Artificial Neural Networks have captured the interest of many researchers in the last five years. As with many young fields, neural network research has been largely empirical in nature, relyingstrongly on simulationstudies ofvarious network models. Empiricism is, of course, essential to any science for it provides a body of observations allowing initial characterization of the field. Eventually, however, any maturing field must begin the process of validating empirically derived conjectures with rigorous mathematical models. It is in this way that science has always pro ceeded. It is in this way that science provides conclusions that can be used across a variety of applications. This monograph by Michael Lemmon provides just such a theoretical exploration of the role ofcompetition in Artificial Neural Networks. There is "good news" and "bad news" associated with theoretical research in neural networks. The bad news isthat such work usually requires the understanding of and bringing together of results from many seemingly disparate disciplines such as neurobiology, cognitive psychology, theory of differential equations, largc scale systems theory, computer science, and electrical engineering. The good news is that for those capable of making this synthesis, the rewards are rich as exemplified in this monograph.
The Tree is an illustrated tale about the surprisingly epic life of a tree. One day, the author's 4-year old daughter asked a simple, yet profound question: "What happens to a tree after it falls down?" This conversation inspired the creation of this book as a way to show her the beauty of the cycle of life in the natural world. Follow the humble origins of a cottonwood seed from its mother tree to its enduring life. Vibrant imagery and simple prose engage children ages 3-6 in this touching story.
Artificial Neural Networks have captured the interest of many researchers in the last five years. As with many young fields, neural network research has been largely empirical in nature, relyingstrongly on simulationstudies ofvarious network models. Empiricism is, of course, essential to any science for it provides a body of observations allowing initial characterization of the field. Eventually, however, any maturing field must begin the process of validating empirically derived conjectures with rigorous mathematical models. It is in this way that science has always pro ceeded. It is in this way that science provides conclusions that can be used across a variety of applications. This monograph by Michael Lemmon provides just such a theoretical exploration of the role ofcompetition in Artificial Neural Networks. There is "good news" and "bad news" associated with theoretical research in neural networks. The bad news isthat such work usually requires the understanding of and bringing together of results from many seemingly disparate disciplines such as neurobiology, cognitive psychology, theory of differential equations, largc scale systems theory, computer science, and electrical engineering. The good news is that for those capable of making this synthesis, the rewards are rich as exemplified in this monograph.
Trained as a musician, amateur scientist William Herschel found international fame after discovering the planet Uranus in 1781. Though he is still best known for this finding, his partnership with his sister Caroline yielded groundbreaking work, including techniques that remain in use today. The duo pioneered comprehensive surveys of the night sky, carefully categorizing every visible object in the void. Caroline wrote an influential catalogue of nebulae, and William discovered infrared radiation. Celebrated science writer Michael Lemonick guides readers through the depths of the solar system and into his protagonists' private lives: William developed bizarre theories about inhabitants of the sun; he procured an unheard-of salary for Caroline even while haggling with King George III over the funding for an enormous, forty-foot telescope; the siblings feuded over William's marriage and eventually reconciled. Erudite and accessible, The Georgian Star is a lively portrait of the pair who invented modern astronomy.
Trained as a musician, amateur scientist William Herschel found international fame after discovering the planet Uranus in 1781. Though he is still best known for this finding, his partnership with his sister Caroline yielded other groundbreaking work that affects how we see the world today. The Herschels made comprehensive surveys of the night sky, carefully categorizing every visible object in the void. Caroline wrote an influential catalogue of nebulae, and William discovered infrared radiation. Veteran science writer Michael D. Lemonick guides readers through the depths of the solar system and into his subjects’ private lives: William developed bizarre theories about inhabitants of the sun; he procured an unheard-of salary for Caroline from King George III even as he hassled over the funding for an enormous, forty-foot telescope; and the siblings feuded over William’s marriage but eventually reconciled.
