Ericka Johnson

The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.tandfebooks.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. An exploration of how global pharmaceutical products are localized - of what happens when they become ‘glocal’ - this book examines the tensions that exist between a global pharmaceutical market and the locally bounded discourses and regulations encountered as markets are created for new drugs in particular contexts. Employing the case study of the emergence, representation and regulation of Viagra in the Swedish market, Glocal Pharma offers analyses of commercial material, medical discourses and legal documents to show how a Swedish, Viagra-consuming subject has been constructed in relation to the drug and how Viagra is imagined in relation to the Swedish man.Engaging with debates about pharmaceuticalization, the authors consider the ways in which new identities are created around drugs, the redefinition of health problems as sites of pharmaceutical treatment and changes in practices of governance to reflect the entrance of pharmaceuticals to the market. With attention to ‘local’ contexts, it reveals elements in the nexus of pharmaceutcalization that are receptive to cultural elements as new products become embedded in local markets.An empirically informed study of the the ways in which the presence of a drug can alter the concept of a disease and its treatment, understandings of who suffers from it and how to cure it - both locally and internationally - this book will appeal to scholars of sociology and science and technology studies with interests in globalization, pharmaceuticals, gender and the sociology of medicine.

This book explores the ‘material-discursive entanglement’ of how we both make the world with our words and how the materiality of the world forces us to put words on it. Beginning with the conundrum of how the things that make up our world are both shaped by and shape the ways in which we talk about, engage with and think about them, the author accepts the entanglement and then works backwards, using the metaphor of refraction to help articulate the structures, values and norms that discursively shape our world and our selves in it. Through a series of empirical examples taken from work on medical technologies and the body, Refracting through Technologies shows how researchers and designers can use material things – technologies – to refract discourses and articulate the concerns and voices producing them. Refraction as a metaphor is thus revealed to be an important concept, enabling scholars to apply analytical work to political concerns about the technological world. As such, it will appeal to scholars of sociology, science and technology studies, philosophy and design with interests in technoscience, feminist thought and social theory.

This book explores the ‘material-discursive entanglement’ of how we both make the world with our words and how the materiality of the world forces us to put words on it. Beginning with the conundrum of how the things that make up our world are both shaped by and shape the ways in which we talk about, engage with and think about them, the author accepts the entanglement and then works backwards, using the metaphor of refraction to help articulate the structures, values and norms that discursively shape our world and our selves in it. Through a series of empirical examples taken from work on medical technologies and the body, Refracting through Technologies shows how researchers and designers can use material things – technologies – to refract discourses and articulate the concerns and voices producing them. Refraction as a metaphor is thus revealed to be an important concept, enabling scholars to apply analytical work to political concerns about the technological world. As such, it will appeal to scholars of sociology, science and technology studies, philosophy and design with interests in technoscience, feminist thought and social theory.

Mänsklighetens samlade kunskap kan beskrivas som ett stort pussel. Bitar av nytt vetande bygger på och hakar i den tidigare samlade förståelsen om världen vi existerar i. Kunskap från olika vetenskapsområden bygger upp motiven som tillsammans bildar pusslets helhet. Små pusselbitar, till synes isolerade kan leda till stora genombrott när de plötsligt får ett sammanhang från ett angränsande område. I denna essäsamling har ledamöter i Sveriges unga akademi samlat texter om sina olika vetenskapsfält. Liksom kalejdoskopet rymmer boken infallsvinklar från många delar av forskningsfronten och bildar tillsammans en helhet som är något större än varje enskild del. En gemensam nämnare i skildringarna av forskarnas vardag är den otroliga nyfikenhet som driver fram ny kunskap. Ett öppet sinne och ett förutsättningslöst sökande, är närmast en naturlag för att skapa nytt vetande. Det kan tyckas lockande som beslutsfattare att rikta satsningar på forskning mot strategiska mål. Men utan den grundläggande forskning som dag efter dag och år efter år bedrivs kommer aldrig nya mönster att framträda. Vi kan inte säkert veta idag var avgörande genombrott väntar. Lösningar på dagens utmaningar kan som så många gånger förr framträda på oväntat håll. Ledamöterna inom Sveriges unga akademi representerar ett brett urval av olika vetenskapsområden. Under akademins möten träffas de och får möjlighet till en djupare inblick i respektive fälts stora utmaningar. Genom dessa tvärvetenskapliga möten kan nya frågeställningar formuleras och utforskas genom den bildliga vridningen av kalejdoskopets tub. Därmed finns det redan en rik källa av kunskap att ösa ur när stora samhällsutmaningar tornar upp sig och mänskligheten kan stå lite mer förberedd.

Införandet av e-hälsotjänster beskrivs som ett paradigmskifte som ska öka patienters delaktighet, valfrihet och makt samt ge ökad transparens i vården. Budskapet är att framtida vårdbehov ska tillgodoses utan ökade resurser och att e-hälsa är en del av lösningen. I boken På tal om e-hälsa görs en nödvändig nyansering av denna bild genom ett brett och flervetenskapligt angreppssätt där tio författare från sex olika lärosäten ger sina perspektiv på e-hälsa.E-hälsa är inte bara teknik. Syftet med boken är att öka förståelsen av e-hälsa som ett samtida samhällsfenomen. Här diskuteras bland annat frågor som: Hur kan e-hälsa begripliggöras, kritiskt analyseras, kontextualiseras och appliceras? Vad säger den om oss och vår samtid? Vilka är de juridiska och etiska implikationerna? Hur kan vi förstå e-hälsa som övervakningsteknologi, som medieinnehåll och som konsumenttrend? Den mångfacetterade bild som boken ger bidrar till en ökad förståelse av digitaliseringen av hälsa bland studenter, forskare, praktiker och beslutsfattare.

