Bryson Brown

Paraconsistent logic is a theory of reasoning in philosophy that studies inconsistent data. The discipline has several different schools of thought, including preservationism, which responds to the problems that arise when human beings continue to reason when faced with inconsistent data. On Preserving is the first complete account of the Preservationist School, which developed in Canada out of the early work of Raymond Jennings, Peter Schotch, and their students. Assembling the previously scattered works of the Preservationist School, this collection contains all of the most significant works on the basic theory of the preservationist approach to paraconsistent logic. With essays both written and rewritten specifically for this volume, the contributors cover topics that include the motivation for the preservationist approach, as well as more technical results of their research. Concise and unified, On Preserving is the ideal introduction to a distinct philosophical field.

What is evolution? Few ideas are more controversial - and more misunderstood - than the biological theory of evolution. But it's also the case that, as a great scientist once said, Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution. So, if students want to truly understand biology in all of its forms, they will need to understand what evolution - the scientific idea - is. This volume in the Greenwood Guides to Great Ideas in Science series enables the reader to learn what evolution is by charting the course of the ideas of biological change from the ancient time to the present. Accessible and comprehensive, Evolution: A Historical Perspective shows how the great thinkers of the past and present mean when they say something evolved. Evolution: A Historical Perspective discusses the main components that make evolution such a singularly powerful scientific theory: Early attempts at explaining biological change, and scientific attempts to explain discoveries about life on earth; Charles Darwin's introduction of natural selection in The Origin of Species; Gregor Mendel's gene, and the merging of modern genetics and evolution in the Modern Synthesis; James Watson and Francis Crick's discovery of the structure of DNA, and the biochemical explanation for biological change The volume includes a glossary, a timeline of events, and a bibliography of works that will be useful in further research.

The book sets out a new logic of rules, developed to demonstrate how such a logic can contribute to the clarification of historical questions about social rules. The authors illustrate applications of this new logic in their extensive treatments of a variety of accounts of social changes, analysing in these examples the content of particular social rules and the course of changes in them.