Herbert L. Kessler

The Tree and the Column examines the bronze door of Hildesheim Cathedral, which is not only a masterpiece of Ottonian art but is among the most recognizable and studied works of medieval sculpture. Commissioned by Bishop Bernward of Hildesheim and cast around 1015, the door's two leaves feature the oldest-known monumental image cycle in German sculpture, depicting significant events from the Old and New Testaments. Isabelle Marchesin closely reads each of the door's sixteen panels, analyzing the detailed iconography to excavate the elaborate theological and deeply spiritual significance of the biblical scenes cast into metal. Studying the door's technical, material, political, and theological dimensions, Marchesin argues that Bernward intended the cathedral door to be read and reread like scripture so that unifying messages about God's presence in the world could be understood. Featuring nearly two hundred detailed color photographs of the panels that reveal their remarkable artistry and materiality, The Tree and the Column offers an innovative explication of a total work of medieval art.

Across the nine thematic chapters of Experiencing Medieval Art, renowned art historian Herbert L. Kessler considers functional objects as well as paintings and sculptures; the circumstances, processes, and materials of production; the conflictual relationship between art objects and notions of an ineffable deity; the context surrounding medieval art; and questions of apprehension, aesthetics, and modern presentation. He also introduces the exciting discoveries and revelations that have revolutionized contemporary understanding of medieval art and identifies the vexing challenges that still remain. With 16 color plates and 81 images in all—including the stained glass of Chartres Cathedral, the mosaics of San Marco, and the Utrecht Psalter, as well as newly discovered works such as the frescoes in Rome’s aula gotica and a twelfth-century aquamanile in Hildesheim—Experiencing Medieval Art makes the complex history of medieval art accessible for students of art history and scholars of medieval history, theology, and literature.

This volume was born from a desire to leave a tangible trace of the scholarly encounters that have taken place in the past two years at the Center for Early Medieval Studies of the Department of Art History at Masaryk University in Brno. Speaking in various forums Xavier Barral i Altet, Nicolas Bock, Valentina Cantone, Herbert Kessler, Serena Romano and Elisabetta Scirocco have sparked exciting discussions of what continues to be known as a Middle Age. The common denominator that unites all of the scholarly work presented was the dialogue between the medieval "present" and the antique world: from Venice through Campania to Milan, from Constantinople to Burgundy, there emerged an intellectual and visual experience that suggests the medieval period was a uniquely fertile moment for engagement with the heritage of antiquity, filtered and mediated in different ways, but ever present. The purpose of this volume is to understand why and how patterns, images and ideas from the mythical (but visible) ancient past were received throughout the medieval millennium. We seek, that is, to understand why, hic et nunc, clients and workshops deliberately chose to speak in a "classicizing" aesthetic language, or to appropriate concepts belonging to the antique tradition wholesale.