John A. Adams

Many Texans will recognize schools and buildings across Texas bearing the name “Blackshear,” but few know the story of the man behind the name. Author John A. Adams Jr. seeks to rectify that in the first full-length biography of Edward L. Blackshear, bringing to light previously unexplored aspects of the life and work of a man Adams characterizes as “a pivotal leader, educator, strategist, essayist, poet, agriculturist, and advocate in the struggle to advance opportunities for Blacks across Texas in spite of a rigid, post-war white power structure.” Born to enslaved parents in 1862, Edward Lavoisier Blackshear seized every opportunity he had to learn, succeed, and raise others up with him as he became a leader and legislative activist for Black education in Texas. In a period deemed as the “New South” by historians, Blackshear distinguished himself as a foundational leader in Black education: teaching at historically Black schools and colleges in Dallas and Austin; serving as the supervisor of all African American schools in Austin; and appointed by Governor Charles Culberson as principal of what was then known as Prairie View Normal and Industrial College from 1896 to 1915. His tenure at Prairie View—now Prairie View A&M University—was characterized by leadership and wisdom during tumultuous times. He often worked quietly with Texas’s power brokers to ensure that the University received the necessary support. Adams’s research, focused on archival records and previously unpublished documents, reveals the lengths Blackshear went to help not just the students and faculty of Prairie View, but African Americans across Texas, succeed in a starkly segregated society. Students and scholars alike will be fascinated by this wealth of important material that expands our knowledge of this influential, yet heretofore scantly chronicled educational and social pioneer.

A compelling historical biography that offers an in-depth look at one of Texas' most influential and controversial figures during the tumultuous mid-19th century. This meticulously researched work by John A. Adams, Jr. provides a vivid portrayal of Oran Milo Roberts' life, from his humble beginnings in Alabama to his rise as a prominent jurist and political leader in Texas. The biography expertly weaves Roberts' personal story with the broader historical context of Texas and the nation, shedding light on the motivations and beliefs that drove Roberts and many of his contemporaries. It provides a nuanced understanding of the complex social, political, and economic forces that shaped the state's development and skillfully examines Roberts' evolving political views, particularly his staunch advocacy for states' rights and his eventual embrace of secession. Adams' engaging narrative style brings historical figures to life, offering readers a front-row seat to the debates and decisions that shaped Texas history. The Old Alcalde is essential reading for scholars of Texas history, Civil War enthusiasts, and anyone interested in understanding the complex dynamics that led to the secession of Texas from the Union.

A memoir within a memoir, A German Texan in World War II: The Diary, Letters, and Memorabilia of an 88th Infantry Officer tells the story of Robert Lee Melcher, written by his daughter, Marilyn Melcher Maddox. Melcher served as a major in the US Army from 1943 to 1945 in North Africa and Italy, leaving the war decorated with a Bronze Star Medal for his heroism. Highlighting the strong German Texan background and perspective of a loyal American officer who fought against the army of his ancestral homeland, Melcher’s story comes to life through an abundance of personal letters, diary, memorabilia, and memories from his daughter. A prolific writer and careful record keeper, Melcher wrote eloquently about the human aspect of war, asking agonizing questions about his German Texan heritage. As his time in combat unfolded, Melcher came to see a different side of the German traditions and pride that had molded him as a youth. On May 3, 1945, he wrote, “I’m sure the pictures and stories of German prison camps are convincing as to the true nature of Germans. And convincing as to what the US would have been in for, had we not fought when we did. My idea of a German is lots different than what it was. Some of my friends were in those prison camps.” Years after his active military career was over, Maddox, daughter of then-Colonel Melcher, discovered the dusty cardboard boxes stuffed with letters, scrapbooks, photographs, hand-drawn maps, and other reminders of her father’s time in World War II. Drawn into the story of her father’s past, she embarked on a journey of discovery that resulted in A German Texan in World War II. This book offers important perspectives on the internal struggles faced by Americans of foreign heritage who serve in conflicts that place them at odds with their own cultural legacies.

