David Kyaddondo

Este livro o resultado de um trabalho etnogr fico em Nampologoma, uma vila rural no leste de Uganda. Analisa as mudan as sociais, culturais e morais ocasionadas pelo desenvolvimento da cultura do arroz iniciado na regi o na d cada de 1980. Ele fornece uma compreens o aprofundada dos meandros que acompanham a transforma o de uma economia de subsist ncia rural em uma economia de mercado. Sua abordagem antropol gica vai al m da maneira usual de ver os alimentos em termos de oferta e demanda ou em termos de direitos e prerrogativas. Em vez disso, enfoca a import ncia do contexto sociocultural em que os alimentos s o produzidos e consumidos. A maior depend ncia do dinheiro n o levou necessariamente individualiza o e evas o dos la os sociais. Mas o aumento da disponibilidade e da depend ncia do dinheiro levou a novos tipos de rela es sociais, como aquelas baseadas no cr dito ou na contrata o de m o de obra. Evita a armadilha do julgamento moral, mas tra a um quadro equilibrado dos benef cios e perdas de diferentes atores sociais e da maneira como as mudan as s o moralmente enquadradas e percebidas. O livro levanta quest es pol ticas importantes relacionadas aos planos de Descentraliza o, Moderniza o da Agricultura e Erradica o da Pobreza.

Questo libro il risultato del lavoro etnografico a Nampologoma, un villaggio rurale nell'Uganda orientale. Analizza i cambiamenti sociali, culturali e morali indotti dallo sviluppo della coltivazione del riso iniziato nella zona negli anni '80. Fornisce una comprensione approfondita delle complessit che accompagnano la trasformazione di un'economia di sussistenza rurale in un'economia di mercato. Il suo approccio antropologico va oltre il modo abituale di guardare al cibo in termini di domanda e offerta, o in termini di diritti e diritti. Si concentra piuttosto sull'importanza del contesto socio-culturale in cui il cibo viene prodotto e consumato. La maggiore dipendenza dal denaro non ha necessariamente portato all'individualizzazione e all'evasione dei legami sociali. Ma l'aumento della disponibilit e della dipendenza dal denaro ha portato a nuovi tipi di relazioni sociali, come quelle basate sul credito o l'assunzione di manodopera. Evita la trappola del giudizio morale, ma traccia un quadro equilibrato dei benefici e delle perdite dei diversi attori sociali e del modo in cui i cambiamenti sono moralmente strutturati e percepiti. Il libro solleva importanti questioni politiche relative ai piani di decentramento, modernizzazione dell'agricoltura e eliminazione della povert .

Dieses Buch ist ein Ergebnis ethnografischer Arbeit in Nampologoma, einem l ndlichen Dorf in Ostuganda. Es analysiert die sozialen, kulturellen und moralischen Ver nderungen, die durch die Entwicklung des Reisanbaus in den 1980er Jahren in der Region hervorgerufen wurden. Es bietet ein tiefgreifendes Verst ndnis der Feinheiten, die mit der Umwandlung einer l ndlichen Subsistenzwirtschaft in eine Marktwirtschaft einhergehen. Sein anthropologischer Ansatz geht ber die bliche Sichtweise von Lebensmitteln in Bezug auf Angebot und Nachfrage oder in Bezug auf Rechte und Anspr che hinaus. Es konzentriert sich vielmehr auf die Bedeutung des soziokulturellen Kontexts, in dem Lebensmittel hergestellt und konsumiert werden. Die h here Abh ngigkeit von Geld hat nicht unbedingt zur Individualisierung und Umgehung sozialer Verbindungen gef hrt. Die zunehmende Verf gbarkeit und Abh ngigkeit von Geld hat jedoch zu neuen Arten sozialer Beziehungen gef hrt, beispielsweise zu Krediten oder zur Einstellung von Arbeitskr ften. Es vermeidet die Gefahr moralischen Urteils, zeichnet jedoch ein ausgewogenes Bild der Vorteile und Verluste verschiedener sozialer Akteure und der Art und Weise, wie Ver nderungen moralisch umrahmt und wahrgenommen werden. Das Buch wirft wichtige politische Fragen im Zusammenhang mit Pl nen f r Dezentralisierung, Modernisierung der Landwirtschaft und Armutsbek mpfung auf.