Go Stand Upon the Rock is a deeply moving story based on real people and events in the lives of a runaway slave and his family, who witness some of the most compelling moments in antebellum American history. It is a tale of unsettling plantation life, courageous women, dramatic Civil War battles, heroes and hoodoo, and the indomitable strength of the human spirit. This novel is based on the family history handed down to me by my maternal grandmother, Maud Ray Ridley Ortiga - the granddaughter of former runaway slaves. Fiercely proud of our ancestors, I spent countless hours at my grandmother's table, committing this history to memory as we poured over a trove of antique family photographs. I grew to love these forebears who died long before I was born, and I eventually became the family historian. This made me determined to achieve two lifelong goals. The first was to see that my ancestors no longer rested in unmarked graves. The second was to solve the mysteries of who we were, where we came from and how we came to be. After my ancestors escaped from slavery in the mid-1860s, no one in my family had ever returned to our places of origin -- in fact, no one even knew where they were. What began as a noble quest to uncover my roots became a cultural detective story, with only the names of the plantations and slave quarters serving as paltry clues. As I grew into adulthood, I discovered the remarkable accuracy of the age-old family tradition of oral history, and everything my beloved grandmother told me proved to be true. I added to this body of knowledge through historical and genealogical research at the National Archives, the U.S. Census, and countless books and websites, all of which enabled me to turn my love of family history into a doctoral dissertation at one of the most distinguished academic institutions in America -- the University of Pennsylvania -- where I earned a doctorate in Education, Culture, and Society in 2007. The story begins on the Bonnie Doon plantation in Southampton County, Virginia, where my ancestor Cornelius Ridley -- the mulatto son of his wealthy, slavemaster/father -- was born in 1839 - eight years after Nat Turner's Rebellion. But no rosy or revisionist retrospective on genteel plantation society, this book examines the historical events and complex social and sometimes biological relationships between masters and slaves. Go Stand Upon the Rock is a tapestry of interwoven stories of a remarkable family's journey through history that began with my great-great grandfather Cornelius Ridley's epic 300 mile walk to freedom in the North to escape from bondage on his putative father's plantation. It also follows his wife Martha Jane Parham, as she strives to escape her horrible fate as a breeding woman on the neighboring Fortsville Plantation. Learning what she endured made an indelible impact on me. Unlike her husband who was able to pass for white, they were forced to escape separately. And the story follows her perilous flight with two young children, to the safety of a company of U.S. Colored Troops, where she meets a young black soldier from Pennsylvania who is wounded during one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War - the Battle of New Market Heights - who has an unexpected role in her life half a century later. This first part of the Ridley family saga draws to a close with Cornelius and Martha Jane's brilliant son William - a pioneering African American law student - who miraculously survives a hail of bullets in the midst of a dangerous political dispute in Chester, Pennsylvania, that nearly ends his life and legal career captured in detail in local contemporary newspaper accounts just one month before his marriage to an elegant, mysterious clairvoyant woman from the Danish West Indies in October 1889.Telling the story of my ancestors is a debt I have longed owed them, because they are giants upon whose shoulders I stand today. And there is much more of their saga to tell.
The Case that Shocked the Country: The Unquiet deaths of Vida Robare, and Alexander McClay Williams -- the youngest person to die in the electric chair in Pennsylvania -- for a crime he did not commit, recounts an actual 1930 murder case in Delaware County, Pennsylvania. This stunning story sent shockwaves across the country as it flashed across newspaper headlines as far away as Texas, California, and Canada. It is a compelling combination of legal history, a real life murder mystery, and a 30 year quest for justice for a long forgotten 16 year old African American youth buried in an unmarked grave, who remains the youngest known person, to date, to die in Pennsylvania's electric chair. On Friday afternoon, October 3, 1930, the lifeless body of a popular white school matron was discovered in her bedroom covered in blood. The victim had sustained a brutal beating and was stabbed 47 times with an ice pick. There were no witnesses to the crime and scant evidence, except for the victim's missing key ring and the bloody handprint of an adult male left on the wallpaper by the door of her room, as her killer made his escape. Four days later, at what was then a tough reform school originally founded in Philadelphia, 16 year old Alexander McClay Williams - the eldest in an impoverished family of 13 children - "confessed" to the crime after repeated interrogations under undocumented circumstances, conducted without his parents or an attorney present in the room. Nearly three weeks after the learning disabled teenager signed not one, but three, confessions, the court appointed the county's only African America attorney - William Henry Ridley, Esq. (1867 - 1945) - to represent the youth. But his fate seemed already set. At the zenith of a remarkable 54-year career as a practicing attorney, Ridley would face insurmountable challenges with just two months to prepare a defense in his young client's capital murder case. How could Ridley overcome the stark realities of three dubious confessions, tampered evidence, a biased legal system, and an all-white jury that was understandably aghast at perhaps the most horrendous crime in county memory? Decades after his client was buried in an unmarked grave in a now abandoned cemetery, something curious happened. While living in the Ridley family's home when he was just a boy, the author first learned of this tragic story from his grandmother - the only child of William H. Ridley. Hearing the story left an indelible impression, which he could never forget. And the grisly tale continued to haunt him for decades as he grew into adulthood. As time wore on, the author began to look deeper into the case, digging down to uncover long lost evidence hidden beneath many layers of conflicting details and discrepancies. After gathering a volume of information and examining court documents and countless news articles, what he found shocked him, as it had shocked the country in 1930. He discovered that the frightened teenager who died in the electric chair did not commit the crime, and the real murderer escaped without facing punishment. The case of Alexander McClay Williams is a cautionary tale of what can result when systemic racism taints the criminal justice system, as the dynamics of this case are as crucial and applicable today as they were when these events unfolded 87 years ago. This book is a must read for those interested in the law, capital punishment, juvenile justice, African American history, and how the descendants of three seemingly unrelated families intertwined to try to overturn a monumental injustice for the last surviving sibling of Alexander McClay Williams.
