Frans de Waal

Over the last five decades, how we think about animals has undergone a seismic change. And with it, so too has how we think about ourselves, and our place in the animal kingdom. For decades, scientists viewed animals as little more than automatons - creatures running on instinct, lacking in intelligence. It was, for Frans de Waal, a period of 'anthropodenial', in which scientists practiced a deliberate blindness to the human-like characteristics of other animals or the animal-like characteristics of humans. Instead, Homo sapiens remained at the top the pyramid, despite the growing evidence that the traits that marked us as 'special' - sentience, self-awareness and empathy, cultural and social behaviour - were repeatedly being found among other animals. From the reconciliatory kisses of chimpanzees and the politics of elephants to the three-inch fish that can recognise itself in a mirror, Minds I've Met is an inside account of the discoveries that changed the way we view the animal mind, revealing their advanced cognitive abilities and their emotional lives. Combining memoir with a history of science and a celebration of the animals, Frans de Waal charts the breakthroughs - his own and those of the wider community - which have brought humans ever closer to the rest of the animal world.

Book Five in the Award-Winning “Alpha Wolves of Yellowstone” series “Rick’s writing is so vivid, so powerful, that I feel I have been right there with him among the wolves of Yellowstone.”—Jane Goodall Following eight major wolf personalities, Thinking Like a Wolf draws on decades of field notes to uncover the challenges and triumphs of Yellowstone’s wolf packs, from the “chief historian of the most famous wolf population in the world” (Washington Post). In his latest book, award-winning author and renowned wolf researcher, Rick McIntyre, explores the intricate world of wolf behavior in Yellowstone National Park and highlights the individual character traits that allow wolf packs to thrive. Unveiling power struggles, pack politics, the roles of family protection, inter-pack conflicts, and more, Rick skillfully follows the intricacy of packs and the unique attributes each wolf has. In these true stories, he celebrates the many lessons we can learn from wolf packs and the dynamic personalities that enable them to expand across new territories amidst adversity. Weaving an impressive web of politics and power, family cooperation and commitment, rivalry and resilience, Thinking Like a Wolf provides readers with a unique window into the fascinating inner workings of wolf packs.

Book Five in the Award-Winning “Alpha Wolves of Yellowstone” series“Rick’s writing is so vivid, so powerful, that I feel I have been right there with him among the wolves of Yellowstone.”—Jane GoodallFollowing eight major wolf personalities, Thinking Like a Wolf draws on decades of field notes to uncover the challenges and triumphs of Yellowstone’s wolf packs, from the “chief historian of the most famous wolf population in the world” (Washington Post).In his latest book, award-winning author and renowned wolf researcher, Rick McIntyre, explores the intricate world of wolf behavior in Yellowstone National Park and highlights the individual character traits that allow wolf packs to thrive.Unveiling power struggles, pack politics, the roles of family protection, inter-pack conflicts, and more, Rick skillfully follows the intricacy of packs and the unique attributes each wolf has. In these true stories, he celebrates the many lessons we can learn from wolf packs and the dynamic personalities that enable them to expand across new territories amidst adversity.Weaving an impressive web of politics and power, family cooperation and commitment, rivalry and resilience, Thinking Like a Wolf provides readers with a unique window into the fascinating inner workings of wolf packs.

Kniga odnogo iz izvestnejshikh primatologov mira Fransa de Vaalja posvjaschena evoljutsionnym istokam chelovecheskoj natury, ee dvojstvennosti i biologicheskim kornjam. De Vaal rassmatrivaet chetyre kljuchevye storony nashej prirody - stremlenie k vlasti, potrebnost v sekse, sklonnost k aktam nasilija i projavlenijam dobroty - i na osnovanii mnogoletnikh nabljudenij za chelovekoobraznymi obezjanami dokazyvaet, chto vse eto v polnoj mere kharakterno i dlja nikh. V svoej rabote on privodit argumenty v polzu predstavlenija o cheloveke kak o sotsialnom zhivotnom, "bipoljarnoj obezjane", ravno pokhozhej na agressivnykh, sklonnykh k konkurentsii shimpanze i empatichnykh gedonistov-bonobo. Ne ignoriruja nizmennye storony chelovecheskoj prirody, de Vaal udeljaet osoboe vnimanie ee polozhitelnym, nravstvennym projavlenijam i tomu, kak dve eti storony sochetajutsja i dopolnjajut drug druga, buduchi odinakovo vazhnymi dlja evoljutsii nashego vida i dlja vyzhivanija tsivilizatsii v tselom.

