Over the last two decades, the United States has supported a range of militias, rebels, and other armed groups in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria. Critics have argued that such partnerships have many perils, from enabling human rights abuses to seeding future threats. Policy makers, however, have sought to mitigate the risks of partnering with irregular armed groups. Militia group leaders in far-flung corners of these war-torn countries were subjected to background checks and instructed about international law and human rights, and their funding was cut when they crossed red lines. To what extent have such mechanisms curbed the dangers of proxy warfare, and what unforeseen consequences has this approach unleashed?Drawing on a decade of field research and hundreds of interviews with stakeholders, Erica L. Gaston unpacks the dilemmas of attempting to control proxy forces. She demonstrates that, although the tools U.S. policy makers used to constrain partners’ behavior increased in number and sophistication, they never fully addressed the range of political, security, and legal concerns surrounding these forces. Moreover, by shifting policy makers’ calculations, the use of proxy forces introduced additional moral hazards and may have enabled riskier decision making. Featuring substantial empirical detail and close analysis of key internal debates, Illusions of Control offers new perspectives on some of the most significant and controversial elements of recent U.S. security policy. In addition to nuanced insights about proxy relationships, this book provides a novel analytical toolkit for exploring transnational bargaining and foreign policy deliberations in hybrid political environments.
Over the last two decades, the United States has supported a range of militias, rebels, and other armed groups in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria. Critics have argued that such partnerships have many perils, from enabling human rights abuses to seeding future threats. Policy makers, however, have sought to mitigate the risks of partnering with irregular armed groups. Militia group leaders in far-flung corners of these war-torn countries were subjected to background checks and instructed about international law and human rights, and their funding was cut when they crossed red lines. To what extent have such mechanisms curbed the dangers of proxy warfare, and what unforeseen consequences has this approach unleashed?Drawing on a decade of field research and hundreds of interviews with stakeholders, Erica L. Gaston unpacks the dilemmas of attempting to control proxy forces. She demonstrates that, although the tools U.S. policy makers used to constrain partners’ behavior increased in number and sophistication, they never fully addressed the range of political, security, and legal concerns surrounding these forces. Moreover, by shifting policy makers’ calculations, the use of proxy forces introduced additional moral hazards and may have enabled riskier decision making. Featuring substantial empirical detail and close analysis of key internal debates, Illusions of Control offers new perspectives on some of the most significant and controversial elements of recent U.S. security policy. In addition to nuanced insights about proxy relationships, this book provides a novel analytical toolkit for exploring transnational bargaining and foreign policy deliberations in hybrid political environments.
In the current era of health care reform, the pressures to truly manage patient care and to build effective integrated delivery systems are generating intense interest in patient care information systems. Health care institutions cannot provide seamlees access to care without seamless access to information, and they cannot manage and improve care without improved information management. Patient Care Information Systems examines how to design and implement these systems so they successfully meet the needs of physicians, nurses, and other health care providers. In one convenient reference, the authors summarize and synthesize previously disparate research and case experiences on these systems and suggest future directions based on the evolving demands of administrators and caregivers.
Water Invites Heaven To Sink is a confrontation of the best kind - a vivid journey to a life beyond mental chatter. The author generously hands us her personal experience of new motherhood, nature, and human relationships in order to make room for new and forgotten stories. She writes about Eros, coming of age, death, wilderness, war, and the mundane. Part critique, part call to action, this work implores the reader to release the road map and visit mystery.
