Nikolai Gumilev

Segodnja imena Nikolaja Gumileva, Anny Akhmatovoj, Osipa Mandelshtama zvuchat kak otdelnye, chistye udary kolokola - kazhdyj iz nikh ostavil svoj otpechatok v poeticheskoj rechi, i etot otzvuk my slyshim do sikh por.V sbornik voshli stikhotvorenija akmeistov, kogda-to splotivshikhsja v "Tsekh poetov", - golosa, kotorye soedinjajutsja v edinyj, sverkajuschij khor.Sudba mnogikh iz nikh tragichnaja, odnako dazhe na samye temnye vekhi istorii oni sumeli prolit chudotvornyj, spasitelnyj svet poezii.

Segodnja imena Nikolaja Gumileva, Anny Akhmatovoj, Osipa Mandelshtama zvuchat kak razdelnye, samostojatelnye udary v kolokol - kazhdyj iz etikh poetov povlijal na poeticheskuju rech tak silno, chto my do sikh por eto chuvstvuem... V sbornik voshli stikhi akmeistov, kogda-to obedinennykh "Tsekhom Poetov". Sudba mnogikh iz nikh tragichnaja, odnako dazhe na samye temnye vekhi istorii oni sumeli prolit chudotvornyj, spasitelnyj svet poezii.

V knigu voshli ne tolko izvestnye stikhotvorenija Nikolaja Gumiljova (1886-1921), no i stikhi iz ego rannikh sbornikov, v chastnosti, "Puti konkvistadorov", v kotorom uzhe zazvuchali uznavaemye noty avtorskogo golosa. Poezija Gumiljova polna jarkikh obrazov, vdokhnovlennykh puteshestvijami, prikljuchenijami i zhazhdoj otkrytija. V stikhakh oschuschaetsja dukh stranstvij, toska po neizvedannomu i besstrashnoe stremlenie k poznaniju zhizni vo vsekh ejo projavlenijakh. Muzhestvo, s kotorym chelovek preodolevaet trudnosti, i interes, tolkajuschij ego navstrechu opasnostjam, - vot odna iz glavnykh tem poezii Gumiljova.

Nikolaj Gumilev - odin iz jarchajshikh poetov Serebrjanogo veka, utonchennyj dendi, donzhuan, estet, znakovaja figura bogemnogo Peterburga. I v to zhe vremja besstrashnyj puteshestvennik, issledovatel, uspeshnyj izdatel, zamechatelnyj literaturnyj kritik. Kogda Rossija vstupila v Pervuju mirovuju vojnu, on ne mog ostatsja v storone i poshel na front dobrovoltsem. V samom etom fakte net nichego neobychnogo. Odnako Gumilev byl odnim iz nemnogikh, kto umel vojnu poetizirovat, i edva li ne edinstvennym literatorom, ostavivshim stol podrobnyj i chestnyj rasskaz o sluzhbe na peredovoj.Ego "Zapiski kavalerista", sozdannye v forme voennogo dnevnika, pechatalis v gazetakh i vyzyvali bolshoj interes. No nikomu v golovu ne prishlo izdat ikh otdelnoj knigoj. A potom i samo imja Gumileva popalo pod zapret, i vse, chto otnosilos k "imperialisticheskoj vojne", no ne rugalo ee i "starorezhimnuju armiju" ne privetstvovalos. Takim obrazom, v Rossii pervoe izdanie "Zapisok" pojavilos lish v nachale 90-kh godov. Oni predstavljajut soboj ne tolko literaturnoe proizvedenie, no i zamechatelnyj, v svoem rode unikalnyj dokument, bespristrastnoe svidetelstvo soldata o povsednevnoj frontovoj zhizni.V etoj knige tekst "Zapisok" sootnesen s arkhivnymi dokumentami. Dlja udobstva vosprijatija ikh vyderzhki vkrapleny neposredstvenno v povestvovanie. Otlichnym dopolneniem k nim sluzhat perepiska Nikolaja Gumileva za 1914-1917 gody, ego voennye stikhi i nemnogochislennye rasskazy ego sosluzhivtsev.

