In Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL), immunohistochemical expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is found in 67.5% of HL cases and 35% of the tumor micro-environment. However, there is no significant association between PD-L1 expression and the presence of EBV latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1). Only 29.6% of patients with positive PD-L1 expression also show positive EBV LMP-1. Additionally, no significant associations were identified between PD-L1 expression and HL subtype, age, and gender. On the other hand, EBV LMP-1 immunohistochemical expression is significantly associated with male gender (83.3%) and certain histological subtypes but reveals no statistically significant difference concerning the age of the patients.
