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193 tulosta hakusanalla Monocle

The Pharmacology of Monoclonal Antibodies

The Pharmacology of Monoclonal Antibodies

Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH Co. K
2012
nidottu
It has been almost 20 years since the discovery by Kohler and Milstein of the technology to produce monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), a discovery that promised revolutionary changes in research, clinical diagnosis and human therapy. From today's perspective, it is fair to conclude that this promise has been realized in two areas of the three. As research tools, MAbs have been invaluable: their ability to selectively bind and localize specific antigens, detect and identify new ligands and their receptors, and agonize and/or antagonize specific molecular interactions continues to provide a useful and enabling technology to basic research endeavors. Similarly, MAbs have demonstrated enormous practical impact as diagnostic tools. Recent advances in clinical diagnostic medicine continue to rely heavily on the use of MAb-based reagents for detecting and localizing antigens of clinical import. In contrast, however, MAbs have not proven to have major impact on human disease therapy. With the single exception of an immunosup­ pressive MAb against the T-cell antigen, CD3, MAbs have as yet found few meaningful applications as therapeutic agents. During the 1980s, a set of technologies to clone, modify and express genes encoding MAbs was developed. These breakthroughs permitted MAbs to be genetically engineered which consequently gave them the potential to greatly enhance their therapeutic utility as well as significantly expand their research and diagnostic applications. New MAbs, fragments of MAbs, bispecific MAbs, single-chain MAbs, and fusions of MAbs with other gene products became available for study.
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Systemic Radiotherapy with Monoclonal Antibodies

Systemic Radiotherapy with Monoclonal Antibodies

Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH Co. K
2011
nidottu
Almost a century ago Paul Ehrlich introduced the "magic bullet" concept of targeting therapeutic agents to specific tissues in order to reduce systemic toxicity. Due to the advances in hybridoma technology in the 1980s, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with their exquisite affinity to tumor antigens have become powerful tools in the treatment of cancer, especially when linked to therapeutic agents such as radionuclides, drugs, toxins, or enzymes. It can now be expected that such agents will lead to new cancer treatments with high therapeutic success rates. However, there are major problems in developing this therapeutic concept to a routine treatment modality. This is partly due to factors such as heterogenous distribution of tumor antigens, insufficient blood supply of tumors, high interstitial pressure, and the large interstitial space that antibodies have to traverse. This book is focused on the development in radio immunotherapy (RIT) using radio­ labeled monoclonal antibodies as tumoritoxic agents. This area of research has attracted the interest of clinicians and scientists from many different disciplines. It is now clear that the full potential of RIT can only be realized through the concerted efforts of laboratory scientists (molecular biologists, cell physiologists, chemists, radiation physicists, and biologists) and cancer clinicians in nuclear medicine, radiooncology, and internal oncology.
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Biomarcadores actuales en Gammapatias Monoclonales

Biomarcadores actuales en Gammapatias Monoclonales

Lola Máiz Suárez; Nuria Garnacho; Marta G Vilanova

Editorial Academica Espanola
2018
pokkari
El equipo de analistas cl nicos del Servicio de Laboratorio cl nico del Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, Galicia, Espa a, llevamos a os trabajando en la faceta asistencial y estudiando la bioqu mica y fisio-patolog a de los Mielomas Creemos que es una grave enfermedad de elevada mortalidad y de gran incidencia en nuestra rea Sanitaria. Con esta publicaci n intentamos colaborar con Hemat logos y Bioqu micos especializados en este tema, para compartir nuestros conocimientos e inquietudes, e intentar que esta patolog a que todav a es como la punta de un iceberg, con una gran parte desconocida, con la ayuda de investigaciones y estudios gen ticos avanzados de farmacogen mica pueda llegar a tratarse adecuadamente y disminuir su mortalidad
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Application of Monoclonal Antibodies in Tumor Pathology

Application of Monoclonal Antibodies in Tumor Pathology

Springer
2014
nidottu
The development of monoclonal antibodies to human tumor associated antigens has greatly facilitated the application of immunohistochemical techniques to analyze surgically removed tissues. During the last few years this approach has been utilized by a progressively increasing number of investigators to analyze malignant cells. Although monoclonal antibodies to tumor associated antigens have not become yet routine reagents in immunopathology, they have provided new information which could not be obtained with conventional antisera or histochemical procedures. The following are representative examples. TUmor associated antigens have been identified which display a restricted distribution in normal tissues and therefore may represent useful markers for radio­ imaging and appropriate targets for immunotherapy. In spite of undetec­ table differences with conventional histopathological approaches hetero­ geneity has been found in the antigenic profile of tumor cells within a lesion, in autologous lesions removed from different anatomic sites from a given patient and in lesions removed from different patients. Phenotypes of tumor cells have been identified which correlate with the biology of tumor cells and with the clinical course of the disease. From a practical view point the use of monoclonal antibodies in immunopathology has enhanced interactions between pathologists and immunologists, as exemplified by the present book. Such interactions have contributed to the application of basic research to clinical problems. The chapter of this book discuss investigations performed with monoclonal antibodies to antigens expressed by various types of normal and malignant human cells.
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Production and Applications of Monoclonal Antibodies

Production and Applications of Monoclonal Antibodies

FOSTER ACADEMICS
2025
sidottu
Monoclonal antibodies are proteins that are developed in the laboratory and can destroy specific targets in the body by binding with them. The targets are usually foreign materials, such as antigens on the surface of cancer cells. The process of monoclonal antibody production begins with the immunization of mice and the isolation of splenocytes. Thereafter, the myeloma cells are fused with isolated splenocytes in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG), resulting in the fusion of cell membrane. It further involves clone screening and picking, functional characterization, scaling- up clones producing desired antibodies and weaning-off of selection agents, and expansion of clones producing desired antibodies. The most important applications of monoclonal antibodies include diagnostics, therapeutics, and protein purification. Monoclonal antibodies are used for diagnosing and treating many diseases, including some types of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, deep vein thrombosis, and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, these antibodies can also be used for directly carrying radioactive substances, toxins, and drugs towards the cancer cells. This book outlines the production and application of monoclonal antibodies in detail. It includes contributions of experts and scientists, which will provide innovative insights into the field of pharmaceutical sciences.
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