Norman Badler

These stories and pictures span more than fifty years of relationships with our pets. We trace the origins and evolution of our pet families which led to unexpectedly strong mutual bonds between us and a specific dog breed: dachshunds. Generations of dachshunds have captivated and entertained us with their humor, foibles, intelligence, and interactions. Our adoptions and rescues have in turn amply rewarded us by their companionship and comedic antics, and by their loyalty and love. More than just pets, they have brought us the sadness of endings and the joys of beginnings as endearing family members.

These stories and pictures span more than fifty years of relationships with our pets. We trace the origins and evolution of our pet families which led to unexpectedly strong mutual bonds between us and a specific dog breed: dachshunds. Generations of dachshunds have captivated and entertained us with their humor, foibles, intelligence, and interactions. Our adoptions and rescues have in turn amply rewarded us by their companionship and comedic antics, and by their loyalty and love. More than just pets, they have brought us the sadness of endings and the joys of beginnings as endearing family members.

Current computer graphics hardware and software make it possible to synthesize near photo-realistic images, but the simulation of natural-looking motion of articulated figures remains a difficultand challenging task. Skillfully rendered animation of humans, animals, and robots can delight and move us, but simulating their realistic motion holds great promise for many other applications as well, including ergonomic engineering design, clinical diagnosis of pathological movements, rehabilitation therapy, and biomechanics.Making Them Move presents the work of leading researchers in computer graphics, psychology, robotics and mechanical engineering who were invited to attend the Workshop on the Mechanics, Control and Animation of ArticulatedFigures held at the MIT Media Lab in April 1989. The book explores biological and robotic motor control, as well as state-of-the-art computergraphics techniques for simulating human and animal figures in a natural and physically realistic manner.

There are many applications of computer animation and simulation where it is necessary to model virtual crowds of autonomous agents. Some of these applications include site planning, education, entertainment, training, and human factors analysis for building evacuation. Other applications include simulations of scenarios where masses of people gather, flow, and disperse, such as transportation centers, sporting events, and concerts. Most crowd simulations include only basic locomotive behaviors possibly coupled with a few stochastic actions. Our goal in this survey is to establish a baseline of techniques and requirements for simulating large-scale virtual human populations. Sometimes, these populations might be mutually engaged in a common activity such as evacuation from a building or area; other times they may be going about their individual and personal agenda of work, play, leisure, travel, or spectator. Computational methods to model one set of requirements may not mesh well withgood approaches to another. By including both crowd and individual goals and constraints into a comprehensive computational model, we expect to simulate the visual texture and contextual behaviors of groups of seemingly sentient beings. Table of Contents: Introduction / Crowd Simulation Methodology Survey / Individual Differences in Crowds / Framework (HiDAC + MACES + CAROSA) / HiDAC: Local Motion / MACES: Wayfinding with Communication and Roles / CAROSA: Functional Crowds / Initializing a Scenario / Evaluating Crowds