Darryl McCullough

This work concerns the diffeomorphism groups of 3-manifolds, in particular of elliptic 3-manifolds. These are the closed 3-manifolds that admit a Riemannian metric of constant positive curvature, now known to be exactly the closed 3-manifolds that have a finite fundamental group. The (Generalized) Smale Conjecture asserts that for any elliptic 3-manifold M, the inclusion from the isometry group of M to its diffeomorphism group is a homotopy equivalence. The original Smale Conjecture, for the 3-sphere, was proven by J. Cerf and A. Hatcher, and N. Ivanov proved the generalized conjecture for many of the elliptic 3-manifolds that contain a geometrically incompressible Klein bottle.The main results establish the Smale Conjecture for all elliptic 3-manifolds containing geometrically incompressible Klein bottles, and for all lens spaces L(m,q) with m at least 3. Additional results imply that for a Haken Seifert-fibered 3 manifold V, the space of Seifert fiberings has contractible components, and apart from a small list of known exceptions, is contractible. Considerable foundational and background

This text investigates a natural question arising in the topological theory of $3$-manifolds, and applies the results to give new information about the deformation theory of hyperbolic $3$-manifolds. It is well known that some compact $3$-manifolds with boundary admit homotopy equivalences that are not homotopic to homeomorphisms. We investigate when the subgroup $\mathcal{R}(M)$ of outer automorphisms of $\pi_1(M)$ which are induced by homeomorphisms of a compact $3$-manifold $M$ has finite index in the group $\operatorname{Out}(\pi_1(M))$ of all outer automorphisms. This question is completely resolved for Haken $3$-manifolds.It is also resolved for many classes of reducible $3$-manifolds and $3$-manifolds with boundary patterns, including all pared $3$-manifolds. The components of the interior $\operatorname{GF}(\pi_1(M))$ of the space $\operatorname{AH}(\pi_1(M))$ of all (marked) hyperbolic $3$-manifolds homotopy equivalent to $M$ are enumerated by the marked homeomorphism types of manifolds homotopy equivalent to $M$, so one may apply the topological results above to study the topology of this deformation space.We show that $\operatorname{GF}(\pi_1(M))$ has finitely many components if and only if either $M$ has incompressible boundary, but no 'double trouble', or $M$ has compressible boundary and is 'small'.(A hyperbolizable $3$-manifold with incompressible boundary has double trouble if and only if there is a thickened torus component of its characteristic submanifold which intersects the boundary in at least two annuli). More generally, the deformation theory of hyperbolic structures on pared manifolds is analyzed. Some expository sections detail Johannson's formulation of the Jaco-Shalen-Johannson characteristic submanifold theory, the topology of pared $3$-manifolds, and the deformation theory of hyperbolic $3$-manifolds. An epilogue discusses related open problems and recent progress in the deformation theory of hyperbolic $3$-manifolds.