Lewis M. Branscomb

Lewis Branscomb and Philip Auerswald address early-stage, high-tech innovation in the context of business decision making and innovation policy.How do technology innovators, business executives, and venture capitalists manage the technical elements of business risk when developing and launching new products? Overcoming technical risks requires crossing the so-called valley of death-the gap between demonstrating the soundness of a technical concept in a controlled setting and readying the product technology for the market. Crossing the valley of death may mean bringing university-based research to the point where it appears viable to venture capitalists, or bridging the cultural gap between technical innovators and the managers who are being asked to risk their institutional resources. In every context, purely technical risks are coupled with the market risks inherent in innovation.In this book Lewis Branscomb and Philip Auerswald address early-stage, high-tech innovation in the context of business decision making and innovation policy. The topics addressed include the extent to which purely technical risk is separable from market risk; how industrial managers make decisions on funding early-stage, high-risk technology projects; and under what circumstances government can and should act to reduce the technical risks of innovative projects so that firms will invest in them. The book includes contributions by Mary Good, George Hartmann, James McGroddy, Mike Myers, Michael Roberts, and F. M. Scherer.

In this technologically adventurous book, Lewis Branscomb-- distinguished physicist who once headed the National Bureau of Standards and later was IBM's Chief Scientist--explores the "wise and creative" uses of our nation's science, from the boundless faith in science after the Second World War, into the age of technology, which, says Branscomb, "is an expression of the values of the society that creates and uses it." Branscomb examines emerging information technologies--computer software, electronic libraries, video disks, and the information "superhighway"--always exploring the way people are affected. Here readers can share his vision of how we can use both science and politics to improve the prospects for humankind.

Can Korea realize its dream of matching the economic performance of the G-7 nations in the next 15 years? The marshalling of capital, and dedicated, low-cost labor by authoritarian governments in the past created double-digit economic growth based on imported technology. How can Korea's young democracy, fledgling science, and liberalizing policies compete against a new level of global competition? Korea must build its research capability, accelerate the development of smaller, high-tech firms, and reduce bureaucratic conflict in support of an innovation-based strategy. This book puts Korea's technological challenge in its historical context, documents the reasons past strategies are no longer viable, and presents a blueprint for the next stage in Korean development. Korean economy is one of the most exciting and dynamic ones in the world. Korea finds itself in the position of being regarded as respected competition by nations and firms which earlier regarded it only as a source of low-cost, high-quality production. As the economy has slowed, the Korean government and private sector have faced the challenge of making a change in strategy in regard to its approach to technology, and how the economy is to be managed. This analysis of where Korea has been and how it will deal with technology and economic management is conducted by prominent Korean and American scholars.

Informed Legislatures offers the first comprehensive examination of technical information and decisionmaking in state legislatures and recommends ways to improve science and technology support to legislatures through staff, state universities, and other groups. Megan Jones, David H. Guston, and Lewis M. Branscomb report on fieldwork from eleven state legislatures.