Eman Moustafa Abdel Azim

The Abbasids welcomed the Turks, especially after the reign of the Caliph al-Ma'mun, and they imitated major positions in the army and administration, so they became ministers and governors. Ahmed Ibn Tulun, founder of the first independent states in Islamic Egypt, which was attributed to him, and was named after him "The TulunidState" (254-292AH/868-905 AD), although not the first in The assumption ofthe Islamic mandate of Egypt, where many preceded him, we mention among them: "Abu Jaafar Ashnas al-Turki" (219-230 AH / 834-844 AD) by a traditionof the Abbasid Caliph al-Mu'tasim (218-227 AH / 833-842 AD), and "Itakh alTurki" (230-235 AH / 844-849AD) by imitating an emirate or state from theCaliph Al-Wathiq (227-232 AH / 842-847AD), As well as "Al-Fath Bin KhaqanIbn Artq" (242-247 AH / 856-861 AD) by Al-Mutawakkil (232-247 AH /847861 AD), and Emir Muzahim bin Khaqan (253 AH / 867 AD), by the Abbasid Caliph Al-Mu'taz Billah (252-255 AH)/866-869AD), and after him, his son: Ahmad ibn Muzahim in the year (254 AH / 868 AD), who died shortly after, followed by Prince Bakbak al-Turki, who stood directly behind the coming of Ahmad Ibn Tulun to the state of Egypt.

After the Islamic conquest, and the defeat of the military leaders from Rome byzantium, then their final evacuation from it, and the stability of the Arab Muslims on its soil, Egypt turned into one of the states of the Islamic caliphate state only by land without the parish and the people, it is objective to mention, yes, the state of Egypt included the land, so did it join The parish for the state of Islam, as the earth joined, did the parish come out of the Roman, Byzantine, Christian domination, to melt into the crucible of the new light religion, and we mean: Islam or not? In another saying: How did Egypt rule politically after the stability of the Arab Muslims "the new conquerors"? Did you 'rule a land and a people', or 'ruled a land only without the parish and the people entering the religion of the rising caliphate state ? does Egypt start with the Islamic conquest a new stage of freedom and political independence? Or was the Islamic conquest a general stage for the Romans in general in the political dependency, or what some call political occupation.