V techenie bolshej chasti proshedshego stoletija nauka byla chrezmerno ostorozhna i skeptichna v otnoshenii intellekta zhivotnykh. Issledovateli povedenija zhivotnykh libo ne zadumyvalis ob ikh intellekte, libo otvergali samo eto ponjatie. Bolshinstvo obkhodilo etu temu storonoj. No vremena menjajutsja. Ne prokhodit i nedeli, kak pojavljajutsja novye soobschenija o slozhnosti poznavatelnykh protsessov u zhivotnykh, chasto soprovozhdajuschiesja videomaterialami v Internete v kachestve podtverzhdenija. Kakie sposoby kommunikatsii praktikujut zhivotnye i est li u nikh podobie rechi? Mogut li zhivotnye uznavat sebja v zerkale? Svoi? stvenny li zhivotnym druzhba i dushevnaja privjazannost? Vedut li oni voiny i mirnye peregovory? V knige chitateli uznajut otvety na eti voprosy, a takzhe, naprimer, chto krysy mogut sozhalet o prinjatykh imi reshenijakh, vorony izgotavlivajut instrumenty, osminogi uznajut chelovecheskie litsa, a spetsialnye nejrony pozvoljajut obezjanam uchitsja na oshibkakh drug druga. Uchenye otkryto govorjat o kulture zhivotnykh, ikh sposobnosti k soperezhivaniju i druzhbe. Zapretnykh tem bolshe ne suschestvuet, v tom chisle i v oblasti razuma, kotoryj ranshe schitalsja iskljuchitelnoj prinadlezhnostju cheloveka. Avtor rasskazyvaet ob istorii etologii, o zhestokikh sporakh s bikhevioristami, a glavnoe - ob ogromnoi? eksperimentalnoi? rabote i nabljudenijakh za estestvennym povedeniem zhivotnykh. Analiziruja puti stanovlenija myslitelnykh protsessov v khode evoljutsionnoi? istorii razlichnykh vidov, Frans de Vaal ubeditelno pokazyvaet, chto chelovek v etom rjadu -...

Maailmakuulus primatoloog Frans de Waal kirjutab oma värskeimas raamatus "Teistsugune", et vaatamata bioloogilise ja sotsiaalse soo seostele ei toeta bioloogia automaatselt inimühiskonna traditsioonilisi soorolle. Autor tugineb oma raamatus inimeste ja loomade käitumise vaatlustele ja uuringutele, millega on tegelnud aastakümneid. Kuigi inimestel ja teistel primaatidel on teatud käitumuslikud erinevused, ei õigusta bioloogia tema sõnul olemasolevat soolist ebavõrdsust.Kasutades oma väite illustreerimiseks shimpanse ja bonobosid - kaht inimestele geneetiliselt võrdselt lähedast sugulasliiki -, seab de Waal kahtluse alla laialt levinud uskumused mehelikkusest ja naiselikkusest ning üldtuntud eeldused autoriteedi, juhtimise, koostöö, konkurentsi, lapse ja vanema suhete ning seksuaalkäitumise kohta. Shimpanside puhul domineerivad isased ja vägivald, bonobodel aga emased ja rahumeelsus. Mõlema liigi puhul tuleb aga poliitilist võimu eristada füüsilisest domineerimisest. Võim ei piirdu ainult isastega ja mõlemad sugupooled näitavad üles tõelist juhtimisvõimet."Teistsugune" on värske ja mõtlemapanev lähenemine pikaajalises debatis looduse ja kasvatusvõtete tasakaalu üle ning bioloogilise soo vastavusest sotsiaalsetele soorollidele. De Waal täiendab oma arutluskäiku eraeluliste detailidega: lapsepõlv kuuelapselises Hollandi perekonnas, abielu prantslannaga, kelle nägemus soolisusest on erinev, rääkimata aastakümneid kestnud akadeemilistest sõdadest vananenud teadusteooriate üle, mille avalikust diskursusest välja tõrjumine on osutunud raskeks. Ta arutleb seksuaalse sättumuse, soolise identiteedi ja soolise binaarsuse piirangute üle, mille erandeid leidub ka teistel primaatidel."Teistsugune" püüab huumori, selguse ja empaatiaga avardada arutelu inimeste soolise dünaamika üle, rõhutades kaasavat mudelit, mis võtab erinevused omaks, mitte ei tühista neid.Raamat on rikkalikult illustreeritud autori joonistuste ja fotodega.Frans de Waal on Hollandi-USA etoloog ja zooloog, kelle raamatud ja teadusartiklid lähtuvad paralleelidest primaatide ja inimeste käitumise vahel. Ühe maailma tuntuima bioloogi huvi keskmes on ennekõike loomade koostöö, empaatia päritolu ja inimese moraali evolutsioon. Eesti keeles ilmus tema sulest viimati "Mama viimane kallistus" (2019).

