Bin Li

Spatial Autocorrelation: A Fundamental Property of Geospatial Sciences is an in-depth guide to understanding a crucial aspect of spatial analysis. The book begins with theories and clear definitions, laying a solid foundation for the reader. Through detailed explanations and practical examples, it delves into the concept and theory of spatial autocorrelation, illustrating the significance of spatial patterns in scientific research. The book includes comprehensive case studies that highlight the impact of spatial patterns on research and suggests innovative techniques for future studies. Additionally, it offers practical methodologies for quantifying spatial autocorrelation, complete with step-by-step guidance and real-world applications. This makes it an essential resource for graduate students, researchers, and professionals, providing them with the necessary tools to effectively apply spatial analysis in various fields.

This book summarizes the current knowledge of anthocyanins, provides systematic information for future exploration of anthocyanin applications. It focuses on several aspects regarding the studying progression in the field of anthocyanins. The first section of the book provides a brief introduction to the scope and progress on anthocyanins, which is followed by the second section that describes the natural sources, structure, extraction approaches, bioavailability, and current stabilizing approach of anthocyanins. Then in the third part, the book focuses on the industrial processing of anthocyanins in foods by discussing the impact of food processing on anthocyanin structure and composition as well as classical processing techniques on anthocyanin-containing foods, including high-pressure, encapsulation, microwave, and combined application of the above techniques. In the last section of the book, the authors explore the currently most popular application of anthocyanins in improving human health, such as the effect of anthocyanin on vision, metabolism, neural system, cardiovascular system, and cancers. The book will facilitate readers’ understanding of the progress of anthocyanin studies. And it will benefit researchers and graduate students in the fields of natural products, functional food, and nutrition, etc.

This book summarizes the current knowledge of anthocyanins, provides systematic information for future exploration of anthocyanin applications. It focuses on several aspects regarding the studying progression in the field of anthocyanins. The first section of the book provides a brief introduction to the scope and progress on anthocyanins, which is followed by the second section that describes the natural sources, structure, extraction approaches, bioavailability, and current stabilizing approach of anthocyanins. Then in the third part, the book focuses on the industrial processing of anthocyanins in foods by discussing the impact of food processing on anthocyanin structure and composition as well as classical processing techniques on anthocyanin-containing foods, including high-pressure, encapsulation, microwave, and combined application of the above techniques. In the last section of the book, the authors explore the currently most popular application of anthocyanins in improving human health, such as the effect of anthocyanin on vision, metabolism, neural system, cardiovascular system, and cancers. The book will facilitate readers’ understanding of the progress of anthocyanin studies. And it will benefit researchers and graduate students in the fields of natural products, functional food, and nutrition, etc.

This book discusses key techniques of protection and fault ride-through in VSC-HVDC grids, including high-speed selective protection, DC fault current limitation, converter restarting, and DCCB reclosing strategies. It investigates how high-speed transient-variable-based protection can be used to improve grids’ acting sensitivity, acting reliability, and ability to withstand high transition resistance compared with traditional protection. In addition, it discusses the applicability of the pilot protections, including the current differential protection and travelign-wave based protection, in the dc grid, as well as the improved methods. Furthermore, it proposes several DC FCL topologies, which are suitable for DC grids. Lastly, in the context of overhead line application conditions, it explores converter restarting and DCCB reclosing strategies, which not only identify the fault property, but also limit the secondary damage to the system, improving the system’s operation security and reliability. As such, the book offers a comprehensive overview of original and advanced methods and techniques for the protection of VSC-HVDC grids.

This book discusses key techniques of protection and fault ride-through in VSC-HVDC grids, including high-speed selective protection, DC fault current limitation, converter restarting, and DCCB reclosing strategies. It investigates how high-speed transient-variable-based protection can be used to improve grids’ acting sensitivity, acting reliability, and ability to withstand high transition resistance compared with traditional protection. In addition, it discusses the applicability of the pilot protections, including the current differential protection and travelign-wave based protection, in the dc grid, as well as the improved methods. Furthermore, it proposes several DC FCL topologies, which are suitable for DC grids. Lastly, in the context of overhead line application conditions, it explores converter restarting and DCCB reclosing strategies, which not only identify the fault property, but also limit the secondary damage to the system, improving the system’s operation security and reliability. As such, the book offers a comprehensive overview of original and advanced methods and techniques for the protection of VSC-HVDC grids.

Protection Technologies of Ultra-High-Voltage AC Transmission Systems considers the latest research on UHV, UHV transmission line electromagnetic field, transmission line parameters, and tower structures, with a focus on protective relaying of UHV transmission systems. This book gives insights into protective relaying of UHV AC transmission systems and sheds light on the conundrum of protective relaying for the EHV systems. In addition, it elaborates on both traditional relaying and the application of new type current differential protection, distance protection and automatic reclosing, as well as protective schemes for transformers and reactors in UHV transmission systems. This resource will serve as an important reference for technical personnel in network design and operation, as well as students and engineers in related engineering areas.

