Juan Luis Mata-Machuca

The high reliability required in industrial processes has created the necessity of detecting abnormal conditions, called faults, while processes are operating. The term fault generically refers to any type of process degradation, or degradation in equipment performance because of changes in the process's physical characteristics, process inputs or environmental conditions. This book is about the fundamentals of fault detection and diagnosis in a variety of nonlinear systems which are represented by ordinary differential equations. The fault detection problem is approached from a differential algebraic viewpoint, using residual generators based upon high-gain nonlinear auxiliary systems (‘observers’). A prominent role is played by the type of mathematical tools that will be used, requiring knowledge of differential algebra and differential equations. Specific theorems tailored to the needs of the problem-solving procedures are developed and proved. Applications to real-world problems, both with constant and time-varying faults, are made throughout the book and include electromechanical positioning systems, the Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR), bioreactor models and belt drive systems, to name but a few.

The high reliability required in industrial processes has created the necessity of detecting abnormal conditions, called faults, while processes are operating. The term fault generically refers to any type of process degradation, or degradation in equipment performance because of changes in the process's physical characteristics, process inputs or environmental conditions. This book is about the fundamentals of fault detection and diagnosis in a variety of nonlinear systems which are represented by ordinary differential equations. The fault detection problem is approached from a differential algebraic viewpoint, using residual generators based upon high-gain nonlinear auxiliary systems (‘observers’). A prominent role is played by the type of mathematical tools that will be used, requiring knowledge of differential algebra and differential equations. Specific theorems tailored to the needs of the problem-solving procedures are developed and proved. Applications to real-world problems, both with constant and time-varying faults, are made throughout the book and include electromechanical positioning systems, the Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR), bioreactor models and belt drive systems, to name but a few.

La presente obra est dirigida a estudiantes y profesionistas interesados en el estudio de las matem ticas aplicadas, en particular al an lisis din mico de sistemas con comportamiento complejo, descritos por ecuaciones diferenciales ordinarias con orientaci n a control de sistemas. Por lo anterior este texto ser interesante para ingenieros electr nicos, mec nicos, de control, mecatr nicos, f sicos y matem ticos aplicados, ya que se estudia el fen meno de sincronizaci n de osciladores con comportamiento altamente no lineal, el cual tiene amplias aplicaciones tanto en ingenier a, biolog a, f sica y otras ramas de las ciencias. La sincronizaci n de osciladores no lineales se puede lograr en sistemas con diferente estructura y orden, en donde generalmente se aplican leyes de control que gu an el proceso de sincronizaci n y tambi n en sistemas con similar estructura y orden en donde el enfoque se ha orientado principalmente a la implementaci n de observadores de estados, en donde los criterios de sincronizabilidad (observabilidad) son importantes, ya que permiten definir si un oscilador en base a la medici n de un conjunto finito de variables es sincronizable o no.