Po analogii s pushkinskim zolotym vekom epokha rubezha XIX i XX stoletija poluchila nazvanie Serebrjanogo veka i byla oznamenovana javleniem nebyvalogo chisla jarkikh imen v russkoj poezii: Balmont i Brjusov, Gippius i Merezhkovskij, Sologub i Annenskij, Blok i Akhmatova, Gumilev i Mandelshtam, Tsvetaeva i Pasternak, Esenin i Majakovskij i desjatki drugikh. No ne tolko velikoe mnozhestvo poeticheskikh darovanij porodila eta epokha. Serebrjanomu veku bylo prisusche osoboe romanticheskoe mirooschuschenie, udivitelnaja atmosfera, stavshaja otrazheniem dukhovnogo podema i novykh vejanij, kotorye zatronuli kak russkuju literaturu, tak i russkuju zhivopis, filosofiju, muzyku i teatr, - eto byl nastojaschij "kulturnyj renessans", kak pisal Nikolaj Berdjaev. V etoj antologii s dostatochnoj polnotoj predstavleny naibolee jarkie poety Serebrjanogo veka, tvorchestvo kotorykh proshlo ispytanie vremenem i stalo dostojaniem ne tolko epokhi proshlogo, no i chastju russkoj literatury v tselom. Sostavlenie i statja: O. Saburovoj.

Zvezdy Serebrjanogo veka sotvorili svoj illjuzornyj mir, v kotorom realnost kak budto otrazhaetsja v starinnom tumannom zerkale...Vmeste s nimi my otpravljaemsja na vstrechu zagadochnym lichnostjam, chi motivy vrjad li suljat nam chto-to khoroshee, nejasnym predchuvstvijam i trevozhnym ozhidanijam. Raskryvaja tajny personazhej Leonida Andreeva, Zinaidy Gippius, Pavla Muratova, Alekseja Remizova i Fedora Sologuba my v smjatenii mozhem obnaruzhit i svoi sobstvennye temnye ugolki dushi...Dizajn etogo limitirovannogo izdanija serii "Jarkie stranitsy" vdokhnovlen prirodnymi motivami kartiny Dzhovanni di Paolo "Blagoveschenie i Izgnanie iz raja" (ok. 1435).

Vse strasti ljudskie nashli otrazhenie na stranitsakh etogo sbornika: tut i chestoljubie na grani s oderzhimostju, i szhigajuschij vse ramki prilichija azart, i khtonicheskij strakh pered chem-to drevnim i neizvedannym... A glavnoe - bezgranichnoe ljubopytstvo v issledovanii vsekh temnykh ugolkov chelovecheskoj dushi. Da takoe, chto sam Satana spuskaetsja na zemlju i pishet svoj dnevnik. Zdes vy najdete izbrannye misticheskie proizvedenija ot luchshikh russkikh prozaikov serediny XIX - nachala XX veka - Gogolja, Gumileva, Andreeva, Kuprina i dr. Dizajn etogo limitirovannogo izdanija serii "Jarkie stranitsy" vdokhnovlen printom oboev Uiljama Morrisa, sozdannym v 1896 godu dlja pomestja Kompton-kholl bliz Vulvergemptona.

Genialnyj poet Serebrjanogo veka, rasstreljannyj bolshevikami Nikolaj Gumilev, spustja bolee chem polveka stal kultovym avtorom dlja tysjach ljubitelej russkoj slovesnosti: stikhotvorenija znamenitogo akmeista vnov aktualny i v nashe vremja. Master "Tsekha poetov", puteshestvennik, voin, obrazets chesti i podlinno poeticheskogo dostoinstva, Gumilev vospel kak chudesa zharkoj Afriki, tak i peterburgskij "zabludivshijsja tramvaj" i po pravu zasluzhil svoe mesto v kogorte naibolee vazhnykh russkojazychnykh poetov.

Genialnyj poet Serebrjanogo veka, rasstreljannyj bolshevikami Nikolaj Gumilev, spustja bolee chem polveka stal kultovym avtorom dlja tysjach ljubitelej russkoj slovesnosti. Znamenityj akmeist byl po-novomu prochitan i v nashe vremja. Master "tsekha poetov", puteshestvennik, voin, nepokolebimyj obrazets chesti i podlinno poeticheskogo dostoinstva, Gumilev prinadlezhit k kogorte poetov, vnimatelno prochest i ponjat kotorykh objazan segodnja kazhdyj.

V etot sbornik voshli stikhotvorenija raznykh let, pozvoljajuschie chitatelju sostavit dostatochno polnoe predstavlenie o tvorcheskom puti Gumileva - ot molodogo romantika, uvlechennogo prichudlivoj ekzotikoj dalekikh stran, do zrelogo cheloveka, s uzhasom i bolju vosprinimajuschego obrushivshujusja na ego rodinu tragediju. Odnako i rannjaja, i pozdnjaja lirika Gumileva v ravnoj stepeni otmecheny moschju, jarkostju i tochnostju obrazov i metafor, naveki vrezajuschikhsja v pamjat, chekannostju stikhotvornykh form i iskljuchitelnoj dazhe dlja Serebrjanogo veka stepenju vladenija slovom.