A ground-breaking look at gender and sex from the world's leading primatologist and New York Times bestselling author of Are We Smart Enough To Know How Smart Animals Are? 'Brilliant and fascinating... brings a scientific, compassionate and balanced approach to some of the hottest controversies about sex and gender' Yuval Noah Harari, author of Sapiens, Homo Deus and 21 Lessons for the 21st Century How different are the sexes? Is gender uniquely human? Where does gender identity originate? Drawing on decades of observing our closest living relatives, chimpanzees and bonobos, world-renowned primatologist Frans de Waal explores what we know of biological sex differences and of the role of culture and socialization. From maternal and paternal behaviour to sexual orientation, gender identity, and the limitations of the gender binary, de Waal analyses our shared evolutionary history with the apes, considering what is similar and what sets us apart. Male and female networking groups, sexual signals, the existence of gender non-conforming individuals, and maternal bonds are observed in primate societies, but humans stand apart in the development of nuclear families, the prevalence of sexual violence, and joint parental care. With expert insight and engaging storytelling, de Waal not only sets right gendered biases in the scientific community, but delivers a fresh and thought-provoking understanding of the behavioural norms and the many remarkable potentials of the human species. 'A breath of fresh air...Fascinating, nuanced and very timely' Rutger Bregman, author of Humankind and Utopia for Realists

In Different, world-renowned primatologist Frans de Waal draws on decades of observation and studies of both human and animal behavior to argue that despite the linkage between gender and biological sex, biology does not automatically support the traditional gender roles in human societies. While humans and other primates do share some behavioral differences, biology offers no justification for existing gender inequalities.Using chimpanzees and bonobos to illustrate this point--two ape relatives that are genetically equally close to humans--de Waal challenges widely held beliefs about masculinity and femininity, and common assumptions about authority, leadership, cooperation, competition, filial bonds, and sexual behavior. Chimpanzees are male-dominated and violent, while bonobos are female-dominated and peaceful. In both species, political power needs to be distinguished from physical dominance. Power is not limited to the males, and both sexes show true leadership capacities. Different is a fresh and thought-provoking approach to the long-running debate about the balance between nature and nurture, and where sex and gender roles fit in. De Waal peppers his discussion with details from his own life--a Dutch childhood in a family of six boys, his marriage to a French woman with a different orientation toward gender, and decades of academic turf wars over outdated scientific theories that have proven hard to dislodge from public discourse. He discusses sexual orientation, gender identity, and the limitations of the gender binary, exceptions to which are also found in other primates.With humor, clarity, and compassion, Different seeks to broaden the conversation about human gender dynamics by promoting an inclusive model that embraces differences, rather than negating them.

Na protjazhenii mnogikh let vsemirno izvestnyj biolog Frans de Vaal izuchal zhizn shimpanze i obezjan bonobo. V protsesse issledovanij on vyjavil javnye zachatki eticheskogo povedenija v soobschestve primatov. Po mneniju avtora, moral - ne sugubo chelovecheskoe svojstvo, i ee istoki nuzhno iskat u zhivotnykh. Empatija i drugie projavlenija svoego roda nravstvennosti prisuschi i obezjanam, i sobakam, i slonam, i dazhe reptilijam. Pomimo uvlekatelnogo rasskaza ob eticheskikh formakh povedenija v mire primatov avtor podnimaet glubokie filosofskie voprosy, svjazannye s naukoj i religiej. Kak i kogda voznikla moral? Kakoe vlijanie okazala religija na formirovanie etiki? Chto proiskhodit s obschestvom, gde rol religii snizhaetsja, i prav li geroj Dostoevskogo Ivan Karamazov, govorja: "Esli Boga net, ja imeju pravo grabit blizhnego svoego"?

A ground-breaking look at gender and sex from the world's leading primatologist and New York Times bestselling author of ARE WE SMART ENOUGH TO KNOW HOW SMART ANIMALS ARE?

