Lei Zhang

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the physical properties of foods and the cutting-edge technologies employed to measure them. Delving into key topics such as optical, thermal, acoustic, rheological, and textural properties, it provides a detailed examination of principles, measurement methods, and applications in food quality evaluation. While it discusses advanced technologies such as near-infrared spectroscopy, computer vision, spectral imaging, acoustic resonance analysis, electronic noses/tongues/eyes, and multi-sensor data fusion in detail, the book also introduces intelligent equipment design and real-time quality monitoring systems for the food industry, including emerging technologies like 4D printing and terahertz technology. The book also addresses critical questions about the application of these technologies in real-world scenarios, making it a must-read for those seeking to understand and apply the latest advancements in food science. This book is an invaluable resource for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and professionals in food science and engineering. It helps readers understand the principles of various non-destructive food quality measurement techniques and applies them to in-situ evaluation and in-field monitoring. It also serves as both a textbook and a reference guide, enabling readers to understand and apply advanced measurement and processing techniques for in-situ evaluation and in-field monitoring. By providing a thorough understanding of the principles and applications of food physical properties, this book ensures that its audience remains at the forefront of technological advancements in the field. The book contains several chapters originally written in the Chinese language. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence. A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content.

Over a p-adic local field F of characteristic zero, we develop a new type of harmonic analysis on an extended symplectic group G = Gm × Sp2n. It is associated to the Langlands ?-functions attached to any irreducible admissible representations ? ? ? of G(F) and the standard representation ? of the dual group G?(C), and confirms a series of the conjectures in the local theory of the Braverman-Kazhdan proposal (Braverman and Kazhdan, 2000) for the case under consideration. Meanwhile, we develop a new type of harmonic analysis on GL1(F), which is associated to a ?-function ??(?s) (a product of n + 1 certain abelian ?-functions). Our work on GL1(F) plays an indispensable role in the development of our work on G(F). These two types of harmonic analyses both specialize to the well-known local theory developed in Tate's thesis (Tate, 1950) when n = 0. The approach is to use the compactification of Sp2n in the Grassmannian variety of Sp4n, with which we are able to utilize the well developed local theory of Piatetski-Shapiro and Rallis (1986) and many other works) on the doubling local zeta integrals for the standard L-functions of Sp2n.The method can be viewed as an extension of the work of Godement-Jacquet (1972) for the standard L-function of GLn and is expected to work for all classical groups. We will consider the Archimedean local theory and the global theory in our future work.

Metamaterial Design and Additive Manufacturing covers optimization design, manufacturing, microstructure, mechanical properties, acoustic properties, mass-transport properties and application examples of PMs fabricated by selective laser melting additive manufacturing technology. The book introduces the definition and concept of pentamode metamaterials and then describes their characterization, including manufacturing fidelity, mechanical response, acoustic properties and so on. Final sections analyze research situations, problems and applications of additive manufacturing pentamode metamaterials.

This book presents the key technology of electronic noses, and systematically describes how e-noses can be used to automatically analyse odours. Appealing to readers from the fields of artificial intelligence, computer science, electrical engineering, electronics, and instrumentation science, it addresses three main areas: First, readers will learn how to apply machine learning, pattern recognition and signal processing algorithms to real perception tasks. Second, they will be shown how to make their algorithms match their systems once the algorithms don’t work because of the limitation of hardware resources. Third, readers will learn how to make schemes and solutions when the acquired data from their systems is not stable due to the fundamental issues affecting perceptron devices (e.g. sensors). In brief, the book presents and discusses the key technologies and new algorithmic challenges in electronic noses and artificial olfaction. The goal is to promote the industrial application of electronic nose technology in environmental detection, medical diagnosis, food quality control, explosive detection, etc. and to highlight the scientific advances in artificial olfaction and artificial intelligence. The book offers a good reference guide for newcomers to the topic of electronic noses, because it refers to the basic principles and algorithms. At the same time, it clearly presents the key challenges – such as long-term drift, signal uniqueness, and disturbance – and effective and efficient solutions, making it equally valuable for researchers engaged in the science and engineering of sensors, instruments, chemometrics, etc.

