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1000 tulosta hakusanalla Pekka Suvanto; trans Roderick Fletcher

Sobolev Spaces on Metric Measure Spaces

Sobolev Spaces on Metric Measure Spaces

Juha Heinonen; Pekka Koskela; Nageswari Shanmugalingam; Jeremy T. Tyson

Cambridge University Press
2015
sidottu
Analysis on metric spaces emerged in the 1990s as an independent research field providing a unified treatment of first-order analysis in diverse and potentially nonsmooth settings. Based on the fundamental concept of upper gradient, the notion of a Sobolev function was formulated in the setting of metric measure spaces supporting a Poincaré inequality. This coherent treatment from first principles is an ideal introduction to the subject for graduate students and a useful reference for experts. It presents the foundations of the theory of such first-order Sobolev spaces, then explores geometric implications of the critical Poincaré inequality, and indicates numerous examples of spaces satisfying this axiom. A distinguishing feature of the book is its focus on vector-valued Sobolev spaces. The final chapters include proofs of several landmark theorems, including Cheeger's stability theorem for Poincaré inequalities under Gromov–Hausdorff convergence, and the Keith–Zhong self-improvement theorem for Poincaré inequalities.
Liberty, Equality, Power

Liberty, Equality, Power

John Murrin; Pekka Hämäläinen; Paul Johnson; Denver Brunsman; James McPherson; Alice Fahs; Gary Gerstle; Emily Rosenberg; Norman Rosenberg

Wadsworth Publishing Co Inc
2015
nidottu
Understanding the past helps us navigate the present and future. This book teaches readers about American history and exposes them to movies and other forms of popular culture that tell the stories of the nation's past. A highly respected and thoroughly modern approach to U.S. history, LIBERTY, EQUALITY, POWER, Seventh Edition, shows how the United States was transformed, in a relatively short time, from a land inhabited by hunter-gatherer and agricultural Native American societies into the most powerful industrial nation on Earth. This approach helps readers understand the impact of the notions of liberty and equality, which are often associated with the American story, and recognize how dominant and subordinate groups have affected and been affected by the ever-shifting balance of power.
Cengage Advantage Books: Liberty, Equality, Power

Cengage Advantage Books: Liberty, Equality, Power

John Murrin; Pekka Hämäläinen; Paul Johnson; Denver Brunsman; James McPherson; Alice Fahs; Gary Gerstle; Emily Rosenberg; Norman Rosenberg

Wadsworth Publishing Co Inc
2015
nidottu
Developed to meet the demand for a low-cost, high-quality history book, this economically priced version of LIBERTY, EQUALITY, POWER, 7th Edition offers the complete narrative while limiting the number of features, photos, and maps. All volumes feature a paperback, two-color format that appeals to those seeking a comprehensive, trade-sized history text. A highly respected, balanced, and thoroughly modern approach to U.S. History, LIBERTY, EQUALITY, POWER uses these three themes in a unique approach to show how the United States was transformed, in a relatively short time, from a land inhabited by hunter-gatherer and agricultural Native American societies into the most powerful industrial nation on earth. This approach helps readers understand not only the impact of the notions of liberty and equality, which are often associated with the American story, but also how dominant and subordinate groups have affected and been affected by the ever-shifting balance of power. The text integrates the best of recent social and cultural scholarship into a political story, offering readers a comprehensive and complete understanding of American history.
Cengage Advantage Books: Liberty, Equality, Power

Cengage Advantage Books: Liberty, Equality, Power

John Murrin; Pekka Hämäläinen; Paul Johnson; Denver Brunsman; James McPherson; Alice Fahs; Gary Gerstle; Emily Rosenberg; Norman Rosenberg

Wadsworth Publishing Co Inc
2015
nidottu
Developed to meet the demand for a low-cost, high-quality history book, this economically priced version of LIBERTY, EQUALITY, POWER, 7th Edition offers the complete narrative while limiting the number of features, photos, and maps. All volumes feature a paperback, two-color format that appeals to those seeking a comprehensive, trade-sized history text. A highly respected, balanced, and thoroughly modern approach to U.S. History, LIBERTY, EQUALITY, POWER uses these three themes in a unique approach to show how the United States was transformed, in a relatively short time, from a land inhabited by hunter-gatherer and agricultural Native American societies into the most powerful industrial nation on earth. This approach helps readers understand not only the impact of the notions of liberty and equality, which are often associated with the American story, but also how dominant and subordinate groups have affected and been affected by the ever-shifting balance of power. The text integrates the best of recent social and cultural scholarship into a political story, offering readers a comprehensive and complete understanding of American history.
Breaking the Nordic Defense Deadlock

Breaking the Nordic Defense Deadlock

Stefan Forss; Pekka Holopainen; Strategic Studies Institute; U.S. Army War College

