Margaret C. Simms

First published in 1986. Forty five percent of black women have at least one child by the time they are turn twenty compared to 19 percent of white women. Eight-six percent of the births to black teens occurred to unmarried mothers compared to 30 percent among whites. Research shows that teenage childbearing has negative medical, social, and economic consequences and that women who first gave birth as teenagers are more likely to raise their families in poverty. In Choice and Circumstance the authors explore tree factors underlying the racial differences in the incidence of early childbearing; information about sex, pregnancy and contraception; need for family planning and abortion services; and motivation for postponing parenthood, including aspirations for schooling, employment plans and desire for children within marriage. They consider which teens postpone sex and pregnancy and why, and whether the kinds of motivation necessary to prevent early pregnancy vary by race in the United Sates, perhaps explaining the race differences in early childbearing.

This study deals with changes in the Chinese development strategy since the end of the Seventies. It examines the main characteristics of the previous development policy, the reasons for the change in orientation and the new aspects that have emerged, and analyzes China's new foreign trade policy.

The problems and special needs of black women are still given inadequate attention in social science analysis. Too often black women are subsumed under the category of "blacks" or "women," with little consideration for their unique needs. This volume focuses on black women as a special group. It includes chapters on employment, educational attainment, and job training programs which originated as papers given at a symposium on the economic status of black women, co-sponsored by the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation and The Review of Black Political Economy.

The problems and special needs of black women are still given inadequate attention in social science analysis. Too often black women are subsumed under the category of "blacks" or "women," with little consideration for their unique needs. This volume focuses on black women as a special group. It includes chapters on employment, educational attainment, and job training programs which originated as papers given at a symposium on the economic status of black women, co-sponsored by the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation and The Review of Black Political Economy.

First published in 1986. Forty five percent of black women have at least one child by the time they are turn twenty compared to 19 percent of white women. Eight-six percent of the births to black teens occurred to unmarried mothers compared to 30 percent among whites. Research shows that teenage childbearing has negative medical, social, and economic consequences and that women who first gave birth as teenagers are more likely to raise their families in poverty. In Choice and Circumstance the authors explore tree factors underlying the racial differences in the incidence of early childbearing; information about sex, pregnancy and contraception; need for family planning and abortion services; and motivation for postponing parenthood, including aspirations for schooling, employment plans and desire for children within marriage. They consider which teens postpone sex and pregnancy and why, and whether the kinds of motivation necessary to prevent early pregnancy vary by race in the United Sates, perhaps explaining the race differences in early childbearing.

This study deals with changes in the Chinese development strategy since the end of the Seventies. It examines the main characteristics of the previous development policy, the reasons for the change in orientation and the new aspects that have emerged, and analyzes China's new foreign trade policy.