If you have landed here on this page, you or someone you know is battling a foot issue, and it's most likely created a huge headache, lost time, and massive ripples in daily living. As I discovered in my own journey, Morton's Neuroma is quite different than many injury types, and it can hit at just about any age in someone's adult life. In this book I detail out my story - the initial onset of Morton's Neuroma, things I tried to heal it, frustrations with a lack of success stories, and finally the process I came up with to heal my Neuroma once and for all. So, if you are like me, and like to hear about wins, options, ways to have the least invasive healing process, etc., please read this book so you know you truly do have options that your podiatrist is most likely not sharing with you (in most cases because they simply are trained in other methods that try to mask the issues vs. heal the issue at the root cause). I hope you get a great picture of hope, a way better understanding of how to look at footwear before you buy it, and share the info with those around you. As I found through my website and Facebook page, this is a global health problem, so you most likely have someone within reach that could benefit from the information I have written about. Here's to your foot health, saving a lot of time and a lot of money, knowing your options, and getting back with life *This book provides general information about medicine, health and related subjects. The words and other content provided in this book, and in any other noted materials, are not intended and should not be construed as medical advice. If the reader or any other person has a medical concern, he or she should consult with an appropriately-licensed physician or other health care worker. **Brands mentioned in this book are from my own experience are not shared in this book for a paid endorsement by the respective brands; they are brands I have worn and/or currently wear due to quality.
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The very first book devoted to antique silver lemon strainers, this is the fruit of a decade’s research by a biology teacher turned silver expert who gives equal weight to analysis and aesthetics. Lemon strainers, normally consigned to the ‘miscellany’ pages of antique silver guides, are varied, beautiful and collectable and survive in surprising numbers considering their 150 years of use in punch making ended 200 years ago: the author’s database contains 900 examples from England, Ireland, Scotland and America. After an extensive introduction, lemon strainers are described in 27 categories and lavishly illustrated with 268 figures.
People are not disturbed by things; they are disturbed by their view of things" Epictetus (c. 55 - 135 CE) Emotional intelligence (EI) refers to the ability to perceive, control, and evaluate emotions. Some researchers suggest that emotional intelligence can be learned and strengthened, while others claim it is an inborn characteristic. EI is "the subset of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions. "Go Suck A Lemon" hopes to provide readers with methods for improving emotional intelligence by offering cognitive skill-building techniques, thereby helping to create a less self-defeating and more enriching experience when experiencing emotion. Keep up with your emotional intelligence gains Get the Go Suck A Lemon APP on Amazon. NOTE TO AUDIOBOOK LISTENERS: Thanks to everyone for your comments on the audible edition of Go Suck a Lemon. Recording the Lemon was tough for me. I have no training in voice performance, recording, or editing. I am a clinical mental health therapist in private practice with a huge desire to share what I know with others. This audiobook is not perfect by any means. (It's as imperfect as I am.) It is, however, the VERY best I could do on my own. If you can tolerate my best effort, please listen to this version. Otherwise, you may enjoy the paperback or the Kindle version. Thank you to everyone who took the time to review it. I am very grateful for your words. Cheers
Schools that only teach math, English, and normal subjects are boring. Fortunately, Woodcreek Academy teaches much more, like Magic for Humans, Defense against Beasts, and Myth verses facts: the truth about fairy lore.When Daniel's dad took a job at Woodcreek Academy and Daniel transferred there, he never expected to go to such a school, to learn of the magic within, or to have such great adventures.