Lulu.com
2015
nidottu
The Nordic states, just as other regions of Europe which neighbor Russia, are engaged in an urgent reexamination of their security and defense posture. Events in Ukraine in early-2014 threw into sharp focus a local lack of capability following decades of drawdowns and focus on crisis management operations instead of territorial defense. After an unpleasant awakening, countries in the region have turned their attention to the heightened security risks they face and their lack of preparedness for them. In an era of continuing austerity, the challenge for these states is how to design a working security and defense solution in the short and medium term which is both robust enough to survive in isolation, but also capable of being merged into a bigger framework such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) when the time is ripe.
Liberty, Equality, Power

Liberty, Equality, Power

John Murrin; Pekka Hämäläinen; Paul Johnson; Denver Brunsman; James McPherson; Alice Fahs; Gary Gerstle; Emily Rosenberg; Norman Rosenberg

Wadsworth Publishing Co Inc
2019
sidottu
History isn't about memorizing names and dates. Understanding the past can help you navigate the present and future--and LIBERTY, EQUALITY, POWER, Enhanced 7th Edition is the book to guide you. It teaches you about American history, in part by introducing you to movies (really!) and other forms of popular culture that tell the stories of the nation's past. It shows you how the United States was transformed from a land inhabited by hunter-gatherer and agricultural Native American societies into the most powerful industrial nation on Earth. You'll learn about the impact of the notions of liberty and equality as well as about how dominant and subordinate groups have fared in the ever-shifting balance of power. Learning aids help you get through the material, retain the most important concepts and prep for exams (whew)!
Optimal Control from Theory to Computer Programs

Optimal Control from Theory to Computer Programs

Viorel Arnautu; Pekka Neittaanmäki

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2003
sidottu
The aim of this book is to present the mathematical theory and the know-how to make computer programs for the numerical approximation of Optimal Control of PDE's. The computer programs are presented in a straightforward generic language. As a consequence they are well structured, clearly explained and can be translated easily into any high level programming language. Applications and corresponding numerical tests are also given and discussed. To our knowledge, this is the first book to put together mathematics and computer programs for Optimal Control in order to bridge the gap between mathematical abstract algorithms and concrete numerical ones. The text is addressed to students and graduates in Mathematics, Mechanics, Applied Mathematics, Numerical Software, Information Technology and Engineering. It can also be used for Master and Ph.D. programs.
Extension of Data Envelopment Analysis with Preference Information

Extension of Data Envelopment Analysis with Preference Information

Tarja Joro; Pekka J. Korhonen

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2015
sidottu
This book provides an introduction to incorporating preference information in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with a special emphasis in Value Efficiency Analysis. In addition to theoretical considerations, numerous illustrative examples are included. Hence, the book can be used as a teaching text as well. Only a modest mathematical background is needed to understand the main principles. The only prerequisites are a) familiarity with linear algebra, especially matrix calculus; b) knowledge of the simplex method; and c) familiarity with the use of computer software.The book is organized as follows. Chapter 1 provides motivation and introduces the basic concepts. Chapter 2 provides the basic ideas and models of Data Envelopment Analysis. The efficient frontier and production possibility set concepts play an important role in all considerations. That's why these concepts are considered more closely in Chapter 3. Since the approaches introduced in this study are inspired by Multiple Objective Linear Programming, the basic concepts of this field are reviewed in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 also compares and contrasts Data Envelopment Analysis and Multiple Objective Linear Programming, providing some cornerstones for approaches presented later in the book. Chapter 6 discusses the traditional approaches to take into account preference information in DEA. In Chapter 7, Value Efficiency is introduced, and Chapter 8 discusses practical aspects. Some extensions are presented in Chapter 9, and in Chapter 10 Value Efficiency is extended to cover the case when a production possibility set is not convex. Three implemented applications are reviewed in Chapter 11.
Extension of Data Envelopment Analysis with Preference Information

Extension of Data Envelopment Analysis with Preference Information

Tarja Joro; Pekka J. Korhonen

Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
2016
nidottu
This book provides an introduction to incorporating preference information in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with a special emphasis in Value Efficiency Analysis. In addition to theoretical considerations, numerous illustrative examples are included. Hence, the book can be used as a teaching text as well. Only a modest mathematical background is needed to understand the main principles. The only prerequisites are a) familiarity with linear algebra, especially matrix calculus; b) knowledge of the simplex method; and c) familiarity with the use of computer software.The book is organized as follows. Chapter 1 provides motivation and introduces the basic concepts. Chapter 2 provides the basic ideas and models of Data Envelopment Analysis. The efficient frontier and production possibility set concepts play an important role in all considerations. That's why these concepts are considered more closely in Chapter 3. Since the approaches introduced in this study are inspired by Multiple Objective Linear Programming, the basic concepts of this field are reviewed in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 also compares and contrasts Data Envelopment Analysis and Multiple Objective Linear Programming, providing some cornerstones for approaches presented later in the book. Chapter 6 discusses the traditional approaches to take into account preference information in DEA. In Chapter 7, Value Efficiency is introduced, and Chapter 8 discusses practical aspects. Some extensions are presented in Chapter 9, and in Chapter 10 Value Efficiency is extended to cover the case when a production possibility set is not convex. Three implemented applications are reviewed in Chapter 11.
Tätä mieltä 1: lehtikirjoituksia

