Donette Murray

This book offers a fresh assessment of George W. Bush’s foreign policies.It is not designed to offer an evaluation of the totality of George W. Bush’s foreign policy. Instead, the analysis will focus on the key aspects of his foreign and security policy record, in each case considering the interplay between principle and pragmatism. The underpinning contention here is that policy formulation and implementation across Bush’s two terms can more usefully be analysed in terms of shades of grey, rather than the black and white hues in which it has often been painted. Thus, in some key policy areas it will be seen that the overall record was more pragmatic and successful than his many critics have been prepared to give him credit for. The president and his advisers were sometimes prepared to alter and amend their policy direction, on occasion significantly. Context and personalities, interpersonal and interagency, both played a role here. Where these came together most visibly – for instance in connection with dual impasses over Iraq and Iran – exigencies on the ground sometimes found expression in personnel changes. In turn, the changing fortunes of Bush’s first term principals presaged policy changes in his second. What emerges from a more detached study of key aspects of the Bush administration – during a complicated and challenging period in the United States’ post-Cold War history, marked by the dramatic emergence of international Islamist terrorism as the dominant international security threat – is a more complex picture than any generalization can ever hope to sustain, regardless of how often it is repeated.This book will be of much interest to students of US foreign policy, international politics and security studies.

This book offers a fresh assessment of George W. Bush’s foreign policies.It is not designed to offer an evaluation of the totality of George W. Bush’s foreign policy. Instead, the analysis will focus on the key aspects of his foreign and security policy record, in each case considering the interplay between principle and pragmatism. The underpinning contention here is that policy formulation and implementation across Bush’s two terms can more usefully be analysed in terms of shades of grey, rather than the black and white hues in which it has often been painted. Thus, in some key policy areas it will be seen that the overall record was more pragmatic and successful than his many critics have been prepared to give him credit for. The president and his advisers were sometimes prepared to alter and amend their policy direction, on occasion significantly. Context and personalities, interpersonal and interagency, both played a role here. Where these came together most visibly – for instance in connection with dual impasses over Iraq and Iran – exigencies on the ground sometimes found expression in personnel changes. In turn, the changing fortunes of Bush’s first term principals presaged policy changes in his second. What emerges from a more detached study of key aspects of the Bush administration – during a complicated and challenging period in the United States’ post-Cold War history, marked by the dramatic emergence of international Islamist terrorism as the dominant international security threat – is a more complex picture than any generalization can ever hope to sustain, regardless of how often it is repeated.This book will be of much interest to students of US foreign policy, international politics and security studies.

US Foreign Policy and Iran is a study of US foreign policy decision-making in relation to Iran and its implications for Middle Eastern relations. It offers a new assessment of US-Iranian relations by exploring the rationale, effectiveness and consequences of American policy towards Iran from the aftermath of the 1979 Iranian Revolution to the present day. As a key country in a turbulent region and the recipient of some of the most inconsistent treatment meted out during or after the Cold War, Iran has been both one of America's closest allies and an 'axis of evil' or 'rogue' state, targeted by covert action and contained by sanctions, diplomatic isolation and the threat of overt action. Moreover, since the attacks of 11 September 2001, Iran has played a significant role in the war on terror while also incurring American wrath for its links to international terror and its alleged pursuit of a nuclear weapons programme.US Foreign Policy and Iran will be of interest to students of US foreign policy, Iran, Middle Eastern Politics and international security in generalDonette Murray is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Defence and International Affairs at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. She was awarded a PhD in International History by the University of Ulster in 1997.

US Foreign Policy and Iran is a study of US foreign policy decision-making in relation to Iran and its implications for Middle Eastern relations. It offers a new assessment of US-Iranian relations by exploring the rationale, effectiveness and consequences of American policy towards Iran from the aftermath of the 1979 Iranian Revolution to the present day. As a key country in a turbulent region and the recipient of some of the most inconsistent treatment meted out during or after the Cold War, Iran has been both one of America's closest allies and an 'axis of evil' or 'rogue' state, targeted by covert action and contained by sanctions, diplomatic isolation and the threat of overt action. Moreover, since the attacks of 11 September 2001, Iran has played a significant role in the war on terror while also incurring American wrath for its links to international terror and its alleged pursuit of a nuclear weapons programme.US Foreign Policy and Iran will be of interest to students of US foreign policy, Iran, Middle Eastern Politics and international security in generalDonette Murray is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Defence and International Affairs at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. She was awarded a PhD in International History by the University of Ulster in 1997.

American foreign policy is fundamental to any understanding of how the post-war world has been shaped. This insightful and wide-ranging book analyses the policies pursued by each presidency from that of Harry Truman to George W. Bush, and reviews the far-reaching consequences of these actions. Taking into account the most recent research and scholarly interpretations, T. G. Fraser and Donette Murray examine the priorities of each successive administration and how these have had to adapt under the pressure of events on a global scale.America and the World since 1945- focuses on the origins and course of the Cold War- explains major crises and developments, such as the Truman Doctrine, the nature of containment, the Cuban Missile Crisis, Berlin, arms control and detente- features analysis of how America became involved in armed conflict, as in Korea, the Gulf, the Balkans and Vietnam- looks at American action in relation to the Arab-Israeli conflict, as well as interventions in Latin America and Africa- traces the evolution of policy towards China- studies conventional diplomacy alongside the use of intelligence and covert activity- examines the dynamics of the post-Cold War worldClear in its approach, this book is essential reading for anyone with an interest in America's relationship with the rest of the world from the end of the Second World War up to the aftermath of the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in September 2001.

Kennedy, Macmillan and Nuclear Weapons makes exhaustive use of newly-opened archive sources in a successful bid to offer an authoritative and compelling account of Anglo-American defence relations during the presidency of John F. Kennedy. This coherent and well-written survey presents the most comprehensive and up-to-date analysis yet of Anglo-American relations during the early 1960s. Reserving special attention for those intriguing questions traditionally left unanswered by historians the author goes about a systematic review of the period and in the process comes to some remarkable conclusions.