This book presents the key technology of electronic noses, and systematically describes how e-noses can be used to automatically analyse odours. Appealing to readers from the fields of artificial intelligence, computer science, electrical engineering, electronics, and instrumentation science, it addresses three main areas: First, readers will learn how to apply machine learning, pattern recognition and signal processing algorithms to real perception tasks. Second, they will be shown how to make their algorithms match their systems once the algorithms don’t work because of the limitation of hardware resources. Third, readers will learn how to make schemes and solutions when the acquired data from their systems is not stable due to the fundamental issues affecting perceptron devices (e.g. sensors). In brief, the book presents and discusses the key technologies and new algorithmic challenges in electronic noses and artificial olfaction. The goal is to promote the industrial application of electronic nose technology in environmental detection, medical diagnosis, food quality control, explosive detection, etc. and to highlight the scientific advances in artificial olfaction and artificial intelligence. The book offers a good reference guide for newcomers to the topic of electronic noses, because it refers to the basic principles and algorithms. At the same time, it clearly presents the key challenges – such as long-term drift, signal uniqueness, and disturbance – and effective and efficient solutions, making it equally valuable for researchers engaged in the science and engineering of sensors, instruments, chemometrics, etc.

Water Lords presents the untold story of drinking water and its carriers in Beijing from the imperial Qing to the Republican period. It adds an ecological perspective to existing studies by foregrounding water as a distinctive force that shaped urban life in the realms of technology, society, and politics. With this book, Lei Zhang makes a new and meaningful contribution to the field of Chinese environmental history by attending to water as a daily necessity and examining the previously neglected arrangements that provided urban denizens with predictable access to this critical resource.

Subpixel mapping is a technology that generates a fine resolution land cover map from coarse resolution fractional images by predicting the spatial locations of different land cover classes at the subpixel scale. This book provides readers with a complete overview of subpixel image processing methods, basic principles, and different subpixel mapping techniques based on single or multi-shift remote sensing images. Step-by-step procedures, experimental contents, and result analyses are explained clearly at the end of each chapter. Real-life applications are a great resource for understanding how and where to use subpixel mapping when dealing with different remote sensing imaging data. This book will be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students, majoring in remote sensing, surveying, mapping, and signal and information processing in universities and colleges, and it can also be used by professionals and researchers at different levels in related fields.

Cloud Data Center Network Architectures and Technologies has been written with the support of Huawei's vast technical knowledge and experience in the data center network (DCN) field, as well as its understanding of customer service requirements. This book describes in detail the architecture design, technical implementation, planning and design, and deployment suggestions for cloud DCNs based on the service challenges DCNs encounter. It starts by describing the overall architecture and technical evolution of DCNs, with the aim of helping readers understand the development of DCNs. It then proceeds to explain the design and implementation of cloud DCNs, including the service model of a single data center (DC), construction of physical and logical networks of DCs, construction of multiple DCNs, and security solutions of DCs. Next, this book dives deep into practices of cloud DCN deployment based on real-world cases to help readers better understand how to build cloud DCNs. Finally, this book introduces DCN openness and some of the hottest forward-looking technologies.In summary, you can use this book as a reference to help you to build secure, reliable, efficient, and open cloud DCNs. It is intended for technical professionals of enterprises, research institutes, information departments, and DCs, as well as teachers and students of computer network-related majors in colleges and universities.AuthorsLei ZhangMr. Zhang is the Chief Architect of Huawei's DCN solution. He has more than 20 years' experience in network product and solution design, as well as a wealth of expertise in product design and development, network planning and design, and network engineering project implementation. He has led the design and deployment of more than 10 large-scale DCNs for Fortune Global 500 companies worldwide.Le ChenMr. Chen is a Huawei DCN Solution Documentation Engineer with eight years' experience in developing documents related to DCN products and solutions. He has participated in the design and delivery of multiple large-scale enterprise DCNs. Mr. Chen has written many popular technical document series, such as DCN Handbook and BGP Topic.

This book takes an in-depth look at Covid-19-generated societal trends and develops scenarios for possible future directions of urban lifestyles. Drawing on examples from Brazil, China, and Israel, and with a particular focus on cities, this book explores the short and long-term changes in individual consumers and citizen behavior as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. On the basis of extensive market and opinion research data, aggregate data, observational evidence, and news reports, the authors provide a detailed account of the transformations that have occurred as a result of a triple shock of public health emergency, economic shutdown, and social isolation. They also examine which of these behavioral changes are likely to become permanent and consider whether this may ultimately promote or restrain sustainable lifestyle choices.Innovative and timely, this book will be of great interest to students, scholars, and professionals researching and working in the areas of sustainable consumption, urban and land use planning, and public health.