Tätä mieltä 1: lehtikirjoituksia

Asko Korpela; Pekka Pihlanto

Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
2014
nidottu
Pekka Pihlannon kirjoitukset kattavat vaihtelevan aihepiirin. K sitell n robotteja, huumeongelmaa ja nuorten syrj ytymist . Turvallisuuspolitiikan yhteydess nousevat esiin Karjalan palautushaaveet, jalkav kimiinat ja Suomen Nato-j senyys. My s yliopistojen ongelmia valotetaan, huipennuksena uusi yliopistolaki. Kriittiseen valoon joutuvat yritysjohdon palkitsemisj rjestelmien ylily nnit sek uusliberalismin hedelm t, finanssikriisi ja talouskriisi. Politiikasta riitt keskustelua vaalirahoituksesta alkaen. Euroopan unionin velkakriisi ja tukipaketit ovat kestoaiheita t ss kokoelmassa.
Issues in Medical Research Ethics

Issues in Medical Research Ethics

Jürgen Boomgaarden; Pekka Louhiala; Urban Wiesing

Berghahn Books, Incorporated
2003
sidottu
With the advances of medicine, questions of medical ethics have become more urgent and are now considered of great social and political significance. An innovatively designed, activity-based workbook, this text was prepared using papers and case studies collected from several countries in the European Union. It reflects the issues and concerns that confront clinical practitioners throughout Europe and elsewhere today and presents varying national responses in law and policy to these concerns, as identified by ethicists, lawyers, theologians and practitioners. The problems they examine include the relationship between medical research and medical practice, elementary regulations of medical research, the complexity of informed consent, and the role of the sponsor or scientific community.
Resonant Tunneling

Resonant Tunneling

Lev Baskin; Pekka Neittaanmäki; Boris Plamenevskii; Oleg Sarafanov

Springer Nature Switzerland AG
2021
sidottu
This book studies electron resonant tunneling in two- and three-dimensional quantum waveguides of variable cross-sections in the time-independent approach. Mathematical models are suggested for the resonant tunneling and develop asymptotic and numerical approaches for investigating the models. Also, schemes are presented for several electronics devices based on the phenomenon of resonant tunneling. Compared to its first edition, this book includes four new chapters, redistributes the content between chapters and modifies the estimates of the remainders in the asymptotics of resonant tunneling characteristics. The book is addressed to mathematicians, physicists, and engineers interested in waveguide theory and its applications in electronics.
Resonant Tunneling

Resonant Tunneling

Lev Baskin; Pekka Neittaanmäki; Boris Plamenevskii; Oleg Sarafanov

Springer Nature Switzerland AG
2022
nidottu
This book studies electron resonant tunneling in two- and three-dimensional quantum waveguides of variable cross-sections in the time-independent approach. Mathematical models are suggested for the resonant tunneling and develop asymptotic and numerical approaches for investigating the models. Also, schemes are presented for several electronics devices based on the phenomenon of resonant tunneling. Compared to its first edition, this book includes four new chapters, redistributes the content between chapters and modifies the estimates of the remainders in the asymptotics of resonant tunneling characteristics. The book is addressed to mathematicians, physicists, and engineers interested in waveguide theory and its applications in electronics.
Lectures on Mappings of Finite Distortion

Lectures on Mappings of Finite Distortion

Stanislav Hencl; Pekka Koskela

Springer International Publishing AG
2014
nidottu
In this book we introduce the class of mappings of finite distortion as a generalization of the class of mappings of bounded distortion. Connections with models of nonlinear elasticity are also discussed. We study continuity properties, behavior of our mappings on null sets, topological properties like openness and discreteness, regularity of the potential inverse mappings and many other aspects.
Resonant Tunneling