The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.tandfebooks.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. An exploration of how global pharmaceutical products are localized - of what happens when they become ‘glocal’ - this book examines the tensions that exist between a global pharmaceutical market and the locally bounded discourses and regulations encountered as markets are created for new drugs in particular contexts. Employing the case study of the emergence, representation and regulation of Viagra in the Swedish market, Glocal Pharma offers analyses of commercial material, medical discourses and legal documents to show how a Swedish, Viagra-consuming subject has been constructed in relation to the drug and how Viagra is imagined in relation to the Swedish man.Engaging with debates about pharmaceuticalization, the authors consider the ways in which new identities are created around drugs, the redefinition of health problems as sites of pharmaceutical treatment and changes in practices of governance to reflect the entrance of pharmaceuticals to the market. With attention to ‘local’ contexts, it reveals elements in the nexus of pharmaceutcalization that are receptive to cultural elements as new products become embedded in local markets.An empirically informed study of the the ways in which the presence of a drug can alter the concept of a disease and its treatment, understandings of who suffers from it and how to cure it - both locally and internationally - this book will appeal to scholars of sociology and science and technology studies with interests in globalization, pharmaceuticals, gender and the sociology of medicine.

In the American media, Russian mail-order brides are often portrayed either as docile victims or as gold diggers in search of money and green cards. Rarely are they allowed to speak for themselves. Until now. In Dreaming of a Mail-Order Husband, six Russian women who are in search of or have already found U.S. husbands via listings on the Internet tell their stories. Ericka Johnson, an American researcher of gender and technology, interviewed these women and others. The women, in their twenties and thirties, describe how they placed listings on the Internet and what they think about their contacts with Western men. They discuss their expectations about marriage in the United States and their reasons for wishing to emigrate. Their differing backgrounds, economic situations, and educational levels belie homogeneous characterizations of Russian mail-order brides.Each chapter presents one woman’s story and then links it to a discussion of gender roles, the mail-order bride industry, and the severe economic and social constraints of life in Russia. The transitional economy has often left people, after a month’s work, either unpaid or paid unexpectedly with a supply of sunflower oil or toilet paper. Women over twenty-three are considered virtually unmarriageable in Russian society. Russia has a large population of women who are single, divorced, or widowed, who would like to be married yet feel that they have no chance finding a Russian husband. Grim realities such as these motivate women to seek better lives abroad. For many of those seeking a mail-order husband, children or parents play significant roles in the search for better lives, and they play a role in Johnson’s account as well. In addition to her research in the former Soviet Union, Johnson conducted interviews in the United States, and she shares the insights-about dating, marriage, and cross-cultural communication-of a Russian-American married couple who met via the Internet.

In the American media, Russian mail-order brides are often portrayed either as docile victims or as gold diggers in search of money and green cards. Rarely are they allowed to speak for themselves. Until now. In Dreaming of a Mail-Order Husband, six Russian women who are in search of or have already found U.S. husbands via listings on the Internet tell their stories. Ericka Johnson, an American researcher of gender and technology, interviewed these women and others. The women, in their twenties and thirties, describe how they placed listings on the Internet and what they think about their contacts with Western men. They discuss their expectations about marriage in the United States and their reasons for wishing to emigrate. Their differing backgrounds, economic situations, and educational levels belie homogeneous characterizations of Russian mail-order brides.Each chapter presents one woman’s story and then links it to a discussion of gender roles, the mail-order bride industry, and the severe economic and social constraints of life in Russia. The transitional economy has often left people, after a month’s work, either unpaid or paid unexpectedly with a supply of sunflower oil or toilet paper. Women over twenty-three are considered virtually unmarriageable in Russian society. Russia has a large population of women who are single, divorced, or widowed, who would like to be married yet feel that they have no chance finding a Russian husband. Grim realities such as these motivate women to seek better lives abroad. For many of those seeking a mail-order husband, children or parents play significant roles in the search for better lives, and they play a role in Johnson’s account as well. In addition to her research in the former Soviet Union, Johnson conducted interviews in the United States, and she shares the insights-about dating, marriage, and cross-cultural communication-of a Russian-American married couple who met via the Internet.

Technically advanced machines are not automatically useful teaching tools. Ericka Johnson has studied computer simulators and their integration into medical education. She has analysed videotape of simulator sessions, interviewed instructors and students, and observed students practising medicine, both on the simulators and in hospital wards. Starting from the understanding that learning is situated in practice, she examines simulations and the parallels they have with the existing learning practices that the students encounter in their medical apprenticeship. Johnson shows how instructors reconstitute patient bodies and medical practices in simulations. She looks at how the simulations are situated in the context of the teaching hospital and the identity construction present in both the clinical clerkship and the simulations. Her work suggests ways in which simulations can and should extend beyond the teaching of specific skills, to be made relevant to the medical training.