In 1909, young William F. Buckley Sr. (1881–1958), who grew up in the dusty South Texas town of San Diego, graduated from the University of Texas law school and headed for Mexico City. Fluent in Spanish, familiar with Mexican traditions, and soon fit to practice law south of the border, Buckley was headed up the aisle to vast wealth and cultural power. On the way, he took a front-row seat at the Mexican Revolution and played a key role in steering the nascent oil industry through tumultuous and dangerous times. This book for the first time tells the story of the man behind the family that would become nothing short of a conservative institution, reaching its apogee in the career of William F. Buckley Jr., arguably the most prominent conservative commentator of the twentieth century. Buckley witnessed the overthrow and exit of President Porfirio DÍaz, the rise of Madero, and the coup of General Victoriano Huerta, all while building the Pantepec Oil Company, the most profitable small petroleum producer in Mexico. He faced down Pancho Villa, survived encounters with hired assassins, evaded snipers in the streets of Veracruz, gambled and won in many a business venture—and ultimately was expelled from the country. As the narrative follows Buckley from his small-town Texas beginnings to the founding of a family dynasty, the streak of independence and distrust of government that would become the Buckley hallmark can be seen in the making. An eventful chapter in the life and career of a singular character, this dramatic account of a man and his moment is a document of political and historical significance—but it is also a remarkable story, told with irresistible brio.

In 1909, young William F. Buckley Sr. (1881–1958), who grew up in the dusty South Texas town of San Diego, graduated from the University of Texas law school and headed for Mexico City. Fluent in Spanish, familiar with Mexican traditions, and soon fit to practice law south of the border, Buckley was headed up the aisle to vast wealth and cultural power. On the way, he took a front-row seat at the Mexican Revolution and played a key role in steering the nascent oil industry through tumultuous and dangerous times. This book for the first time tells the story of the man behind the family that would become nothing short of a conservative institution, reaching its apogee in the career of William F. Buckley Jr., arguably the most prominent conservative commentator of the twentieth century. Buckley witnessed the overthrow and exit of President Porfirio DÍaz, the rise of Madero, and the coup of General Victoriano Huerta, all while building the Pantepec Oil Company, the most profitable small petroleum producer in Mexico. He faced down Pancho Villa, survived encounters with hired assassins, evaded snipers in the streets of Veracruz, gambled and won in many a business venture—and ultimately was expelled from the country. As the narrative follows Buckley from his small-town Texas beginnings to the founding of a family dynasty, the streak of independence and distrust of government that would become the Buckley hallmark can be seen in the making. An eventful chapter in the life and career of a singular character, this dramatic account of a man and his moment is a document of political and historical significance—but it is also a remarkable story, told with irresistible brio.

Across America in the wake of World War I, college football entered a time of prominence, often referred to as a “Golden Era.” This same period saw the origins of many beloved traditions of Texas A&M: cadets became known as “Aggies;” the “Aggie War Hymn” penned by J. V. “Pinky” Wilson ’21 was officially adopted; maroon and white emerged as the sanctioned college colors. And in 1922, a lanky Dallas athlete named E. King Gill stepped up and agreed to be the “12th Man” at a football game that may have been the greatest ever played. Today, the 12th Man tradition is one of the most cherished parts of A&M heritage. The 1922 Dixie Classic, precursor to today’s Cotton Bowl, featured a contest between two championship coaches with strong ties to Texas A&M: D. X. Bible, who led the Aggies from 1916 to 1928, and Centre College’s “Uncle Charlie” Moran, who coached at A&M from 1909 to 1914. Historian John A. Adams Jr. ’73 uncovers enthralling details: the pregame conversation between Bible and E. King Gill that helped place Gill in uniform on the sidelines, the wedding celebration involving the Centre College team at the historic Adolphus Hotel the night before the game, the diagram of the play the Aggies used to score the game-winning touchdown, and so much more. Sports fans and historians, especially those interested in the early days of American football, will savor the rich, previously unknown details surrounding this storied contest between two renowned coaches and their steadfast squads.

Most Texans today know of Lawrence Sullivan Ross only by his namesake, Sul Ross State University, or for his role in the capture of Cynthia Ann Parker as a fabled Texas Ranger. A few may know that he was a general in the Confederate army or that he served as the nineteenth governor of Texas. But for former and current students of Texas A&M University, he is known as 'Sully' - an affectionate nickname referring to the oldest campus statue, which is the repository of wished-upon pennies left for good luck prior to taking final exams.In Sul Ross at Texas A&M, John A. Adams Jr., chronicler of Texas A&M University history, presents an in-depth examination of Ross's life as a college president. Adams shows how by the late 1880s, the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas was on the brink of collapse. Student discontent, administrative mismanagement, and faculty factionalism threatened the continued existence of the fledgling school. The college's board of directors were desperate and offered the presidency to Ross.Adams details the steps Ross took to bring order out of chaos, expanding and modernizing the college and leading the school's finances out of the red. Many Aggie traditions first took shape during Ross's tenure: the class ring, the band, and even the school's first intercollegiate football game against the University of Texas. Ross's years at the helm were transformative. Fans of A&M and Texas history will be enthralled by this captivating account of Sul Ross's time as president of A&M.

