Efim N. Rosenwasser

Dieses Buch widmet sich dem Problem der Sampled-Data-Regelung endlich-dimensionaler linearer kontinuierlicher periodischer Objekte (FDLCP). Es füllt eine Forschungslücke bei der Behandlung dieses wichtigen Themas. Die hier vorgestellten Methoden basieren auf der parametrischen Übertragungsmatrix, die sich bei der Untersuchung von Sampled-Data-Systemen mit linearen zeitinvarianten Objekten bewährt hat. Das Buch zeigt, dass dieses Konzept erfolgreich auf Sampled-Data-Systeme mit FDLCP-Objekten übertragen werden kann. Es ist in fünf Teile gegliedert: eine Einführung in den Frequenzansatz zur mathematischen Beschreibung von FDLCP-Objekten einschließlich der Bestimmung ihrer Struktur und ihrer Darstellung als Reihenschaltung von periodischen Modulatoren und einem linearen zeitinvarianten Objekt;die Konstruktion der parametrischen Übertragungsmatrix für verschiedene Arten von offenen und geschlossenen Abtastsystemen mit FDLCP-Objekten;die Lösung vonProblemen der kausalen modalen Steuerung von FDLCP-Objekten auf der Grundlage des mathematischen Apparats der determinierten Polynomgleichungen;die Betrachtung des Problems der Konstruktion eines quadratischen Qualitätsfunktionals für das H2-Optimierungsproblem eines einschleifigen synchronen Sampled-Data-Systems mit Totzeit in der Stellgröße;Beschreibung des allgemeinen H2-Optimierungsverfahrens. Das notwendige mathematische Referenzmaterial ist an den relevanten Stellen des Buches enthalten. Sampled-Data-Regelung für periodische Objekte richtet sich an Wissenschaftler und Ingenieure, die sich mit der Erforschung und dem Entwurf von Systemen mit FDLCP-Objekten befassen, an Doktoranden, die ihre Kompetenzen erweitern wollen, an ihre Dozenten und an Mathematiker, die auf dem Gebiet der Regelungstheorie arbeiten.

This book is devoted to the problem of sampled-data control of finite-dimensional linear continuous periodic (FDLCP) objects. It fills a deficit in coverage of this important subject. The methods presented here are based on the parametric transfer matrix, which has proven successful in the study of sampled-data systems with linear time-invariant objects. The book shows that this concept can be successfully transferred to sampled-data systems with FDLCP objects. It is set out in five parts:· · an introduction to the frequency approach for the mathematical description of FDLCP objects including the determination of their structure and their representation as a serial connection of periodic modulators and a linear time-invariant object; · construction of parametric transfer matrix for different types of open and closed sampled-data systems with FDLCP objects; · the solution of problems of causal modal control of FDLCP objects based on the mathematical apparatus of determinant polynomial equations; · consideration of the problem of constructing a quadratic quality functional for the H2-optimization problem of a single-loop synchronous sampled-data system with control delay; · description of the general H2-optimization procedure. Necessary mathematical reference material is included at relevant points in the book. Sampled-Data Control for Periodic Objects is of use to: scientists and engineers involved in research and design of systems of systems with FDLCP objects; graduate students wishing to broaden their scope of competence; their instructors; and mathematicians working in thefield of control theory.

This book is devoted to the problem of sampled-data control of finite-dimensional linear continuous periodic (FDLCP) objects. It fills a deficit in coverage of this important subject. The methods presented here are based on the parametric transfer matrix, which has proven successful in the study of sampled-data systems with linear time-invariant objects. The book shows that this concept can be successfully transferred to sampled-data systems with FDLCP objects. It is set out in five parts:· · an introduction to the frequency approach for the mathematical description of FDLCP objects including the determination of their structure and their representation as a serial connection of periodic modulators and a linear time-invariant object; · construction of parametric transfer matrix for different types of open and closed sampled-data systems with FDLCP objects; · the solution of problems of causal modal control of FDLCP objects based on the mathematical apparatus of determinant polynomial equations; · consideration of the problem of constructing a quadratic quality functional for the H2-optimization problem of a single-loop synchronous sampled-data system with control delay; · description of the general H2-optimization procedure. Necessary mathematical reference material is included at relevant points in the book. Sampled-Data Control for Periodic Objects is of use to: scientists and engineers involved in research and design of systems of systems with FDLCP objects; graduate students wishing to broaden their scope of competence; their instructors; and mathematicians working in thefield of control theory.

Computer-Controlled Systems with Delay is a systematic study of the problems of analysis and synthesis for multidimensional sampled-data (SD) systems with delay. It is based on the frequency polynomial method, in which the concept of a parametric transfer matrix (PTM) plays a key role. Until now, no alternative general methods have been available to solve the above problems. The text is divided into three parts: background information from the theory of polynomial and rational matrices, helps the reader to acquire the basic understanding necessary to use the main content of the book without addressing additional sources; methods for the mathematical description of multidimensional SD systems with delay, based on the concept of the PTM; and optimization methods for multidimensional SD systems with delay, including H2 andL2 optimization as well as H2 optimization for colored input signals. The monograph is completed by three appendices. An algorithm for constructing the set of pathological sampling periods for a continuous SISO object with delay is provided first. MATLAB®-toolbox algorithms representing methods described in the book and application examples for selected optimization problems are given in the second. A solution to the problem of guaranteeing the required performance in a class of stochastic disturbances for SD systems with delay is considered in the third. Computer-Controlled Systems with Delay is intended for engineers, scientists and teachers working in modern control theory. It will also benefit post-graduate students taking courses in related disciplines. The book continues the description of the authors’ research results on developing methods for SD systems theory which are based onthe PTM concept and published in the monographs Computer Controlled Systems and Multivariable Computer-controlled Systems.