Dive deep into the natural world with this adventure-packed collection of investigations that invites kids to explore engaging science questions through hands-on discovery.Why learn indoors when the wild beckons? While classrooms and online platforms are vital, nothing beats the interaction of nature and science. Science in the Wild isn’t just about learning; It’s a journey to immerse yourself in the natural world, satisfying your curiosity with thrilling investigations like these: Stardust Seekers: Embark on a hunt for micrometeorites, space fragments that regularly fall to Earth.A Gooey Gathering: Use a century-old technique to discover nocturnal arthropod species and their unique behaviors in the dark.Sweet Sinkholes: Build a sinkhole model demonstrating the rapid changes in the Earth’s surface.Squirmy Decisions: Delve into earthworm behavior, observing their interactions in different environments.Minibeast Mansions: Build miniature habitats, understanding animal behavior in intricate ecosystems.Potato Pitfall: Observe creatures that have fallen into your trap of a decomposing potato.Through these and other captivating investigations, you’ll master inquiry skills vital to scientists. From manipulating materials and data collection to deciphering the intricate patterns of the wild, you’ll navigate through real-world experiments just like ecologists, meteorologists, geologists, physicists, and other specialists!Key features include: 52 Experiments: Engage in more than 50 immersive experiments, each designed with an essential question to ignite curiosity and deepen your understanding of the natural world.Instructional Photographs: Step-by-step instructional photographs guide you through each experiment, ensuring clarity and understanding at every stage.Science Breakdown: The investigations wrap up with a science overview, breaking down each activity’s concept and real-world context.Science for All: Explore the vast realm of science across Earth, Life, and Physical Science investigations, offering curious kids opportunities to explore multiple disciplines.Wild Connections: Each investigation or challenge relates to something truly wild, so check out the section labeled “Now, This Is Wild!” to see each wild and relevant connection!Science In The Wild isn’t your average science or nature book; it’s a gateway to the wilderness waiting to be explored as you engage with your world. Join this adventure and prepare to unlock a universe of wonder, excitement, and learning—one that begins as you step out your front door into the WILD!
In this study of antebellum African American print culture in transnational perspective, Erica L. Ball explores the relationship between antislavery discourse and the emergence of the northern black middle class.Through innovative readings of slave narratives, sermons, fiction, convention proceedings, and the advice literature printed in forums like Freedom’s Journal, the North Star, and the Anglo-African Magazine, Ball demonstrates that black figures such as Susan Paul, Frederick Douglass, and Martin Delany consistently urged readers to internalize their political principles and to interpret all their personal ambitions, private familial roles, and domestic responsibilities in light of the freedom struggle. Ultimately, they were admonished to embody the abolitionist agenda by living what the fugitive Samuel Ringgold Ward called an “antislavery life.”Far more than calls for northern free blacks to engage in what scholars call “the politics of respectability,” African American writers characterized true antislavery living as an oppositional stance rife with radical possibilities, a deeply personal politics that required free blacks to transform themselves into model husbands and wives, mothers and fathers, self-made men, and transnational freedom fighters in the mold of revolutionary figures from Haiti to Hungary. In the process, Ball argues, antebellum black writers crafted a set of ideals—simultaneously respectable and subversive—for their elite and aspiring African American readers to embrace in the decades before the Civil War.Published in association with the Library Company of Philadelphia’s Program in African American History. A Sarah Mills Hodge Fund Publication.
In this study of antebellum African American print culture in transnational perspective, Erica L. Ball explores the relationship between antislavery discourse and the emergence of the northern black middle class.Through innovative readings of slave narratives, sermons, fiction, convention proceedings, and the advice literature printed in forums like Freedom’s Journal, the North Star, and the Anglo-African Magazine, Ball demonstrates that black figures such as Susan Paul, Frederick Douglass, and Martin Delany consistently urged readers to internalize their political principles and to interpret all their personal ambitions, private familial roles, and domestic responsibilities in light of the freedom struggle. Ultimately, they were admonished to embody the abolitionist agenda by living what the fugitive Samuel Ringgold Ward called an “antislavery life.”Far more than calls for northern free blacks to engage in what scholars call “the politics of respectability,” African American writers characterized true antislavery living as an oppositional stance rife with radical possibilities, a deeply personal politics that required free blacks to transform themselves into model husbands and wives, mothers and fathers, self-made men, and transnational freedom fighters in the mold of revolutionary figures from Haiti to Hungary. In the process, Ball argues, antebellum black writers crafted a set of ideals—simultaneously respectable and subversive—for their elite and aspiring African American readers to embrace in the decades before the Civil War.Published in association with the Library Company of Philadelphia’s Program in African American History. A Sarah Mills Hodge Fund Publication.