In Different, world-renowned primatologist Frans de Waal draws on decades of observation and studies of both human and animal behavior to argue that despite the linkage between gender and biological sex, biology does not automatically support the traditional gender roles in human societies. While humans and other primates do share some behavioral differences, biology offers no justification for existing gender inequalities.Using chimpanzees and bonobos to illustrate this point--two ape relatives that are genetically equally close to humans--de Waal challenges widely held beliefs about masculinity and femininity, and common assumptions about authority, leadership, cooperation, competition, filial bonds, and sexual behavior. Chimpanzees are male-dominated and violent, while bonobos are female-dominated and peaceful. In both species, political power needs to be distinguished from physical dominance. Power is not limited to the males, and both sexes show true leadership capacities. Different is a fresh and thought-provoking approach to the long-running debate about the balance between nature and nurture, and where sex and gender roles fit in. De Waal peppers his discussion with details from his own life--a Dutch childhood in a family of six boys, his marriage to a French woman with a different orientation toward gender, and decades of academic turf wars over outdated scientific theories that have proven hard to dislodge from public discourse. He discusses sexual orientation, gender identity, and the limitations of the gender binary, exceptions to which are also found in other primates.With humor, clarity, and compassion, Different seeks to broaden the conversation about human gender dynamics by promoting an inclusive model that embraces differences, rather than negating them.

Ispytyvajut li zhivotnye gordost, styd, vinu ili otvraschenie, kak i my, ljudi? Est li u nikh chuvstvo spravedlivosti i blagodarnosti? Mogut li sobaki smejatsja i skorbet, sposobny li slony uteshat drug druga, a obezjany zavidovat, plesti intrigi i vystraivat plany mesti? Chuvstvujut li bol ryby i umejut li ljubit ptitsy? Chto obschego v povedenii alfa-samtsov shimpanze i sovremennykh politikov? V etoj dobroj i umnoj knige, pomimo trogatelnoj istorii shimpanze po imeni Mama, izvestnyj primatolog Frans de Vaal rasskazyvaet o svoikh mnogochislennykh nabljudenijakh i eksperimentakh, posvjaschennykh izucheniju emotsij samykh raznykh zhivotnykh. Narjadu s gnevom i nenavistju, privodjaschimi dazhe k prednamerennomu ubijstvu sebe podobnykh, zhivotnye obnaruzhivajut udivitelnuju sposobnost k sostradaniju, primireniju i proscheniju. Oni, kak i my, sposobny k empatii, vzaimopomoschi i tesnomu sotsialnomu vzaimodejstviju. Avtor rassmatrivaet chuvstva cheloveka v evoljutsionnom kontekste kak prjamoe prodolzhenie emotsij zhivotnykh i prizyvaet osoznat nashu nerazryvnuju svjaz so vsemi suschestvami na planete i v konechnom schete luchshe ponjat samikh sebja. Tsitaty: "Pomimo togo chto emotsii vyzyvajut u nas zhivoj interes, oni strukturirujut nashe obschestvo - do kakoj stepeni, my zachastuju ne osoznaem. Chto dvizhet politikom, stremjaschimsja zanjat bolee vysokij post, kak ne zhazhda vlasti, otlichajuschaja vsekh primatov? Chto zastavljaet nas bespokoitsja za rodnykh i blizkikh, kak ne emotsionalnye uzy, svjazyvajuschie roditelej i potomstvo?" Dlja kogo: Dlja vsekh, kto interesuetsja problemami evoljutsii, istokov chelovecheskogo soznanii i emotsij, povedeniem zhivotnykh i etikoj otnoshenija k nashim sosedjam po planete. Kniga napisana zhivym ponjatnym nespetsialistam jazykom i budet interesna samomu shirokomu krugu chitatelej - ot shkolnikov i studentov do uchenykh, a takzhe storonnikam zaschity prav zhivotnykh. Ob avtore: FRANS DE VAAL - obladatel professorskoj stipendii Charlza Govarda Kandlera, professor psikhologicheskogo fakulteta Universiteta Emori, rukovoditel tsentra "Zhivye zvenja" v Natsionalnom tsentre izuchenija primatov im. R. Jerksa v Atlante i pochetnyj professor Utrekhtskogo universiteta, chlen Natsionalnoj akademii nauk SSHA i Niderlandskoj korolevskoj akademii nauk i iskusstv. V 2007 g. zhurnal Time vkljuchil ego v spisok 100 naibolee vlijatelnykh ljudej mira.

