Pramod Kumar

Anaesthesiology changed since last 30 years, from open drop ether to newer intravenous and safely calibrated vaporizers for inhalational agents which have contributed to a patient outcome. There was an increasing awareness of pre and postoperative period, pain relief services by nerve blocks. The anesthesiologist is dealing with resuscitation in shock, cardiac arrest and toxaemia and multiorgan dysfunction. The monitoring modes and experience with multi organ failures lead to his involvement in Intensive Care Units.. With this speed of development of technology the corporate sector took the lead in the technology but medical college and district hospitals lagged behind to cop up with the newer advances or computer and fully utilize its advantage. The teaching of postgraduates except for some institutions has also suffered as the senior teachers still teach stages of ether anaesthesia, which is not in use since long.. Even the questions asked in the postgraduate courses are still of the same old mode as were asked 20 years ago. The P.G. teaching also suffers because a graduate joining specialty has no concept of anesthesiology and its relevance to medical therapeutics in surgery and medicine. This leads to the conflicts between surgeon and anaesthesiologist. There is a need for anaesthesiologists to get trained in the pre operative care and optimizing of their patients rather than depending on the physician whose approach about the patients is on an OPD basis. This book tries to fill all the gaps, seen in the postgraduate training. Further, there is a gap between the present training and the recent advances. Most of the super specialty training for students remains on papers in their textbooks. All this results in a medical postgraduate getting only a degree on paper without any proper training. The fresh graduate is raw, hesitant. He wants to join a corporate hospital where he starts again as a trainee till he gets proficiency, thus getting exploited in the process. The available existing books in anaesthesiology are from western countries. We are updating ourselves quite well to them. However, the practical training and theory is not correlated well, especially when most of the students are left to fend for themselves in the postgraduate tenure.. The target is this group which can be imparted a knowledge relevant to present circumstances and the need to improve.. The contradiction of old and new exists. This has to be tackled by relevant postgraduate and undergraduate training and knowledge according to our own needs. An effort is made so as to stimulate others to carry on this idea and start writing more and more books relevant for the postgraduates of our country.

Anaesthesiology changed since last 30 years, from open drop ether to newer intravenous and safely calibrated vaporizers for inhalational agents which have contributed to a patient outcome. There was an increasing awareness of pre and postoperative period, pain relief services by nerve blocks. The anesthesiologist is dealing with resuscitation in shock, cardiac arrest and toxaemia and multiorgan dysfunction. The monitoring modes and experience with multi organ failures lead to his involvement in Intensive Care Units.. With this speed of development of technology the corporate sector took the lead in the technology but medical college and district hospitals lagged behind to cop up with the newer advances or computer and fully utilize its advantage. The teaching of postgraduates except for some institutions has also suffered as the senior teachers still teach stages of ether anaesthesia, which is not in use since long.. Even the questions asked in the postgraduate courses are still of the same old mode as were asked 20 years ago. The P.G. teaching also suffers because a graduate joining specialty has no concept of anesthesiology and its relevance to medical therapeutics in surgery and medicine. This leads to the conflicts between surgeon and anaesthesiologist. There is a need for anaesthesiologists to get trained in the pre operative care and optimizing of their patients rather than depending on the physician whose approach about the patients is on an OPD basis. This book tries to fill all the gaps, seen in the postgraduate training. Further, there is a gap between the present training and the recent advances. Most of the super specialty training for students remains on papers in their textbooks. All this results in a medical postgraduate getting only a degree on paper without any proper training. The fresh graduate is raw, hesitant. He wants to join a corporate hospital where he starts again as a trainee till he gets proficiency, thus getting exploited in the process. The available existing books in anaesthesiology are from western countries. We are updating ourselves quite well to them. However, the practical training and theory is not correlated well, especially when most of the students are left to fend for themselves in the postgraduate tenure.. The target is this group which can be imparted a knowledge relevant to present circumstances and the need to improve.. The contradiction of old and new exists. This has to be tackled by relevant postgraduate and undergraduate training and knowledge according to our own needs. An effort is made so as to stimulate others to carry on this idea and start writing more and more books relevant for the postgraduates of our country.