Subpixel mapping is a technology that generates a fine resolution land cover map from coarse resolution fractional images by predicting the spatial locations of different land cover classes at the subpixel scale. This book provides readers with a complete overview of subpixel image processing methods, basic principles, and different subpixel mapping techniques based on single or multi-shift remote sensing images. Step-by-step procedures, experimental contents, and result analyses are explained clearly at the end of each chapter. Real-life applications are a great resource for understanding how and where to use subpixel mapping when dealing with different remote sensing imaging data. This book will be of interest to undergraduate and graduate students, majoring in remote sensing, surveying, mapping, and signal and information processing in universities and colleges, and it can also be used by professionals and researchers at different levels in related fields.

This book provides the readers with an interdisciplinary perspective on communication in the diffuse boundaries that also demonstrates the diversity and inclusion for presenting wide range and rapid changes in contents, and the authors use “smart” as the guiding principle while indicate “communication” has been defined as a core feature. Appropriately, the book is divided into eight major sections. As always, the inevitable result of upgrading and constant iterations of developing new communication technology, the media communication has turned out to be one of the most important means in the smart era. The book sheds new light on virtual reality (VR), a pioneering technology in smart media communication, as an entry point to explore why the core social networks of smart news and smart media communication could occupy the central position in smart media communication while to discuss issues such as platform society built using smart media communication, and further elaborate on the integration of 5G technology, media and social transformation. This book not merely covers disciplines such as journalism and communication, but also on the universal application of smart media communication, and furthermore, it provides practical guidance and reviews cutting-edge ideas. It serves as a good future reference to help scholars, graduate students as well as relevant professionals for thinking outside the box that in order to continually expand reader’s knowledge and professional capabilities, especially aware of the impact of observation and judgment, value analysis and lifelong learning.

This book takes an in-depth look at Covid-19-generated societal trends and develops scenarios for possible future directions of urban lifestyles. Drawing on examples from Brazil, China, and Israel, and with a particular focus on cities, this book explores the short and long-term changes in individual consumers and citizen behavior as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. On the basis of extensive market and opinion research data, aggregate data, observational evidence, and news reports, the authors provide a detailed account of the transformations that have occurred as a result of a triple shock of public health emergency, economic shutdown, and social isolation. They also examine which of these behavioral changes are likely to become permanent and consider whether this may ultimately promote or restrain sustainable lifestyle choices.Innovative and timely, this book will be of great interest to students, scholars, and professionals researching and working in the areas of sustainable consumption, urban and land use planning, and public health.

Cloud Data Center Network Architectures and Technologies has been written with the support of Huawei's vast technical knowledge and experience in the data center network (DCN) field, as well as its understanding of customer service requirements. This book describes in detail the architecture design, technical implementation, planning and design, and deployment suggestions for cloud DCNs based on the service challenges DCNs encounter. It starts by describing the overall architecture and technical evolution of DCNs, with the aim of helping readers understand the development of DCNs. It then proceeds to explain the design and implementation of cloud DCNs, including the service model of a single data center (DC), construction of physical and logical networks of DCs, construction of multiple DCNs, and security solutions of DCs. Next, this book dives deep into practices of cloud DCN deployment based on real-world cases to help readers better understand how to build cloud DCNs. Finally, this book introduces DCN openness and some of the hottest forward-looking technologies.In summary, you can use this book as a reference to help you to build secure, reliable, efficient, and open cloud DCNs. It is intended for technical professionals of enterprises, research institutes, information departments, and DCs, as well as teachers and students of computer network-related majors in colleges and universities.AuthorsLei ZhangMr. Zhang is the Chief Architect of Huawei's DCN solution. He has more than 20 years' experience in network product and solution design, as well as a wealth of expertise in product design and development, network planning and design, and network engineering project implementation. He has led the design and deployment of more than 10 large-scale DCNs for Fortune Global 500 companies worldwide.Le ChenMr. Chen is a Huawei DCN Solution Documentation Engineer with eight years' experience in developing documents related to DCN products and solutions. He has participated in the design and delivery of multiple large-scale enterprise DCNs. Mr. Chen has written many popular technical document series, such as DCN Handbook and BGP Topic.

