Machine Learning Methods in Geoscience
Gerard Schuster
Society of Exploration Geophysicists
2024
sidottu
This book presents the theory of machine learning (ML) algorithms and their applications to geoscience problems. Geoscience problems include traveltime picking of seismograms by a fuzzy cluster method; migration and inversion of seismic data by neural network (NN) methods; geochemical analysis and dating of rock samples by Gaussian discriminant analysis; convolutional neural network (CNN) picking of faults, cracks, and bird types in images; Bayesian inversion of seismic data; clustering of earthquake data and semblance plots; principal component analysis of seismic data and geochemical records; filtering of seismic sections; seismic interpolation by an NN; transformer analysis of seismic data; and recurrent NN deconvolution of a seismic trace. More than half of the described algorithms fall under the class of neural network methods. Their description is at a level that can be understood by anyone with a modest background in linear algebra, calculus, and probability. An elementary working knowledge of MATLAB is useful and almost every chapter is accompanied by lab exercises to reinforce the ML principles.
