Keith Crane

Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City is a planned environmentally and technologically advanced city in China's Guangzhou Development District that will host innovative industries and their workers. This report serves as an outline for a set of strategies for Knowledge City and is intended to help the developers create conditions that are conducive to innovation and the commercialization of new technologies.

Since 2007, security has improved dramatically in Iraq. The U.S. and Iraqi governments - and most Iraqis - want to see both the U.S. presence there reduced and the Iraqi government and security forces assuming a greater role in providing for public security. The challenge is to effect this drawdown while preserving security and stability in the country and in the region. In response to tasking from the U.S. Congress, RAND researchers conducted an independent study to examine drawdown schedules, risks, and mitigating strategies. They identified logistical constraints on moving equipment out of the country, assessed trends in insurgent activity and the ability of Iraqi security forces to counter it, and examined the implications for the size of the residual U.S. force and for security in Iraq and the region. This book presents alternative drawdown schedules - one consistent with the Obama administration's stated intentions and two others, one somewhat slower and another faster - that are responsive to these factors.It also recommends steps that the United States can take to alleviate anticipated constraints, overcome likely resistance, and reduce the potential risks associated with a drawdown. For more than 60 years, decisionmakers in the public and private sectors have turned to the RAND Corporation for objective analysis and effective solutions that address the challenges facing the nation and the world.

Defining "nation-building" as the use of armed forces after a conflict to promote democracy, a practice outlined in two earlier volumes including The UN's Role in Nation-Building, a critical assessment of America's failure to nation-build in Iraq makes recommendations for economic stabilization, relief efforts, civil administration, and more. Original.

This report analyzes the individual strengths and weaknesses of China's defense industrial complex. It examines four specific defense-industrial sectors - missiles, aircraft, shipbuilding, and information technology. It argues that China's defense industry is gradually emerging from two and a half decades of neglect, inefficiency and corruption. As part of a larger RAND Project AIR FORCE study on Chinese military modernization, this document analyzes the individual strengths and weaknesses of four specific defense-industrial sectors - missile, aircraft, shipbuilding, and information technology - to explain variations in performance among those sectors, with a focus on differences in institutional arrangements, incentives, and exposure to market forces, and to evaluate the prospects for China's defense industry and its ability to contribute to military modernization.

This book projects future growth in Chinese defense expenditures, evaluates the current and likely future capabilities of China's defense industries, and compares likely future defense expenditure levels with recent expenditures by the United States and the U.S. Air Force.

U.S.-China trade tensions have waxed and waned for decades but have remained persistently high since 2017. In this report, the authors assess the effectiveness of recent, more-restrictive U.S. economic policies regarding China. They also provide recommendations on how to improve the United States' ability to defend its economic interests and enhance the likelihood of the Chinese government adopting fairer trade practices.

The authors assess how Russian military forces are postured and resourced and how they are likely to operate. They also discuss the goals and effects of Russian military reform efforts, including initiatives that span all of the Russian armed forces' services and independent branches. Touching on most of Russia's armed forces' major capabilities, the authors conclude with a look at how those capabilities are being integrated in practice.

Given Russia's annexation of Crimea and continued aggression in eastern Ukraine, Europe must reassess its approach to a regional security environment previously thought to be stable and relatively benign. This report analyzes the vulnerability of European states to possible forms of Russian influence, pressure, and intimidation and examines four areas of potential European vulnerability: military, trade and investment, energy, and politics.

RAND researchers developed a framework and metrics for examining vulnerabilities, opportunities, and risks to U.S. transmission, storage, and distribution (TS&D) systems through 2030 under a range of uncertainties. They assessed major stresses on and opportunities in three TS&D systems: oil and refined-oil products, electric power, and natural gas. They also considered the resilience that these systems have to short-term shocks and disruptions.

This report proposes a system of quality of life indicators and identifies policy options to advance sustainability in the Pearl River Delta, a region of Guangdong Province in southeastern China. The report focuses on land use and transportation goals and strategies, with additional analysis of policies related to the environment, housing, and economic development.

Hope for a prosperous and peaceful future for Haiti lies in building a more effective, resilient state. This report identifies the main challenges to more capable governance, evaluates existing plans for improving the delivery of public services, and proposes a realistic set of critical actions. The proposed state-building priorities merit the greatest degree of Haiti's and international donors' policy attention and financial commitment.

Describing Pakistan's likely future course, this volume seeks to inform U.S. efforts to achieve an effective foreign policy strategy toward the country. Drawing on interviews of elites, polling data, and statistical data on Pakistan's armed forces, the book presents a political and political-military analysis. The authors exposit likely developments in Pakistan's internal and external security environment over the coming decade, assess Pakistan's national will and capacity to solve its problems, and suggest policies for the U.S. government to pursue in order to secure its interests.

In 2008, RAND carried out a survey of conditions in Anbar Province, once one of Iraq's most violent areas. The resulting data on demographics, employment, income and standards of living, education, health, housing and public infrastructure, the effects of war, and agriculture should foster greater understanding of current conditions in al-Anbar and help identify areas on which to focus future assistance.