Connie Kelly Tang and Lei Zhang have provided a holistic coverage of the entire surface transportation project and program development process from the beginning of planning though environmental approval, design, right-of way acquisition, construction to operations and maintenance.— Neil Pedersen, Executive Director, Transportation Research Board, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Washington, DCTransportation program and project development is complex. The process spans over planning, programming, environment, design, right of way, construction, operations, and maintenance. Professionals from civil engineering, planning, social and environmental sciences, business and project management, and data science, work together in a relay team to transform an idea into a highway, a transit hub, an airport or a water facility. It is challenging for any one person to master all the knowledge and skills needed to perform every relevant task. However, it is critical for all involved to understand how this relay works and how the societal, environmental, governmental, and regulatory contexts influence the process and the technical solution. Professionals who understand the process and see the big picture are those who rise to the top as leaders.Transportation Project and Program Development provides holistic coverage on the technical subject matter, processes and procedures, and policy and guidance associated with transportation project and program development, which can help professionals become program leaders. For each phase of the process, key products delivered, processes used, governing principles, foundations of applicable science and engineering, technologies deployed, and knowledge required are discussed. While all coverages reflect the practices of the United States, the logic, principles, science, and engineering are applicable to all countries of the world. The book can also serve as an introductory textbook for undergraduate students and as a textbook or reference for a graduate-level course in civil engineering, transportation engineering, planning, and project management.

Connie Kelly Tang and Lei Zhang have provided a holistic coverage of the entire surface transportation project and program development process from the beginning of planning though environmental approval, design, right-of way acquisition, construction to operations and maintenance.— Neil Pedersen, Executive Director, Transportation Research Board, National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Washington, DCTransportation program and project development is complex. The process spans over planning, programming, environment, design, right of way, construction, operations, and maintenance. Professionals from civil engineering, planning, social and environmental sciences, business and project management, and data science, work together in a relay team to transform an idea into a highway, a transit hub, an airport or a water facility. It is challenging for any one person to master all the knowledge and skills needed to perform every relevant task. However, it is critical for all involved to understand how this relay works and how the societal, environmental, governmental, and regulatory contexts influence the process and the technical solution. Professionals who understand the process and see the big picture are those who rise to the top as leaders.Transportation Project and Program Development provides holistic coverage on the technical subject matter, processes and procedures, and policy and guidance associated with transportation project and program development, which can help professionals become program leaders. For each phase of the process, key products delivered, processes used, governing principles, foundations of applicable science and engineering, technologies deployed, and knowledge required are discussed. While all coverages reflect the practices of the United States, the logic, principles, science, and engineering are applicable to all countries of the world. The book can also serve as an introductory textbook for undergraduate students and as a textbook or reference for a graduate-level course in civil engineering, transportation engineering, planning, and project management.

This book provides the readers with an interdisciplinary perspective on communication in the diffuse boundaries that also demonstrates the diversity and inclusion for presenting wide range and rapid changes in contents, and the authors use “smart” as the guiding principle while indicate “communication” has been defined as a core feature. Appropriately, the book is divided into eight major sections. As always, the inevitable result of upgrading and constant iterations of developing new communication technology, the media communication has turned out to be one of the most important means in the smart era. The book sheds new light on virtual reality (VR), a pioneering technology in smart media communication, as an entry point to explore why the core social networks of smart news and smart media communication could occupy the central position in smart media communication while to discuss issues such as platform society built using smart media communication, and further elaborate on the integration of 5G technology, media and social transformation. This book not merely covers disciplines such as journalism and communication, but also on the universal application of smart media communication, and furthermore, it provides practical guidance and reviews cutting-edge ideas. It serves as a good future reference to help scholars, graduate students as well as relevant professionals for thinking outside the box that in order to continually expand reader’s knowledge and professional capabilities, especially aware of the impact of observation and judgment, value analysis and lifelong learning.

Globally, lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are leaders in the energy storage sector but there are concerns regarding load leveling of renewable energy sources as well as smart grids and limited availability of lithium resources resulting in cost increase. Therefore, sodium ion batteries (SIBs) are being researched as next-generation alternatives to LIBs due to their similar sustainability and electrochemistry. This book mainly focuses on the current research on electrode materials and proposes future directions for SIBs to meet the current challenges associated with the full cell aspect. Further, it provide insights into scientific and practical issues in the development of SIBs.