Nikolaj Stepanovich Gumilev (1886-1921) - odin iz jarchajshikh predstavitelej literatury Serebrjanogo veka. Za svoju nedolguju zhizn on sdelal ochen mnogo: stal odnim iz sozdatelej shkoly akmeizma, uchastvoval v Pervoj mirovoj vojne, poluchiv dva Georgievskikh kresta, sovershil dve ekspeditsii v Afriku, a glavnoe, podaril nam neischislimoe kolichestvo zamechatelnykh stikhotvorenij. Mechtatel i romantik, on stal tem poetom, kotoryj podmechaet i sobiraet mnozhestvennye sledy ushedshikh epokh: egipetskie ieroglify, mify, vygravirovannye na drevnikh kamnjakh, folklornye sjuzhety, ukhodjaschie svoimi kornjami v temnoe i ne vsegda sposobnoe k rasskazu proshloe. Odnako eto ne prosto kollektsionirovanie artefaktov, no slozhnaja rabota po razgadyvaniju, po vozvrascheniju jazyka slovam i vescham, kotorye otuchilis govorit. Pogruzhajas v parjaschij universum tekstov, my vmeste s avtorom budem razmyshljat o zhizni i smerti, tvorchestve i prizvanii, sudbe i vole i mnogom drugom. Dlja starshego shkolnogo vozrasta.Khudozhnik: Britvin Viktor Glebovi

"Gumilev - poet esche ne prochitannyj. Vizioner i prorok..." - pisala Anna Akhmatova. Imja Nikolaja Gumileva dolgoe vremja bylo pod zapretom, a ego proizvedenija ne pojavljalis v pechati.Za svoju nedolguju zhizn on uspel udivit sovremennikov chistym i moschnym slovom, pereubedil kritikov i kolleg, ne zhelavshikh priznat ego talant. Gumilev pisal gerojakh Ellady: Odissee, Agamemnone i Gerakle, o korsarakh, konkvistadorakh i pervootkryvateljakh, o palmovykh roschakh, drevnikh khramakh i dalekikh plemenakh, o frontovom golode i pobede. Blagodarja ego poezii mozhno okunutsja v puteshestvie po stranam i vremenam, kontinentam i epokham, otyskat uterjannye sokrovischa rodnoj kultury.V sbornike "Odnoobraznye melkajut..." chitatel najdet zhivye, izoschrenno talantlivye i chestnye stikhotvorenija vydajuschegosja poeta Serebrjanogo veka.

V sbornik stikhotvorenij odnogo iz luchshikh poetov nachala KHKh veka Nikolaja Gumiljova voshli ego samye shiroko izvestnye proizvedenija. Dlja starshego shkolnogo vozrasta. Sostavitel: Kurilina Anna.

Ljubov - chuvstvo, kotoroe blizko ljudjam vsekhpokolenij, kotoroe budorazhit krov i razum, rozhdaet potrjasajuschie po svoej sile strokii metafory... Ljubovnaja lirika - pozhaluj, odiniz samykh krasivykh zhanrov. Eto sama zhizn, pere-dannaja avtorami v obrazakh i strofakh.Imenno so stikhotvorenij o ljubvi chasche vse-go nachinaetsja tvorcheskij put poetov, ikh stanov-lenie. V etom sbornike sobrany samye izvest-nye stikhi o ljubvi F. Tjutcheva, A. Feta, A. Bloka, K. Balmonta, M. Tsvetaevoj, A. Akhmatovoj i mnogikhdrugikh. Ikh poeticheskie shedevry stali romansa-mi i pesnjami, razletelis na tsitaty, vyrastiline odno pokolenie ljudej.

