Pasquale Arpaia

Based on practical field experience and several case studies, this book presents state-of-the-art artificial intelligence techniques, validating their efficiency and accuracy in real-world industrial applications. The authors show how a meta-heuristic approach can enhance automatic fault monitoring in man-made systems. For each phase of fault monitoring, they propose a meta-heuristic approach that is tested experimentally in an actual industrial environment. While the proposed methods are validated on specific industrial problems, their applicability is wide and general.

This book presents a complete overview of the main EEG-based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) paradigms and the related practical solutions for their design, prototyping, and testing. Readers will explore active, reactive, and passive BCI paradigms, with an emphasis on the operation for developing solutions, addressing the need for customization.Readers will familiarize themselves with the main steps for the realization of low-cost wearable BCIs which include: identification of the most suitable neuro signals for a specific application; definition of the hardware, firmware, and software, with a focus on wearable, non-invasive, and low-cost solutions; development of algorithms for data processing and classification; and, lastly, experimental campaigns for the validation of the prototyped solutions. BCI systems based on electroencephalography (EEG) are investigated and a complete overview of all BCI paradigms is offered. The aim of this book is to drive the reader, from the beginning to the end, along a research-and-development process of a working BCI prototype.This book is a guide for designers, biomedical engineers, students, biotechnologists, and those in the biomedical instrumentation field that would like to conceive, design, prototype, and test an innovative low-cost wearable EEG-based BCI.

The book presents an innovative technology based on injection of a very weak current to trace the quantity of a drug carried immediately after the administration. The book makes the reader familiar with the technology, from the conception through the design of the instrument, up to the preliminary clinical applications. In the first chapter, the method of transdermal drug delivery and the use of impedance spectroscopy in the dermatological field are presented. The second chapter describes a screening measurement campaign aimed at proving the feasibility of the assessment method and identifying the bandwidth of interest. The prototyping, validation and characterization of an instrument to measure the amount of drug delivered (DUSM: Drug Under Skin Meter) are presented in chapter three. In the fourth chapter three experimental campaigns, based on the electrical analysis of the biological tissue behavior due to the drug delivery, are reported: (i) laboratory emulation on eggplants, (ii) ex-vivo tests on pig ears, and finally (iii) in-vivo tests on human volunteers. In the fifth chapter a behavioral model, based on Finite Elements and Partial Differential Equation, of an impedance-based measurement system for assessing the drug released under the skin, during transdermal delivering, is proposed. The last chapter is dedicated to present a campaign in order to prove the suitability for insulin therapy applications. This book is intended for biomedical engineers, biomedical engineering students, operators working in the field of biomedical instrumentation, biotechnologists, and technicians of transdermal vehiculation.

This book presents a complete overview of the main EEG-based Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) paradigms and the related practical solutions for their design, prototyping, and testing. Readers will explore active, reactive, and passive BCI paradigms, with an emphasis on the operation for developing solutions, addressing the need for customization.Readers will familiarize themselves with the main steps for the realization of low-cost wearable BCIs which include: identification of the most suitable neuro signals for a specific application; definition of the hardware, firmware, and software, with a focus on wearable, non-invasive, and low-cost solutions; development of algorithms for data processing and classification; and, lastly, experimental campaigns for the validation of the prototyped solutions. BCI systems based on electroencephalography (EEG) are investigated and a complete overview of all BCI paradigms is offered. The aim of this book is to drive the reader, from the beginning to the end, along a research-and-development process of a working BCI prototype.This book is a guide for designers, biomedical engineers, students, biotechnologists, and those in the biomedical instrumentation field that would like to conceive, design, prototype, and test an innovative low-cost wearable EEG-based BCI.

The book presents an innovative technology based on injection of a very weak current to trace the quantity of a drug carried immediately after the administration. The book makes the reader familiar with the technology, from the conception through the design of the instrument, up to the preliminary clinical applications. In the first chapter, the method of transdermal drug delivery and the use of impedance spectroscopy in the dermatological field are presented. The second chapter describes a screening measurement campaign aimed at proving the feasibility of the assessment method and identifying the bandwidth of interest. The prototyping, validation and characterization of an instrument to measure the amount of drug delivered (DUSM: Drug Under Skin Meter) are presented in chapter three. In the fourth chapter three experimental campaigns, based on the electrical analysis of the biological tissue behavior due to the drug delivery, are reported: (i) laboratory emulation on eggplants, (ii) ex-vivo tests on pig ears, and finally (iii) in-vivo tests on human volunteers. In the fifth chapter a behavioral model, based on Finite Elements and Partial Differential Equation, of an impedance-based measurement system for assessing the drug released under the skin, during transdermal delivering, is proposed. The last chapter is dedicated to present a campaign in order to prove the suitability for insulin therapy applications. This book is intended for biomedical engineers, biomedical engineering students, operators working in the field of biomedical instrumentation, biotechnologists, and technicians of transdermal vehiculation.

Advanced methods and techniques of monitoring, fault diagnostics, and predictive maintenance for cryogenics are illustrated in this boo.In Part I: Background, mainstreams in the related research are reviewed. In Part II: Methods, for monitoring helium distribution and consumption in cryogenic systems for particle accelerators, a virtual flowmeter is presented. Then, for fault diagnostics, two methods, for fault detection on a compressor, and for distributed diagnostics based on a micro-genetic algorithm, are described.Finally, for predictive maintenance, a metaheuristic optimization scheduling algorithm is illustrated. In Part III of Application examples, several practical case studies are described for highlighting the application of the previous methods to cryogenics of particle accelerators at CERN.

Addresses several issues related to the metrological characterization of high-performance pulsed power converters. Initially, a background and state-of-the-art on measurement systems for high-performance power converter are presented. In industrial applications of power converters metrology, specifications are often given in terms of worst-case uncertainty (WCU). Therefore, an analytical model for predicting the WCU of a measurement system is discussed and detailed for instruments affected by Gaussian noise. The authors discuss the study and design of a reference acquisition system for characterizing high-power pulses as well as the design of an on-line acquisition system for controlling the power converter. The book continues with numerical results obtained in simulation for the three main topics, which demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposals. Finally, the experimental results of a case study, carried out in the framework of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) at CERN, are reported. To meet CLIC requirements the two systems were designed to be ultra-low noise and are demonstrated to be repeatable in the order of few tens of parts per million (ppm).

Modern automated industrial systems depend on accurate and prompt monitoring for equipment and system performance, along with determining pending faults and maintenance issues.This book offers approaches to developing and writing the software algorithms that underlie automated monitoring. Starting from a careful analysis of the state-of-the-art techniques and design principles of software architectures for measurement and test applications, this practical book illustrates how to develop a framework capable of addressing the needs for both general quality (re-configurability, extendibility, flexibility, reusability, and so forth) and specific requirements of applications in the field of test and measurement.Engineers and technicians interested in the development of a software platform capable of integrating into one single environment all the measurement devices and techniques used in their domain or company will find this book to be incredibly useful, time-saving, and results-oriented. It offers readers: * a software framework for measurement applications, for both object-oriented programming and aspect-oriented programming. * guidance on how to create a methodology, including framework kernel, fault detector, synchronizer, automatic generation of user interfaces, and software quality assessment. * an extended case study based on automated magnetic measurements at CERN International Particle Accelerator Project.