Fang Liu

Brain and Nature-Inspired Learning, Computation and Recognition presents a systematic analysis of neural networks, natural computing, machine learning and compression, algorithms and applications inspired by the brain and biological mechanisms found in nature. Sections cover new developments and main applications, algorithms and simulations. Developments in brain and nature-inspired learning have promoted interest in image processing, clustering problems, change detection, control theory and other disciplines. The book discusses the main problems and applications pertaining to bio-inspired computation and recognition, introducing algorithm implementation, model simulation, and practical application of parameter setting. Readers will find solutions to problems in computation and recognition, particularly neural networks, natural computing, machine learning and compressed sensing. This volume offers a comprehensive and well-structured introduction to brain and nature-inspired learning, computation, and recognition.

The book focuses on the topology and modulation of non-isolated and isolated high-power DC/DC converters. Firstly, two non-isolated soft-switching resonant step-up structures are proposed. Secondly, the auxiliary-and-main-currents-diversion idea is introduced to significantly reduce the switching loss of the converter, based on which a series of isolated ZCS resonant converters is proposed. Thirdly, the transformer magnetic flux density of isolated resonant converter is totally studied and an asymmetric pulse frequency modulation is proposed to avoid the transformer saturation problem. Finally, three different types of ±35kV/500kW DC grid-connected converters are successfully demonstrated in Zhangbei Renewable Energy Base of China.

This book focuses on adaptive iterative learning control problem for nonlinear time-delay systems.A universal adaptive learning control scheme is provided for a wide classes of nonlinear systems with time-varying delay and input nonlinearity. Proceeding from easy to difficult, this book deals with the adaptive iterative learning control problems for parameterized nonlinear time-delay systems, non-parameterized nonlinear time-delay systems, nonlinear time-delay systems with unknown control direction and nonlinear time-delay systems with un-measurable states. The proposed control schemes can be extended to the adaptive learning control problem for wider classes of nonlinear systems revelent to abovementioned nonlinear systems.The topics presented in this book are research hot spots of iterative learning control. This book will be a valuable reference for researchers and students working or studying in this area.

This book focuses on adaptive iterative learning control problem for nonlinear time-delay systems.A universal adaptive learning control scheme is provided for a wide classes of nonlinear systems with time-varying delay and input nonlinearity. Proceeding from easy to difficult, this book deals with the adaptive iterative learning control problems for parameterized nonlinear time-delay systems, non-parameterized nonlinear time-delay systems, nonlinear time-delay systems with unknown control direction and nonlinear time-delay systems with un-measurable states. The proposed control schemes can be extended to the adaptive learning control problem for wider classes of nonlinear systems revelent to abovementioned nonlinear systems.The topics presented in this book are research hot spots of iterative learning control. This book will be a valuable reference for researchers and students working or studying in this area.

Le 12 novembre 2001, la Chine est entr e l'OMC en tant que pays en d veloppement. Il s'agissait d'une tape importante dans la mise en oeuvre de la politique fondamentale de la Chine en mati re d'ouverture sur le monde ext rieur, et elle a cr d'excellentes conditions pour sa participation future au commerce international et la mondialisation conomique. Mais ces derni res ann es, une nouvelle tendance est apparue dans le commerce mondial: certains pays d velopp s ont cr un obstacle l'entr e d'autres pays sur leur march int rieur pour de nouveaux changes en imposant une norme de qualit environnementale plus lev e que celle des pays en d veloppement. Ils utilisent une norme environnementale lev e comme condition d'entr e, afin de restreindre les importations, avec pour r sultat que la barri re commerciale traditionnelle est maintenant compl t e par une nouvelle barri re environnementale - une "barri re commerciale verte". En ce qui concerne les questions ci-dessus, ce livre pr sente tout d'abord le contexte dans lequel les barri res commerciales vertes sont apparues dans le commerce international, puis nous analysons leurs caract ristiques de base et leurs influences multiples facettes sur le commerce d'exportation de la Chine. Apr s toute cette analyse, nous sugg rons quelques contre-mesures potentielles, tant au niveau micro conomique que macro conomique, pour surmonter la barri re commerciale verte