Ta książka jest wynikiem prac etnograficznych w Nampologoma, wiejskiej wiosce we wschodniej Ugandzie. Analizuje zmiany spoleczne, kulturowe i moralne, jakie przyni sl rozw j uprawy ryżu, kt ry rozpocząl się na tym obszarze w latach osiemdziesiątych XX wieku. Zapewnia doglębne zrozumienie zawilości towarzyszących transformacji gospodarki rolnej na wlasne potrzeby w gospodarkę rynkową. Podejście antropologiczne wykracza poza zwykly spos b patrzenia na żywnośc w kategoriach podaży i popytu lub praw i uprawnień. Koncentruje się raczej na znaczeniu kontekstu spoleczno-kulturowego, w kt rym żywnośc jest produkowana i konsumowana. Większe poleganie na pieniądzach niekoniecznie prowadzilo do indywidualizacji i unikania więzi spolecznych. Jednak wzrost dostępności i zależności od pieniędzy doprowadzil do powstania nowych rodzaj w relacji spolecznych, takich jak te oparte na kredytach lub zatrudnianiu sily roboczej. Pozwala uniknąc pulapki oceny moralnej, ale przedstawia wyważony obraz korzyści i strat r żnych aktor w spolecznych oraz sposobu, w jaki moralnie określa się i postrzega zmiany. Książka porusza ważne kwestie polityczne związane z decentralizacją, modernizacją rolnictwa i planami zwalczania ub stwa.

Ce livre est le r sultat d'un travail ethnographique Nampologoma, un village rural de l'est de l'Ouganda. Il analyse les changements sociaux, culturels et moraux induits par le d veloppement de la riziculture qui a commenc dans la r gion dans les ann es 1980. Il fournit une compr hension approfondie des subtilit s qui accompagnent la transformation d'une conomie rurale de subsistance en une conomie de march . Son approche anthropologique va au-del de la mani re habituelle de consid rer la nourriture en termes d'offre et de demande, ou en termes de droits et de droits. Il met plut t l'accent sur l'importance du contexte socioculturel dans lequel les aliments sont produits et consomm s. Le recours accru l'argent n'a pas n cessairement conduit l'individualisation et l' vasion des liens sociaux. Mais l'augmentation de la disponibilit et de la d pendance l'argent a conduit de nouveaux types de relations sociales, comme celles bas es sur le cr dit ou l'embauche de main-d'oeuvre. Il vite l' cueil du jugement moral, mais dresse un tableau quilibr des avantages et des pertes des diff rents acteurs sociaux et de la mani re dont les changements sont encadr s et per us moralement. Le livre soul ve d'importantes questions de politique relatives aux plans de d centralisation, de modernisation de l'agriculture et d' radication de la pauvret .

This report is among the first analyses in Africa to examine how parents and communities have taken up the challenge of feeding their children during the school day. It carries important messages for countries throughout Africa and beyond that are seeking to develop sustainable, community-led school feeding programmes.Many school systems in Africa have expanded through the introduction of mass education. Uganda has been at the forefront of this reform process and currently grappling with improving the quality of education as is the case with many other countries in the region. Quality enhancement efforts are focused on provision of key inputs. However, with 92 percent of rural children attending school without breakfast and more than 70 percent spending the school day without lunch-there may be a missing element in realising the desired outcomes. Children who are hungry and/or unhealthy cannot learn, and it also affects their ability to attend and complete school. The book underscores the potential for Uganda to unleash the power of this legislated partnership with parents by removing some of the barriers that currently prevent parents from realising their full potential to play a role in feeding their children at school. The analysis is grounded on direct observation of sparsely spread school experiences, together with an examination of the cost implications for a national school feeding program. Various school feeding options that could be made available for parents are presented. The need for Government to think beyond a single modality and instead to recognize the need for multiple approaches that reflect the socioeconomic and cultural heterogeneity across households and geographical zones in Uganda stressed. This could be achieved through a sustained and school-led dialogue guided by clear policy spelling out the roles and responsibilities of duty bearers at various levels. The book also recognises that school feeding not only addresses education needs, but also has the potential to provide a productive safety net by targeting the extremely poor and those vulnerable to exclusion. The emerging role for government to support parental efforts with complementary programmes such as de-worming and other school health initiatives is also articulated.