Over There in the Air tells the little known story of the contribution of Texas A&M University to early aviation in World War I. Over two thousand students served in the war in one capacity or another, and of those about 250 were involved in the newest martial development-military aviation. The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, as it was then known, was regarded as one of the top leading academic institutions in the country for contributions to the nation's effort in the Great War. Through painstaking research-using unit records, after-action reviews, alumni newsletters, and countless other university documents-John A. Adams Jr. paints a portrait of the Aggie aviator in the Great War. Texas A&M aviators flew in European air forces, hunted German U-boats, went on scouting missions, and served as attack pilots. Adams has identified, often for the first time, those Aggies who served and follows them through training, life on the front, and the return home. While much of the World War I story occurred "over there", just as much took place "over here." Adams explores the home front as well as the battlefront, capturing campus life in the midst of mobilization, recruitment, and a devastating influenza epidemic that claimed as many as fifty campus lives.Over There in the Air is a riveting book about an important contribution of a university to the World War I effort. It is sure to catch the attention of all Aggies and those interested in aviation history.

It's a funny thing you know, John never thought for a moment he would ever suffer from a stress related illness. It was soon after that cheapskate Tom Thorne wriggled out of his second arrest for murder that he found himself interned. He had believed the lies and the deceit from those benefit cheats. Mrs Adams died all of a sudden, leaving the old Victorian terraced house to her three sons in equal shares. The oldest James was a bully boy always wanting his own way. The middle son John was easy going and would do anything for a quiet life. The youngest Peter knew he had the other two by the short and curlies, so he played them along for years.Cat and mouse games were his thing, along with his speciality and favourite pastime, hoaxing. Nothing pleased Peter more than a complete set-up, to see others running around as he would say, like headless chickens.These silly games were to cease when Peter suddenly passed away. The older sons were to inherit a house with a lot more than they had bargained for, along with a garden full of strangers.

Of the leaders of the American Army in World War II, Jacob Devers is undoubtedly the "forgotten four star." Plucked from relative obscurity in the Canal Zone, Devers was one of four generals selected by General of the Army George Marshall in 1941 to assist him in preparing the Army for war. He quickly became known in Army circles for his "can do" attitude and remarkable ability to cut through red tape. Among other duties, he was instrumental in transforming Ft. Bragg, then a small Army post, into a major training facility. As head of the armored force, Devers contributed to the development of a faster, more heavily armored tank, equipped with a higher velocity gun that could stand up to the more powerful German tanks, and helped to turn American armor into an effective fighting force. In spring 1943, Devers replaced Dwight Eisenhower as commander of the European Theater of Operations, then was given command of the 6th Army Group that invaded the south of France and fought its way through France and Germany to the Austrian border. In the European campaign to defeat Hitler, Eisenhower had three subordinate army group commanders—British Field Marshall Bernard Montgomery, Omar S. Bradley, and Jacob Devers. The first two are well-known—here the third receives the attention he properly deserves.

This engrossing and meticulously researched volume reexamines the decisions made by Dwight D. Eisenhower and his staff in the crucial months leading up to the Battle of the Bulge. In late August 1944 defeat of the Wehrmacht seemed assured. On December 16, however, the Germans counterattacked. Received wisdom says that Eisenhower's Broad Front strategy caused his armies to stall in early September, and his subsequent failure to concentrate his forces brought about deadlock and opened the way for the German attack. Arguing to the contrary, John A. Adams demonstrates that Eisenhower and his staff at SHAEF had a good campaign strategy, refined to reflect developments on the ground, which had an excellent chance of destroying the Germans west of the Rhine.