Il 12 novembre 2001 la Cina entrata nell'OMC in qualit di paese in via di sviluppo. Questo stato un passo importante nell'attuazione della fondamentale politica di apertura della Cina al mondo esterno e ha creato condizioni eccellenti per la sua ulteriore partecipazione al commercio internazionale e alla globalizzazione economica. Ma negli ultimi anni apparsa una nuova tendenza nel commercio mondiale: alcuni Paesi sviluppati hanno creato una barriera all'ingresso di altri nei loro mercati interni per nuovi scambi commerciali imponendo uno standard di qualit ambientale pi elevato rispetto a quello dei Paesi in via di sviluppo. Essi utilizzano un elevato standard ambientale come condizione per l'ingresso, al fine di limitare le importazioni, con il risultato che la tradizionale barriera commerciale stata ora integrata da una nuova barriera ambientale - una "barriera commerciale verde". Per quanto riguarda le questioni di cui sopra, in primo luogo, questo libro presenta il contesto in cui le barriere commerciali verdi sono apparse nel commercio internazionale, e poi analizziamo le loro caratteristiche di base e le molteplici influenze sul commercio d'esportazione della Cina. Dopo tutta l'analisi, suggeriamo alcune potenziali contromisure sia a livello micro che macro per superare la barriera del commercio verde

W dniu 12 listopada 2001 r. Chiny przystąpily do WTO w charakterze kraju rozwijającego się. Byl to ważny krok w realizacji podstawowej polityki otwarcia się Chin na świat zewnętrzny i stworzyl doskonale warunki dla ich dalszego udzialu w handlu międzynarodowym i globalizacji gospodarczej. Jednak w ostatnich latach pojawila się nowa tendencja w handlu światowym: niekt re kraje rozwinięte stworzyly barierę utrudniającą innym wejście na swoje rynki macierzyste dla nowego handlu, narzucając wyższe standardy jakości środowiska niż w krajach rozwijających się. Wykorzystują one wysoki standard środowiskowy jako warunek wejścia na rynek, aby ograniczyc import, w wyniku czego tradycyjna bariera handlowa zostala obecnie uzupelniona o nową barierę środowiskową - "zieloną barierę handlową". W odniesieniu do powyższych zagadnień, w pierwszej kolejności niniejsza książka przedstawia tlo, w jakim pojawily się zielone bariery w handlu międzynarodowym, a następnie analizujemy ich podstawowe cechy i wieloaspektowy wplyw na handel eksportowy Chin. Po calej analizie sugerujemy kilka potencjalnych środk w zaradczych zar wno na poziomie mikro, jak i makro w celu przezwyciężenia bariery w handlu zielonym

Em 12 de Novembro de 2001, a China entrou para a OMC na qualidade de pa s em desenvolvimento. Este foi um passo importante na implementa o da pol tica fundamental da China de abertura ao mundo exterior, e criou excelentes condi es para a sua futura participa o no com rcio internacional e na globaliza o econ mica. Mas nos ltimos anos, surgiu uma nova tend ncia no com rcio mundial: alguns pa ses desenvolvidos criaram uma barreira entrada de outros nos seus mercados nacionais para um novo com rcio, impondo um padr o de qualidade ambiental mais elevado do que o dos pa ses em desenvolvimento. Utilizam um elevado padr o ambiental como condi o de entrada, a fim de restringir as importa es, com o resultado de que a barreira comercial tradicional foi agora complementada por uma nova barreira ambiental - uma "barreira ao com rcio verde". Relativamente s quest es acima referidas, primeiro, este livro apresenta os antecedentes em que as barreiras comerciais verdes surgiram no com rcio internacional, e depois analisamos as suas caracter sticas b sicas e influ ncias multifacetadas sobre o com rcio de exporta o da China. Ap s toda a an lise, sugerimos algumas potenciais contramedidas, tanto a n vel micro como macro, para ultrapassar a barreira do com rcio verde

Am 12. November 2001 trat China in der Eigenschaft eines Entwicklungslandes der WTO bei. Dies war ein wichtiger Schritt bei der Umsetzung der grundlegenden Politik der ffnung Chinas nach au en und hat hervorragende Bedingungen f r seine weitere Teilnahme am internationalen Handel und an der wirtschaftlichen Globalisierung geschaffen. In den letzten Jahren hat sich jedoch im Welthandel ein neuer Trend herauskristallisiert: Einige entwickelte L nder haben eine Barriere f r andere geschaffen, die den Zugang zu ihren Heimatm rkten f r neuen Handel erschwert, indem sie einen h heren Umweltqualit tsstandard als die Entwicklungsl nder auferlegten. Sie nutzen einen hohen Umweltstandard als Eintrittsbedingung, um Importe zu beschr nken, so dass die traditionelle Handelsbarriere nun durch eine neue Umweltbarriere - eine "gr ne Handelsbarriere" - erg nzt wurde. Zu den oben genannten Themen wird in diesem Buch zun chst der Hintergrund dargestellt, vor dem gr ne Handelsbarrieren im internationalen Handel auftraten, und dann werden ihre grundlegenden Merkmale und ihre vielf ltigen Einfl sse auf den chinesischen Exporthandel analysiert. Nach all der Analyse schlagen wir einige m gliche Gegenma nahmen sowohl auf der Mikro- als auch auf der Makroebene zur berwindung der gr nen Handelsbarriere vor