Resonant Tunneling

Lev Baskin; Pekka Neittaanmäki; Boris Plamenevskii; Oleg Sarafanov

Springer International Publishing AG
2016
nidottu
This volume studies electron resonant tunneling in two- and three-dimensional quantum waveguides of variable cross-sections in the time-independent approach.Mathematical models are suggested for the resonant tunneling and develop asymptotic and numerical approaches for investigating the models. Also, schemes are presented for several electronics devices based on the phenomenon of resonant tunneling.Devices based on the phenomenon of electron resonant tunneling are widely used in electronics. Efforts are directed towards refining properties of resonance structures. There are prospects for building new nano size electronics elements based on quantum dot systems.However, the role of resonance structure can also be given to a quantum wire of variable cross-section. Instead of an "electrode - quantum dot - electrode" system, one can use a quantum wire with two narrows. A waveguide narrow is an effective potential barrier for longitudinal electron motion along a waveguide. The part of the waveguide between two narrows becomes a "resonator" , where electron resonant tunneling can occur. This phenomenon consists in the fact that, for an electron with energy E, the probability T(E) to pass from one part of the waveguide to the other part through the resonator has a sharp peak at E = Eres, where Eres denotes a "resonant" energy. Such quantum resonators can find applications as elements of nano electronics devices and provide some advantages in regard to operation properties and production technology.The book is addressed to mathematicians, physicists, and engineers interested in waveguide theory and its applications in electronics.
Quantum Measurement

Quantum Measurement

Paul Busch; Pekka Lahti; Juha-Pekka Pellonpää; Kari Ylinen

Springer International Publishing AG
2016
sidottu
This is a book about the Hilbert space formulation of quantum mechanics and its measurement theory. It contains a synopsis of what became of the Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics since von Neumann’s classic treatise with this title. Fundamental non-classical features of quantum mechanics—indeterminacy and incompatibility of observables, unavoidable measurement disturbance, entanglement, nonlocality—are explicated and analysed using the tools of operational quantum theory.The book is divided into four parts: 1. Mathematics provides a systematic exposition of the Hilbert space and operator theoretic tools and relevant measure and integration theory leading to the Naimark and Stinespring dilation theorems; 2. Elements develops the basic concepts of quantum mechanics and measurement theory with a focus on the notion of approximate joint measurability; 3. Realisations offers in-depth studies of the fundamental observables of quantum mechanics and some of their measurement implementations; and 4. Foundations discusses a selection of foundational topics (quantum-classical contrast, Bell nonlocality, measurement limitations, measurement problem, operational axioms) from a measurement theoretic perspective.The book is addressed to physicists, mathematicians and philosophers of physics with an interest in the mathematical and conceptual foundations of quantum physics, specifically from the perspective of measurement theory.
Quantum Measurement

Quantum Measurement

Paul Busch; Pekka Lahti; Juha-Pekka Pellonpää; Kari Ylinen

Springer International Publishing AG
2018
nidottu
This is a book about the Hilbert space formulation of quantum mechanics and its measurement theory. It contains a synopsis of what became of the Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics since von Neumann’s classic treatise with this title. Fundamental non-classical features of quantum mechanics—indeterminacy and incompatibility of observables, unavoidable measurement disturbance, entanglement, nonlocality—are explicated and analysed using the tools of operational quantum theory.The book is divided into four parts: 1. Mathematics provides a systematic exposition of the Hilbert space and operator theoretic tools and relevant measure and integration theory leading to the Naimark and Stinespring dilation theorems; 2. Elements develops the basic concepts of quantum mechanics and measurement theory with a focus on the notion of approximate joint measurability; 3. Realisations offers in-depth studies of the fundamental observables of quantum mechanics and some of their measurement implementations; and 4. Foundations discusses a selection of foundational topics (quantum-classical contrast, Bell nonlocality, measurement limitations, measurement problem, operational axioms) from a measurement theoretic perspective.The book is addressed to physicists, mathematicians and philosophers of physics with an interest in the mathematical and conceptual foundations of quantum physics, specifically from the perspective of measurement theory.
The Quantum Hall Effects

The Quantum Hall Effects

Tapash Chakraborty; Pekka Pietiläinen

Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH Co. K
1995
nidottu
The experimental discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) at the end of 1981 by Tsui, Stormer and Gossard was absolutely unexpected since, at this time, no theoretical work existed that could predict new struc­ tures in the magnetotransport coefficients under conditions representing the extreme quantum limit. It is more than thirty years since investigations of bulk semiconductors in very strong magnetic fields were begun. Under these conditions, only the lowest Landau level is occupied and the theory predicted a monotonic variation of the resistivity with increasing magnetic field, depending sensitively on the scattering mechanism. However, the ex­ perimental data could not be analyzed accurately since magnetic freeze-out effects and the transitions from a degenerate to a nondegenerate system complicated the interpretation of the data. For a two-dimensional electron the positive background charge is well separated from the two­ gas, where dimensional system, magnetic freeze-out effects are barely visible and an analysis of the data in the extreme quantum limit seems to be easier. First measurements in this magnetic field region on silicon field-effect transistors were not successful because the disorder in these devices was so large that all electrons in the lowest Landau level were localized. Consequently, models of a spin glass and finally of a Wigner solid were developed and much effort was put into developing the technology for improving the quality of semi­ conductor materials and devices, especially in the field of two-dimensional electron systems.