Laredo is a city at the crossroads of North American history. Founded by the Spanish in 1755, it has stood at the intersection of regional commerce since its earliest days. Now, John A. Adams, Jr. provides the first-ever panoramic business and economic history of Laredo. He traces the evolution of the region from its early days as a ranching center into the mid-twentieth century, when Laredo had become what it remains today: a booming port of trade and a principal center of commerce and financial services on the southern border of the United States.In ""Commerce and Conflict on the Rio Grande"" Adams demonstrates how the increasingly diversified economy of the region fed the fortunes of the city. His narrative, buttressed throughout by tables and statistics, paints a vivid mural of both the economic forces and the farsighted and ambitious individuals that combined to bring prosperity to this unique American city. Readers will find a wealth of insights into regional economics, history, and borderlands themes.

Alfred Thayer Mahan's The Influence of Sea Power upon History (1660–1783) was one of the most influential books on military strategy in the first half of the 20th century. A core text in the naval war colleges of the United States, Britain, and Japan, Mahan's book shaped doctrine for the conduct of war at sea. Adams uses Mahan's ideas to discuss the great Pacific sea battles of World War II and to consider how well they withstood the test of actual combat. Reexamining the conduct of war in the Pacific from a single analytic viewpoint leads to some surprising conclusions about the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the Doolittle Raid, the Battle of the Coral Sea, the recapture of the Philippines, and the submarine war. Naval historians and armchair strategists alike will find much food for thought in these engrossing pages.

The differences between the United States and Mexico may be immense, but their links—economic, political, and social—are profound, and growing stronger. In this incisive narrative, John Adams argues that Mexico, with which the United States shares a 1,951 mile border, is no sideshow but a pivotal component of American economic health and regional security. The primary theme that runs throughout this book is that Mexico has historically had, and will continue to e Drawing from the most current economic and demographic data and business examples, Adams demonstrates the depth and breadth of U.S.-Mexican relations, and their implications for American business and policymaking. In the process, he dispels popular myths about Mexico as an economic backwater or political distraction. The result is an authoritative and colorful account of our complex relationship with our neighbor to the south, and its broader implications for global growth and political stability.The border between the United States and Mexico runs for 1,951 miles. The differences between the two nations may be immense, but their links—economic, political, and social—are profound, and growing stronger. In this incisive narrative, John Adams argues that Mexico is no sideshow, but a pivotal component of American economic health and regional security. The primary theme that runs throughout the book is that Mexico—its domestic growth and industrial capacity, population pressures, energy needs, political dynamics, and strategic location—has historically had, and will continue to have, a tremendous impact on the United States.Drawing from the most current economic and demographic data and business examples, Adams demonstrates the depth and breadth of U.S.-Mexican relations and their implications for American business and policymaking. A unique aspect of the book is his analysis of the competition between Mexico and China for American resources for investment, trade, and economic development. Adams also dispels popular myths about Mexico as an economic backwater or political distraction. The result is an authoritative and colorful account of our complex relationship with our neighbor to the south—and its broader implications for global economic growth and political stability.

Banking and investment in Mexico have changed radically over the past decade, and the economic events that prompted these changes will have a significant impact on Mexico's role in regional and world financial markets. Adams traces the evolution of Mexico's banking and investment activities, reviews current conditions and their implications for future investment opportunities in Mexico, and makes clear that what happens to Mexico's economy and political stability will have major implications for what happens elsewhere in the world. One of the first books to look at banking and investment in Mexico after the peso crash of 1994-1995, with a highly detailed bibliography and notes, Adams's study will be important reading for international business, finance, and investment professionals and for their colleagues with similar interests throughout the academic community.The fate of both Mexico and the United States is that the two countries are forever tied by geography. The historical evolution of the dual interaction between the peoples of these two nations is and will be significant for the future of both countries. With this in mind, the book is divided into chapters reviewing such themes as the interaction and historical financial events that transpired during the advent of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the expansion of cross-border financial and investment services, as well as a framework and background review of the events leading up to and resulting from the devaluations of the 1970s and 1980s, and more recently the evolution of the peso crisis of 1994-1995. The imperceptible yet gradual economic integration of the two economies has required time in developing, while not always being seamless in its implementation and transition. American macroeconomic policy has long had a direct impact on the economy of Mexico, as is evidenced by the impact of U.S. interest rates on the financial underpinnings of the Mexican treasury and the banking system to assist with the overall economic growth of the nation. An appreciation for the historically sensitive issues and perspectives, be they nationalization of the oil industry, immigration, or market access for foreign financial services, is paramount to a fuller understanding of doing business on both sides of the border.