tells how the concept of space lattice developed since ancient times up to the nineteenth century, and how our conception of the nature of light has changed over time. The contributions of the main actors of the story, prior to the discovery, at the time of the discovery and immediately afterwards, are described through their writings and are put into the context of the time, accompanied by brief biographical details. This thoroughly researched account on the multiple faces of a scientific specialty, X-ray crystallography, is aimed both at the scientists, who rarely subject the historical material of past discoveries in their field to particular scrutiny with regard to the historical details and at the historians of science who often lack the required expert knowledge to scrutinize the involved technical content in sufficient depth (M. Eckert - Metascience).
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Small Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering from Solutions of Biological Macromolecules

Small Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering from Solutions of Biological Macromolecules

Dmitri I. Svergun; Michel H. J. Koch; Peter A. Timmins; Roland P. May

Oxford University Press
2020
nidottu
Small-angle scattering of X-rays (SAXS) and neutrons (SANS) is an established method for the structural characterization of biological objects in a broad size range from individual macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, lipids) to large macromolecular complexes. SAXS/SANS is complementary to the high resolution methods of X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance, allowing for hybrid modeling and also accounting for available biophysical and biochemical data. Quantitative characterization of flexible macromolecular systems and mixtures has recently become possible. SAXS/SANS measurements can be easily performed in different conditions by adding ligands or binding partners, and by changing physical and/or chemical characteristics of the solvent to provide information on the structural responses. The technique provides kinetic information about processes like folding and assembly and also allows one to analyze macromolecular interactions. The major factors promoting the increasingly active use of SAXS/SANS are modern high brilliance X-ray and neutron sources, novel data analysis methods, and automation of the experiment, data processing and interpretation. In this book, following the presentation of the basics of scattering from isotropic macromolecular solutions, modern instrumentation, experimental practice and advanced analysis techniques are explained. Advantages of X-rays (rapid data collection, small sample volumes) and of neutrons (contrast variation by hydrogen/deuterium exchange) are specifically highlighted. Examples of applications of the technique to different macromolecular systems are considered with specific emphasis on the synergistic use of SAXS/SANS with other structural, biophysical and computational techniques.
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Diffuse X-ray Scattering and Models of Disorder

Diffuse X-ray Scattering and Models of Disorder

T.R. Welberry

Oxford University Press
2022
sidottu
Diffuse X-ray scattering is a rich source of local structural information over and above that obtained by conventional crystal structure determination. The main aim of the book is to show how computer simulation of a model crystal provides a general method by which diffuse scattering of all kinds and from all types of materials can be interpreted and analysed. Since the first edition was published in 2004 there have been major improvements both in the experimental methods for recording diffuse scattering and in our ability to analyse it. The advent of new and better detectors means that fully 3-dimensional diffuse scattering data can be collected routinely for even quite small samples and computational power that is now available has continued its upward trend, meaning modelling calculations inconceivable in 2004 are now routine. The final part of the book traces these recent developments and outlines their future potential in the field.
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Small Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering from Solutions of Biological Macromolecules

Small Angle X-Ray and Neutron Scattering from Solutions of Biological Macromolecules

Dmitri I. Svergun; Michel H. J. Koch; Peter A. Timmins; Roland P. May

Oxford University Press
2013
sidottu
Small-angle scattering of X-rays (SAXS) and neutrons (SANS) is an established method for the structural characterization of biological objects in a broad size range from individual macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, lipids) to large macromolecular complexes. SAXS/SANS is complementary to the high resolution methods of X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance, allowing for hybrid modeling and also accounting for available biophysical and biochemical data. Quantitative characterization of flexible macromolecular systems and mixtures has recently become possible. SAXS/SANS measurements can be easily performed in different conditions by adding ligands or binding partners, and by changing physical and/or chemical characteristics of the solvent to provide information on the structural responses. The technique provides kinetic information about processes like folding and assembly and also allows one to analyze macromolecular interactions. The major factors promoting the increasingly active use of SAXS/SANS are modern high brilliance X-ray and neutron sources, novel data analysis methods, and automation of the experiment, data processing and interpretation. In this book, following the presentation of the basics of scattering from isotropic macromolecular solutions, modern instrumentation, experimental practice and advanced analysis techniques are explained. Advantages of X-rays (rapid data collection, small sample volumes) and of neutrons (contrast variation by hydrogen/deuterium exchange) are specifically highlighted. Examples of applications of the technique to different macromolecular systems are considered with specific emphasis on the synergistic use of SAXS/SANS with other structural, biophysical and computational techniques.
Vertaile hintoja
Early Days of X-ray Crystallography

Early Days of X-ray Crystallography

André Authier

Oxford University Press
2013
sidottu
2012 marked the centenary of one of the most significant discoveries of the early twentieth century, the discovery of X-ray diffraction (March 1912, by Laue, Friedrich, and Knipping) and of Bragg's law (November 1912). The discovery of X-ray diffraction confirmed the wave nature of X-rays and the space-lattice hypothesis. It had two major consequences: the analysis of the structure of atoms, and the determination of the atomic structure of materials. The momentous impact of the discovery in the fields of chemistry, physics, mineralogy, material science, biochemistry and biotechnology has been recognized by the General Assembly of the United Nations by establishing 2014 as the International Year of Crystallography. This book relates the discovery itself, the early days of X-ray crystallography, and the way the news of the discovery spread round the world. It explains how the first crystal structures were determined, and recounts which were the early applications of X-ray crystallography. It also tells how the concept of space lattice has developed since ancient times, and how our understanding of the nature of light has changed over time. The contributions of the main actors of the story, prior to the discovery, at the time of the discovery and immediately afterwards, are described through their writings and are put into the context of the time, accompanied by brief biographical details.
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