This special issue of Radical History Review aims to revitalize African diaspora studies by shifting current emphases within the field. The contributors rethink current understandings of African and diaspora as a dispersal of Africans from the African continent via the Atlantic slave trade and offer reconceptualizations of dominant paradigms, such as home, origins, migrations, politics, blackness, African, Africa, African-descended, and Americanness. The contributors draw on perspectives from political science, history, cultural studies, art history, anthropology, feminist theory, sexuality and queer studies, and Caribbean and African American studies. The collection addresses transnational discourses of race, gender, and sexuality in African diaspora politics, African diaspora experiences on the African continent, the politics of African-descended peoples in Europe, and creative uses of the discourses of memory and diaspora to support political organizing and local struggles. Essays on Venezuelans, Bolivians, and Mexicans address the status of race in the study of African-descended populations and cultures in Latin America. The issue also includes two essays that showcase African diasporic art and curatorial practices in the United States, the Caribbean, and the United Kingdom.Contributors: Erica Ball, Anthony Bogues, Lisa Brock, Sara Busdiecker, Prudence Cumberbatch,Jacqueline Francis, Anita González, Amoaba Gooden, Dayo Gore, Laura A. Harris, Christopher J. Lee, Kevin Mumford, Melina Pappademos, Cristóbal Valencia Ramírez, Rochelle Rowe, Theresa Runstedtler, Michelle Ann Stephens, Tyler Stovall, Deborah Thomas, Leon Wainwright, Cadence Wynter, Paul Tiyambe Zeleza
Offering a rare glimpse into the lives of those who lived through the German occupation of Poland's capital, this important ethnography explores how elderly residents of Warsaw recollect, narrate, and commemorate their experiences, thus showing how the cultural legacies of the occupation reveal themselves in contemporary Polish society. The individuals who are the focus of this study, all long-time residents of the Warsaw neighborhood Zoliborz, responded to the daily deprivations and brutality of the German occupation by joining branches of the Polish underground, ultimately participating in the Warsaw Uprising of 1944—during which their neighborhood was burned, but not destroyed—as soldiers, couriers, and medics. Using life histories and ethnographic fieldwork, Tucker examines the ways that her informants recovered from the rupture of war, arguing that this process was connected to efforts to rebuild the city itself. Remembering Occupied Warsaw makes an important contribution to studies of collective memory. A moving work of oral history, this book will appeal to scholars and students of anthropology, sociology, and East European studies, as well as general readers interested in Polish history.
GRE Vocabulary in Practice is designed to help students practice for the vocabulary-based portion of the GRE by applying their knowledge to test-style questions. In addition to in-depth strategies for working through both Text Completions and Sentence Equivalences, this book incudes a list of must-know prefixes and roots; a list of challenging high-frequency vocabulary words; a list of common words with alternate meanings; and more than 300 multiple-choice questions grouped by level of diffculty as well as in mixed practice sets.
Mom's Advice is a prompted journal for you to provide your son and/or daughter with advice on life. In this book, there are 65 prompts to guide you into writing. As parents, we have experienced a lot to be able to provide advice to our children in their time of need. This journal can be passed down as the years go by. It is the perfect keepsake to send your love, support and advice, no their age. It makes the perfect gift for new moms, baby showers, birthdays, graduations, weddings and so much more Give the gift of advice to your child now and for the future.
Mom's Advice is a prompted journal for you to provide your son and/or daughter with advice on life. In this book, there are 65 prompts to guide you into writing. As parents, we have experienced a lot to be able to provide advice to our children in their time of need. This journal can be passed down as the years go by. It is the perfect keepsake to send your love, support and advice, no their age. It makes the perfect gift for new moms, baby showers, birthdays, graduations, weddings and so much more Give the gift of advice to your child now and for the future.
Dad's Advice is a prompted journal for you to provide your son and/or daughter with advice on life. In this book, there are 65 prompts to guide you into writing. As parents, we have experienced a lot to be able to provide advice to our children in their time of need. This journal can be passed down as the years go by. It is the perfect keepsake to send your love, support and advice, no their age. It makes the perfect gift for new moms, baby showers, birthdays, graduations, weddings and so much more Give the gift of advice to your child now and for the future.
