Karen Hansen

In 1904, the first Scandinavian settlers moved onto the Spirit Lake Dakota Indian Reservation. These land-hungry immigrants struggled against severe poverty, often becoming the sharecropping tenants of Dakota landowners. Yet the homesteaders' impoverishment did not impede their quest to acquire Indian land, and by 1929 Scandinavians owned more reservation acreage than their Dakota neighbors. Norwegian homesteader Helena Haugen Kanten put it plainly: "We stole the land from the Indians." With this largely unknown story at its center, Encounter on the Great Plains brings together two dominant processes in American history: the unceasing migration of newcomers to North America, and the protracted dispossession of indigenous peoples who inhabited the continent. Drawing on fifteen years of archival research and 130 oral histories, Karen V. Hansen explores the epic issues of co-existence between settlers and Indians and the effect of racial hierarchies, both legal and cultural, on marginalized peoples. Hansen offers a wealth of intimate detail about daily lives and community events, showing how both Dakotas and Scandinavians resisted assimilation and used their rights as new citizens to combat attacks on their cultures. In this flowing narrative, women emerge as resourceful agents of their own economic interests. Dakota women gained autonomy in the use of their allotments, while Scandinavian women staked and "proved up" their own claims. Hansen chronicles the intertwined stories of Dakotas and immigrants-women and men, farmers, domestic servants, and day laborers. Their shared struggles reveal efforts to maintain a language, sustain a culture, and navigate their complex ties to more than one nation. The history of the American West cannot be told without these voices: their long connections, intermittent conflicts, and profound influence over one another defy easy categorization and provide a new perspective on the processes of immigration and land taking.

In 1904, Scandinavian settlers began moving onto the Spirit Lake Dakota Indian Reservation. These land-hungry first and second generation immigrants struggled with poverty nearly as severe as that of their Dakota neighbors, often becoming sharecropping tenants of Dakota landowners. Yet the homesteaders' impoverishment did not impede native dispossession: by 1929, Scandinavians owned more reservation land than did Dakotas. In the words of one settler, who staked a claim with her widowed mother in 1905: "We stole the land from the Indians." Encounter on the Great Plains captures this encounter to bring together two key processes in American history: the unceasing migration of people to North America, and the protracted dispossession of indigenous peoples who inhabited the continent. Although this historical encounter at Spirit Lake took place in a small corner of eastern North Dakota, it encapsulates the story of conquest and white settlement and the less publicized, but equally important, story of the dispossession and survival of Native Americans. The material wealth and the nationalist mythology of the United States are built upon this history. Karen V. Hansen captures this moment in time through the distinctive, uniquely American voices of this particular encounter while providing insights into similar cultural meeting points between Native Americans and European immigrants that played out across the western United States.

Revision with unchanged content. The archeologist Maria Gimbutas left us the gift of symbols and images she found in ancient burial sites of the goddess. From a Jungian perspective this symbolism is related to archetypes which are built into the design of every human being. Feminist theory shows the need for new models solely related women's experience. This book is a guided tour of young women's responses to ancient symbols as seen in archetypal images of six dark goddesses. The work unveils their longing for a set of myths, icons and symbols that are particularly female and empowering. Along that way hidden fears and pains can be revealed and the power they hold can be released. This book introduces a new vision of the archetypal feminine seen through the eyes of young women. Psychologists, sociologists, archeologists and theologians as well as anyone who has struggled with love and loss will benefit from this work.

Published in partnership with the Applied Research Ethics Association (ARENA), this study guide companion to Institutional Review Board: Management and Function, Second Edition facilitates the application of knowledge acquired from the textbook. Written by IRB people for IRB people, this study guide is a useful resource that promotes the professional development of people working in the field of human subjects protection.

This engaging collection of essays attempts to do justice to the complexity of contemporary families and to situate them in their economic, political, and cultural contexts. The editors introduce this wide-ranging collection with a provocative analytical introduction, setting the stage with a recognition that families may look very different even to those inside the same family. These cutting-edge scholars explore the ways in which family life is gendered and reflect on the work of maintaining family and kin relationships, especially as social and family power structures change over time. The book includes a guide to topics (from Adoption and African American Families to Work-Family Tension and Working-Class Families) that should prove useful to teachers, students, and researchers.

This engaging collection of essays attempts to do justice to the complexity of contemporary families and to situate them in their economic, political, and cultural contexts. The editors introduce this wide-ranging collection with a provocative analytical introduction, setting the stage with a recognition that families may look very different even to those inside the same family. These cutting-edge scholars explore the ways in which family life is gendered and reflect on the work of maintaining family and kin relationships, especially as social and family power structures change over time. The book includes a guide to topics (from Adoption and African American Families to Work-Family Tension and Working-Class Families) that should prove useful to teachers, students, and researchers.

Author note: Karen V. Hansen is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Sociology at the University of California, Berkeley. Ilene J. Philipson is on the faculty of the Psychology Graduate Program at the New College of California, San Francisco.

Karen V. Hansen is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Sociology at the University of California, Berkeley. Ilene J. Philipson is on the faculty of the Psychology Graduate Program at the New College of California, San Francisco.