"En fängslande och varmhjärtad bok, full av medkänsla och sprängladdad med insikter om djurs liv, människans inkluderat" Yuval Noah Harari, författare till Sapiens: en kort historik över mänsklighetenMama, matriarken i sin schimpanskoloni, ligger för döden. Hon har varit apatisk i veckor. Men så får hon ett oväntat besök från en gammal vän, en mänsklig forskare och hon skiner upp av lycka. Deras sista möte fångas på film, vilket i sin tur fångar miljontals världen över. Frans de Waal tar avstamp i berättelsen om Mama. Han visar oss inte bara det enormt starka band hon och hennes vän delade, utan också djurens fantastiskt djupa och komplicerade känsloliv. I denna banbrytande och underhållande bok presenterar de Waal resultatet av sina revolutionerande studier av schimpanser, bonoboer och andra primater, tillsammans med personliga möten med andra arter som lämnat stora avtryck. de Waals upptäckter är lika radikala som instinktivt sannklingande: Precis som det inte finns ett enda organ som är unikt för människan, har vi inte en enda unik känsla. Sådant vi länge har sett som djupt mänskligt glädje, sorg, skam, kärlek, smärta och lycka återfinns hos andra arter, som verkar i egna avancerade sociala system. Detta får konsekvenser för hur vi ser vår egen plats i näringskedjan, hur vi bör förhålla oss till husdjur och bruksdjur, och inte minst för vår roll i det pågående massutdöendet. Det här en bok ingen av oss har råd att missa.Frans de Waal är en holländsk primatolog, psykolog och specialist på djurs beteende som blivit känd världen över för sin banbrytande forskning. Han har blivit utsedd till en av Times 100 mest inflytelserika människor. de Waal innehar en position som Charles Howard Candler Professor i primatbeteende vid Emory University och leder Emory Universitys Living Links Center. Han har tilldelats över 20 distingerade utmärkelser från universitet och privata aktörer världen över. Han har hållit TED-talks vid tre olika tillfällen."Superb slående anmärkningsvärd upplysande" New Statesman"En övertygande bok, och de Waal är en ypperlig observatör av primaters beteenden och enormt kunnig ... ett fönster in i scimpansernas liv, och en spegel för vårt eget" The Times"Frans de Waal har tillbringat större delen av sitt liv med att iaktta schimpanser, och hans forskningsresultat har förändrat vår förståelse för djurriket" Sunday Times"Inte nog med att den här boken är utomordentligt viktig, den är också rolig att läsa, en riktig bladvändare. Jag kan inte hylla den nog, den är fullständigt briljant." Elizabeth Marshall Thomas

THE NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLLER In this groundbreaking and entertaining book, primatologist Frans de Waal draws on his renowned studies of the social and emotional lives of chimpanzees, bonobos and other primates, and personal encounters with many other species, to illuminate new ideas and findings about animal emotions. Opening with the moving farewell between Mama, a dying chimpanzee matriarch, and her human friend - the video of which has been watched by millions online - Mama's Last Hug illustrates how profoundly we have underestimated animals' emotional experiences. De Waal's radical proposal is that emotions are like organs: humans haven't a single organ that other animals don't have, and the same can be said of our emotions.

Mama's Last Hug is a fascinating exploration of the rich emotional lives of animals, beginning with Mama, a chimpanzee matriarch who formed a deep bond with biologist Jan van Hooff. Her story and others like it--from dogs "adopting" the injuries of their companions, to rats helping fellow rats in distress, to elephants revisiting the bones of their loved ones--show that humans are not the only species with the capacity for love, hate, fear, shame, guilt, joy, disgust, and empathy. Frans de Waal opens our hearts and minds to the many ways in which humans and other animals are connected.

'Kindness and co-operation have played a crucial role in raising humans to the top of the evolutionary tree ... We have thrived on the milk of human kindness.' Observer BY THE AUTHOR OF ARE WE SMART ENOUGH TO KNOW HOW SMART ANIMALS ARE? 'There is a widely-held assumption that humans are hard-wired for relentless and ruthless competition ... Frans de Waal sees nature differently - as a biological legacy in which empathy, not mere self-interest, is shared by humans, bonobos and animals.' Ben Macintyre, The Times Empathy holds us together. That we are hardwired to be altruistic is the result of thousands of years of evolutionary biology which has kept society from slipping into anarchy. But we are not alone: primates, elephants, even rodents are empathetic creatures too. Social behaviours such as the herding instinct, bonding rituals, expressions of consolation and even conflict resolution demonstrate that animals are designed to feel for each other. From chimpanzees caring for mates that have been wounded by leopards, elephants reassuring youngsters in distress and dolphins preventing sick companions from drowning, with a wealth of anecdotes, scientific observations, wry humour and incisive intelligence, The Age of Empathy is essential reading for all who believe in the power of our connections to each other.