This book rethinks the way complaints should be interpreted by organisations, looking at them as opportunities to improve rather than things to be avoided. Instead, it argues that effective complaint handling can offer another pathway to ‘informal’ justice as opposed to ‘formal’ justice primarily delivered by courts and tribunals. It can promote procedural fairness, enable access to justice and save time and costs while improving products and services. With practical case study examples and practical approaches grounded in research, it provides informed guidance on the implementation of a complaints handling framework. The book draws on an international range of sources, examining complaints handling in the private and public sectors in Australia, Canada and Europe and integrating best practices from specialised complaints handling bodies, including the UK Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman, Commonwealth Ombudsman in Australia, Federal Ombuds in Canada and the New South Wales Ombudsman. It examines the processes used, how technology is changing the way in which complaints arise and are dealt with, and presents an organisational as well as a complainant perspective.

This book focuses on the emerging topic of embedded artificial intelligence and provides a systematic summary of its principles, platforms, and practices. In the section on principles, it analyzes three main approaches for implementing embedded artificial intelligence: cloud computing mode, local mode, and local-cloud collaborative mode. The book identifies five essential components for implementing embedded artificial intelligence: embedded AI accelerator chips, lightweight neural network algorithms, model compression techniques, compiler optimization techniques, and multi-level cascaded application frameworks. The platform section introduces mainstream embedded AI accelerator chips and software frameworks currently used in the industry. The practical part outlines the development process of embedded artificial intelligence and showcases real-world application examples with accompanying code. As a comprehensive guide to the emerging field of embedded artificial intelligence, the book offers rich and in-depth content, a clear and logical structure, and a balanced approach to both theoretical analysis and practical applications. It provides significant reference value and can serve as an introductory and reference guide for researchers, scholars, students, engineers, and professionals interested in studying and implementing embedded artificial intelligence.

To examine the origins, characteristics, and outcomes of resilient governance with Chinese characteristics, this open access book takes Guangzhou, a typical Chinese city from 1990 to 2015, as an example. Through participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and the collection of secondary data, this book finds that (1) the institutional context can be described as an authoritarian land-oriented pro-growth regime; (2) there are three phases with different patterns of governance: the Primitive Market Phase (1990–1998), the Pure Government Phase (1998–2006) and the Multiple Players Phase (2006–2015); (3) redevelopment can serve as a model of resilient governance because it changes in time in a dynamic environment to maximise economic growth; (4) an authoritarian land-oriented pro-growth regime is the key to support such a resilient governance model. This is an open access book.

The aim of this book is to furnish the reader with a rigorous and detailed exposition of the concept of control parametrization and time scaling transformation. It presents computational solution techniques for a special class of constrained optimal control problems as well as applications to some practical examples. The book may be considered an extension of the 1991 monograph A Uni?ed Computational Approach Optimal Control Problems, by K.L. Teo, C.J. Goh, and K.H. Wong. This publication discusses the development of new theory and computational methods for solving various optimal control problems numerically and in a unified fashion. To keep the book accessible and uniform, it includes those results developed by the authors, their students, and their past and present collaborators. A brief review of methods that are not covered in this exposition, is also included. Knowledge gained from this book may inspire advancement of new techniques to solve complex problemsthat arise in the future. This book is intended as reference for researchers in mathematics, engineering, and other sciences, graduate students and practitioners who apply optimal control methods in their work. It may be appropriate reading material for a graduate level seminar or as a text for a course in optimal control.

The aim of this book is to furnish the reader with a rigorous and detailed exposition of the concept of control parametrization and time scaling transformation. It presents computational solution techniques for a special class of constrained optimal control problems as well as applications to some practical examples. The book may be considered an extension of the 1991 monograph A Uni?ed Computational Approach Optimal Control Problems, by K.L. Teo, C.J. Goh, and K.H. Wong. This publication discusses the development of new theory and computational methods for solving various optimal control problems numerically and in a unified fashion. To keep the book accessible and uniform, it includes those results developed by the authors, their students, and their past and present collaborators. A brief review of methods that are not covered in this exposition, is also included. Knowledge gained from this book may inspire advancement of new techniques to solve complex problemsthat arise in the future. This book is intended as reference for researchers in mathematics, engineering, and other sciences, graduate students and practitioners who apply optimal control methods in their work. It may be appropriate reading material for a graduate level seminar or as a text for a course in optimal control.

This book addresses selected practical applications and recent developments in the areas of quantitative financial modeling in derivatives instruments, some of which are from the authors' own research and practice. It is written from the viewpoint of financial engineers or practitioners, and, as such, it puts more emphasis on the practical applications of financial mathematics in the real market than the mathematics itself with precise (and tedious) technical conditions. It attempts to combine economic insights with mathematics and modeling so as to help the reader to develop intuitions.Among the modeling and the numerical techniques presented are the practical applications of the martingale theories, such as martingale model factory and martingale resampling and interpolation. In addition, the book addresses the counterparty credit risk modeling, pricing, and arbitraging strategies from the perspective of a front office functionality and a revenue center (rather than merely a risk management functionality), which are relatively recent developments and are of increasing importance. It also discusses various trading structuring strategies and touches upon some popular credit/IR/FX hybrid products, such as PRDC, TARN, Snowballs, Snowbears, CCDS, and credit extinguishers.While the primary scope of this book is the fixed-income market (with further focus on the interest rate market), many of the methodologies presented also apply to other financial markets, such as the credit, equity, foreign exchange, and commodity markets.