The Pain Relief service has taken almost 5 decades since the formation of International Association for study of Pain. In India these services started within a decade after formation of IASP when ISSP was formed in BHU Varanasi. The anaesthesiologist, surgeons & physicians have all joined together in providing pain relief services. However there is still reluctance on the part of medical community to start this service to millions of patients suffering from chronic intractable pain. This book is a further step in creating awareness & trains the pain physicians and postgraduate in South Asia. This book deals with a synopsis of pain mechanisms, various conditions and pain services imparted through peripheral nerve blocks, invasive and non invasive procedures. The second part deals with palliative care in terminal cancer patients which is useful to pain practitioners, UG & PG students and even public at large since the language used is very specific, to the point & simple. This book will be useful to anaesthesiologists since MCI has made Pain Clinic services under anaesthesiology department in a medical college mandatory.

The Pain Relief service has taken almost 5 decades since the formation of International Association for study of Pain. In India these services started within a decade after formation of IASP when ISSP was formed in BHU Varanasi. The anaesthesiologist, surgeons & physicians have all joined together in providing pain relief services. However there is still reluctance on the part of medical community to start this service to millions of patients suffering from chronic intractable pain. This book is a further step in creating awareness & trains the pain physicians and postgraduate in South Asia. This book deals with a synopsis of pain mechanisms, various conditions and pain services imparted through peripheral nerve blocks, invasive and non invasive procedures. The second part deals with palliative care in terminal cancer patients which is useful to pain practitioners, UG & PG students and even public at large since the language used is very specific, to the point & simple. This book will be useful to anaesthesiologists since MCI has made Pain Clinic services under anaesthesiology department in a medical college mandatory.

Palliative care is specialized medical care for people with serious illness. This type of care is focused on providing relief from the symptoms and stress of a serious illness. The goal is to improve quality of life for both the patient and the family.Significant progress with palliative medicine continues to be made in India with the integration of palliative care in major cancer centres and the offering of fellowships in palliative medicine. Therefore, it is important to reinforce the continuing need for this alternative approach to cancer care in India and assess whether palliative care teams improve better quality of life outcomes. However, one of the barriers of ongoing palliative care development in India is the adopting of Western palliative care models, which are often irrelevant to the Indian setting. One aspect of Western palliative care that is particularly difficult to implement in the Indian context is the healthcare ethical standards by which palliative care centers are expected to uphold. Palliative care in India is believed to have been originated in Kerala in 1986 with the establishment of a pain clinic in the Regional Cancer Center of Trivandrum, the capital of Kerala. While there is the desire to imitate only Western models of palliation, the limitations in the Indian healthcare setting necessitate a future model of care adapted to the challenges of the Indian economy, government, and patient cohort. This book has been written to create awareness amongst the practioner sand post graduates regarding cancer palliative care. This book is planned as a practice manual in cancer palliative care.

This book addresses the concept and applications of Finite Time Thermodynamics to various thermal energy conversion systems including heat engines, heat pumps, and refrigeration and air-conditioning systems. The book is the first of its kind, presenting detailed analytical formulations for the design and optimisation of various power producing and cooling cycles including but not limited to: • Vapour power cycles• Gas power cycles• Vapour compression cycles• Vapour absorption cycles• Rankine cycle coupled refrigeration systems Further, the book addresses the thermoeconomic analysis for the optimisation of thermal cycles, an important field of study in the present age and which is characterised by multi-objective optimization regarding energy, ecology, the environment and economics. Lastly, the book provides the readers with key techniques associated with Finite Time Thermodynamics, allowing them to understand the relevance of irreversibilities associated with real processes and the scientific reasons for deviations from ideal performance. The book is aimed at a broad readership, and offers a valuable reference book for graduate students, scholars and professionals working in the areas of thermal science and engineering.