Serebrjanyj vek russkoj literatury otkryl miru plejadu genialnykh poetov, odnoj iz tsentralnykh figur literaturnogo mira XX veka byl Nikolaj Gumiljov, avtor prekrasnykh poeticheskikh sbornikov, talantlivyj prozaik, pronitsatelnyj kritik, blestjaschij perevodchik i neutomimyj puteshestvennik. "On pisal stikhi, nasyschennye terpkoj prelestju, obvejannye aromatami vysokikh gor, zharkikh pustyn, dalnikh morej i redkikh tsvetov, prekrasnye, polnozvuchnye, uprugie stikhi, v kotorykh kratkaja i emkaja forma vmeschaet gorazdo bolshe, chem skazano. Stranstvujuschij rytsar, aristokraticheskij brodjaga, - on byl vljublen vo vse epokhi, strany, professii i polozhenija, gde chelo- vecheskaja dusha rastsvetaet v derzkoj geroicheskoj krasote. Kogda chitaesh ego stikhi, to dumaesh, chto oni pisalis s blestjaschimi glazami, s kholodom v volosakh i s gordoj i nezhnoj ulybkoj na ustakh". Svoju poeziju Gumiljov nazyval Muzoj Dalnikh Stranstvij. Neistrebimaja zhazhda puteshestvij vladela im vsju zhizn. Buduchi uvlechennym issledovatelem neizvedannykh mest i strastnym okhotnikom, on uchastvoval v etnograficheskikh ekspeditsijakh v Afriku, byl v Egipte, Turtsii, Gretsii... Nastojaschee izdanie pozvolit v polnoj mere nasladitsja talantom odnogo iz naibolee jarkikh i znachitelnykh poetov Serebrjanogo veka i prosledit ego tvorcheskij put ot pervykh shagov do pika masterstva.

Serebrjanyj vek - udivitelnyj period na rubezhe XIX-go i XX-go stoletija, po znachimosti dlja nashej kultury sravnimyj s italjanskim Renessansom. Osobennogo rastsveta dostigla v to vremja russkaja poezija. Nesluchajno imenno s poetami Annoj Akhmatovoj, Nikolaem Gumilevym, Valeriem Brjusovym, Aleksandrom Blokom i Osipom Mandelshtamom assotsiiruetsja eta epokha. Ikh svjazyvali ljubovnye i druzheskie otnoshenija, semejnye uzy, sovmestnoe izdanie zhurnalov, tvorchestvo i... ozhivlennaja perepiska. V pismakh poety priznavalis v ljubvi, peresylali drug drugu napisannye stikhotvorenija, sporili o tvorcheskikh metodakh, obsuzhdali byt i delilis vpechatlenijami ot puteshestvij. V etoj knige sobrana perepiska samykh talantlivykh poetov epokhi, otkryvajuschaja ikh vnutrennij mir i pogruzhajuschaja chitatelja v prekrasnuju, dramaticheskuju i polnuju tajn atmosferu Serebrjanogo veka.

Gumilev holds a unique position in the history of Russian poetry as a result of his profound involvement with Africa. He extensively wrote both poetry and prose on the culture of the continent in general and on Ethiopia (Abyssinia, as it was called in Gumilev's time) in particular. During his abbreviated lifetime Gumilev made four trips to Northern and Eastern Africa, the most extensive of which was a 1913 expedition to Abyssinia undertaken on assignment from the St. Petersburg Imperial Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography. During that trip Gumilev collected Ethiopian folklore and ethnographic objects, which, upon his return to St. Petersburg, he deposited at the Museum. He and his assistant Nikolai Sverchkov also made more than 200 photographs that offer a unique picture of the African country in the early part of the century.This volume collects all of Gumilev's poetry and prose written about Africa for the first time as well as a number of the photographs that he and Nikolai Sverchkov took during their trip that give a fascinating view of that part of the world in the early twentieth century.Translated by Slava I. Yastremski, Michael M. Naydan, and Maria Badanova

Gumilev holds a unique position in the history of Russian poetry as a result of his profound involvement with Africa. He extensively wrote both poetry and prose on the culture of the continent in general and on Ethiopia (Abyssinia, as it was called in Gumilev's time) in particular. During his abbreviated lifetime Gumilev made four trips to Northern and Eastern Africa, the most extensive of which was a 1913 expedition to Abyssinia undertaken on assignment from the St. Petersburg Imperial Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography. During that trip Gumilev collected Ethiopian folklore and ethnographic objects, which, upon his return to St. Petersburg, he deposited at the Museum. He and his assistant Nikolai Sverchkov also made more than 200 photographs that offer a unique picture of the African country in the early part of the century.This volume collects all of Gumilev's poetry and prose written about Africa for the first time as well as a number of the photographs that he and Nikolai Sverchkov took during their trip that give a fascinating view of that part of the world in the early twentieth century.Translated by Slava I. Yastremski, Michael M. Naydan, and Maria Badanova