Computer-Controlled Systems with Delay is a systematic study of the problems of analysis and synthesis for multidimensional sampled-data (SD) systems with delay. It is based on the frequency polynomial method, in which the concept of a parametric transfer matrix (PTM) plays a key role. Until now, no alternative general methods have been available to solve the above problems. The text is divided into three parts: background information from the theory of polynomial and rational matrices, helps the reader to acquire the basic understanding necessary to use the main content of the book without addressing additional sources; methods for the mathematical description of multidimensional SD systems with delay, based on the concept of the PTM; and optimization methods for multidimensional SD systems with delay, including H2 andL2 optimization as well as H2 optimization for colored input signals. The monograph is completed by three appendices. An algorithm for constructing the set of pathological sampling periods for a continuous SISO object with delay is provided first. MATLAB®-toolbox algorithms representing methods described in the book and application examples for selected optimization problems are given in the second. A solution to the problem of guaranteeing the required performance in a class of stochastic disturbances for SD systems with delay is considered in the third. Computer-Controlled Systems with Delay is intended for engineers, scientists and teachers working in modern control theory. It will also benefit post-graduate students taking courses in related disciplines. The book continues the description of the authors’ research results on developing methods for SD systems theory which are based onthe PTM concept and published in the monographs Computer Controlled Systems and Multivariable Computer-controlled Systems.

Digital elements such as signal processors, microcontrollers or industrial PCs are widely used for filtering and control of continuous-time processes or plants. Because of the serial operation mode of these digital elements the continuous­ time processes cannot be served continuously. That is why continuous-time and discrete-time signals occur simultaneously in systems of this kind. The continuous (real) time also contains the discrete time instants - therefore, a complete and accurate description of such systems in continuous time is pos­ sible. However, this description proves to be more complicated, because the hybrid system becomes time-variable, also in cases, where all continuous-time processes and all digital elements are time invariant. Often digital elements operate with a fixed time period T, that leads to a periodically time-variable system. Besides the time sampling the use of analogue to digital and digital to analogue converters together with the finite numerical precision of the processors also results in amplitude quantization of the measuring and control signals. Taking into account these effects would lead to nonlinear models. Because these effects are often of minor influence but difficult in handling, in theory and practice it is generally accepted to consider mainly the pure time-quantization effect. Systems containing both continuous-time and discrete-time signals are usually called sampled-data systems (SD systems).

Although the transfer function approach is widely used in classical control theory, computer-controlled continuous-time processes are a very important subset of periodic sampled-data systems which are not treatable using ordinary transfer functions. The authors show how parametric transfer functions, which incorporate time-dependence, can be used to give a complete exposition of analysis and design methods for multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) sampled-data systems. Multivariable Computer-controlled Systems is divided into three parts: - Preliminary algebraic material necessary in later chapters. - Control problems, important in their own right but also having a substantial bearing on what follows. - Frequency methods for the investigation of MIMO sampled-data systems (parametric discrete-time models; stability; stochastic methods; H2 optimization and L2 design). Appendices covering basic mathematical formulae and two MATLAB® toolboxes round out this self-contained guide.

Although the transfer function approach is widely used in classical control theory, computer-controlled continuous-time processes are a very important subset of periodic sampled-data systems which are not treatable using ordinary transfer functions. The authors show how parametric transfer functions, which incorporate time-dependence, can be used to give a complete exposition of analysis and design methods for multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) sampled-data systems. Multivariable Computer-controlled Systems is divided into three parts: - Preliminary algebraic material necessary in later chapters. - Control problems, important in their own right but also having a substantial bearing on what follows. - Frequency methods for the investigation of MIMO sampled-data systems (parametric discrete-time models; stability; stochastic methods; H2 optimization and L2 design). Appendices covering basic mathematical formulae and two MATLAB® toolboxes round out this self-contained guide.

Digital elements such as signal processors, microcontrollers or industrial PCs are widely used for filtering and control of continuous-time processes or plants. Because of the serial operation mode of these digital elements the continuous­ time processes cannot be served continuously. That is why continuous-time and discrete-time signals occur simultaneously in systems of this kind. The continuous (real) time also contains the discrete time instants - therefore, a complete and accurate description of such systems in continuous time is pos­ sible. However, this description proves to be more complicated, because the hybrid system becomes time-variable, also in cases, where all continuous-time processes and all digital elements are time invariant. Often digital elements operate with a fixed time period T, that leads to a periodically time-variable system. Besides the time sampling the use of analogue to digital and digital to analogue converters together with the finite numerical precision of the processors also results in amplitude quantization of the measuring and control signals. Taking into account these effects would lead to nonlinear models. Because these effects are often of minor influence but difficult in handling, in theory and practice it is generally accepted to consider mainly the pure time-quantization effect. Systems containing both continuous-time and discrete-time signals are usually called sampled-data systems (SD systems).