Gregory Francis

This open access textbook provides the background needed to correctly use, interpret and understand statistics and statistical data in diverse settings. Part I makes key concepts in statistics readily clear. Parts I and II give an overview of the most common tests (t-test, ANOVA, correlations) and work out their statistical principles. Part III provides insight into meta-statistics (statistics of statistics) and demonstrates why experiments often do not replicate. Finally, the textbook shows how complex statistics can be avoided by using clever experimental design. Both non-scientists and students in Biology, Biomedicine and Engineering will benefit from the book by learning the statistical basis of scientific claims and by discovering ways to evaluate the quality of scientific reports in academic journals and news outlets.

Hypothesis testing is a common statistical analysis for empirical data generated by studies of perception, but its properties and limitations are widely misunderstood. This Element describes several properties of hypothesis testing, with special emphasis on analyses common to studies of perception. The author also describes the challenges and difficulties with using hypothesis testing to interpret empirical data. Many common applications of hypothesis testing inflate the intended Type I error rate. Other aspects of hypothesis tests have important implications for experimental design. Solutions are available for some of these difficulties, but many issues are difficult to deal with.

Visual masking is a technique used in cognitive research to understand pre-conscious processes (priming, for example), consciousness, visual limits, and perception issues associated with psychopathology. This book is a short format review of research using visual masking: how it has been used, and what these experiments have discovered.Topics covered include concepts, varieties, and theories of masking; masking and microgenetic mechanisms and stagesof visual processing; psychopharmacological and genetic factors in masking, and more.

Designed specifically for non-majors, PHYSICS: A CONCEPTUAL WORLD VIEW provides an engaging and effective introduction to physics using a flexible, fully modular presentation ideal for a wide variety of instructors and courses. Incorporating highly effective Physics Education Research pedagogy, the text features an ongoing storyline describing the development of the current physics "world view," which provides students with an understanding of the laws of nature and the context to better appreciate the importance of physics. The text's appealing style and minimal use of math also help to make complex material interesting and easier to master, even for students normally intimidated by physics or math. For instructors who want to incorporate more problem-solving skills and quantitative reasoning, the optional, more detailed, "Problem Solving to Accompany Physics: A Conceptual World View" student supplement reveals more of the beauty and power of mathematics in physics. The text can also be customized to fit any syllabus through Cengage Learning's TextChoice custom solution program. In addition, the new Seventh Edition includes a thoroughly revised art program featuring elements such as balloon captions and numerous illustrations to help students better visualize and understand key concepts.