Tea with Lemon and Honey is not necessarily meant to help you. You are meant to help, well, you. This book is a collection of thoughts, theories and concepts that can, if you choose, be applied to real life. Read it. Read it again, and again. I'm just like you and am constantly searching to better my self. Part of the process of bettering your self is to be open to new ideas. Maybe this is what you need to read or hear right now at this particular moment in your life. "Written with a sense of humor, Chad goes above and beyond and makes real life seem manageable again." Randy T (Quebec, Canada)
Santa Claus Lane-Patrick McKeon was a lima bean farmer in 1948, in Carpinteria, CA. He started a juice stand, and named it, "Santa Claus" due to the popular usage of the name "Santa" throughout California. Then other Santa Cause related stuff started popping up around him, thus giving birth to Santa Claus Lane. There were train rides, European-style toy stores and Christmas themed restaurants. The festivities lasted 57 years. Then "Naughty" Developers decided to make it into a New England Style fishing village. Then more "Naughty" people, the property owners, got on board saying Santa Claus Lane had "lost its charm." Happily the "Nice" people saved the twenty-foot tall Santa figure from destruction. He was moved to Oxnard in 2003 and restored by the "Nice" people of the land. The beach still retains the Santa Claus name. This story is based on a true incident that happened in 1955. Lemon Ice Box Pie-An old man picked me up hitchhiking when I was 18 in the Nevada Desert, he was a fascinating character with lots of tales. This story was inspired by his stories that I enjoyed hearing, true or not. He was a slow ride in his old Model A, but he made up for it with his interesting tall tales. ....Michael
A tight-knit, high-powered group of scientists and engineers spent eight years building a satellite designed, in effect, to read the genome of the universe. Launched in 2001, the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) reported its first results two years later with a set of brilliant observations that added focus, detail, and insight to our formerly fuzzy view of the cosmos. For more than a year, the WMAP satellite hovered in the cold of deep space, a million miles from Earth, in an effort to determine whether the science of cosmology--the study of the origin and evolution of the universe--has been on the right track for the past two decades. What WMAP was looking for was a barely perceptible pattern of hot and cold spots in the faint whisper of microwave radiation left over from the Big Bang, the event that almost 14 billion years ago gave birth to all of space, time, matter, and energy. The pattern encoded in those microwaves holds the answers to some of the great unanswered questions of cosmology: What is the universe made of? What is its geometry? How much of it consists of the mysterious dark matter and dark energy that continue to baffle astronomers? How fast is it expanding? And did it undergo a period of inflationary hyper-expansion at the very beginning? WMAP has now given definitive answers to these mysteries. On February 11, 2003, the team of researchers went public with the results. Just some of their extraordinary findings: The universe is 13.7 billion years old. The first stars--turned on--when the universe was only 200 million years old, five times earlier than anyone had thought. It is now certain that a mysterious dark energy dominates the universe. Michael Lemonick, who had exclusive access to the researchers as WMAP gathered its data, here tells the full story of WMAP and its surprising revelations. This book is both a personal and a scientific tale of discovery. In its pages, readers will come to know the science of cosmology and the people who, seventy-five years after we first learned that the universe is expanding, deciphered some of its deepest mysteries in the patterns of its oldest light.
Will the universe expand forever? Or will it collapse in a Big Crunch within the next few billion years? If the Big Bang theory is correct in presenting the origins of the universe as a smooth fireball, how did the universe come to contain structures as large as the recently discovered "Great Wall" of galaxies, which stretches hundreds of millions of light years? Such are the compelling questions that face cosmologists today, and it is the excitement and wonder of their research that Michael Lemonick shares in this lively tour of the current state of astrophysics and cosmology.Here we visit observatories and universities where leading scientists describe how they envision the very early stages, the history, and the future of the universe. The discussions help us to make sense of many recent findings, including cosmic ripples, which supply evidence of the first billionth of a second of the universe; anomalous galactic structures such as the Great Wall, the Great Void, and the Great Attractor; and the mysterious presence of dark matter, massive but invisible. Lemonick assembles this information into a comprehensive, up-to-date picture of modern cosmology, and a portrait of its often contentious practitioners.Originally published in 1995.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
