Ram Prasad

Fl ssiggas (LPG) - ein Benzinersatz f r Kraftfahrzeuge - wird aufgrund seiner sauberen Verbrennung, seiner h heren Oktanzahl und seiner im Vergleich zu Benzin wesentlich geringeren CO-, HC-, CO2- und Partikelemissionen immer beliebter. Der gr te Nachteil ist die Emission von unverbrannten Kohlenwasserstoffen und anderen Schadstoffen wie NOx und CO. Abgesehen von den gesundheitlichen Problemen verursachen Kohlenwasserstoffe auch sp rbare Umweltsch den wie die Bildung von photochemischem Smog, den Abbau des stratosph rischen Ozons und die Bildung von bodennahem Ozon. Da die Emissionsvorschriften f r LPG-Motoren immer strenger werden, m ssen die Motoren modifiziert und die Abgase behandelt werden, um die Emissionskontrolle zu verbessern. Die katalytische Oxidation ist eine der wirksamsten Methoden zur Verringerung der HC-Emissionen von Fl ssiggasfahrzeugen. Spinelloxide wurden ausgiebig als potenzieller Ersatz f r teure Katalysatoren auf Edelmetallbasis untersucht. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es daher, einen effizienten Katalysator f r die Verbrennung von Kohlenwasserstoffen innerhalb des Temperaturfensters von Fahrzeugabgasen zu entwickeln.

Il gas di petrolio liquefatto (GPL) - un sostituto della benzina per le automobili - sempre pi in crescita grazie alla sua combustione pulita, al numero di ottani pi elevato e alle emissioni di CO, HC, CO2 e particolato notevolmente inferiori rispetto alla benzina. Lo svantaggio principale l'emissione di idrocarburi incombusti e di altri inquinanti come NOx e CO. Oltre ai problemi di salute, gli HC causano anche danni ambientali tangibili come la formazione di smog fotochimico, l'esaurimento dell'ozono stratosferico e la produzione di ozono troposferico. Poich le normative sulle emissioni dei motori a GPL stanno diventando sempre pi severe, necessario modificare i motori e trattare i gas di scarico per migliorare i sistemi di controllo delle emissioni. L'ossidazione catalitica uno dei metodi pi efficaci per ridurre le emissioni di HC dai veicoli a GPL. Gli ossidi di spinello sono stati ampiamente studiati come potenziali sostituti dei costosi catalizzatori a base di metalli nobili. L'obiettivo del presente lavoro quindi quello di sviluppare un catalizzatore efficiente per la combustione degli HC all'interno della finestra di temperatura dei gas di scarico dei veicoli.

O g s de petr leo liquefeito (GPL) - um substituto da gasolina para os autom veis - est a aumentar cada vez mais devido sua combust o limpa, maior ndice de octanas e emiss es consideravelmente mais baixas de CO, HC, CO2 e part culas em compara o com a gasolina. O principal inconveniente associado a estes combust veis a emiss o de hidrocarbonetos n o queimados, juntamente com outros poluentes, como o NOx e o CO. Para al m dos problemas de sa de, os HC causam tamb m danos ambientais tang veis, como a forma o de smog fotoqu mico, a destrui o do ozono estratosf rico e a produ o de ozono ao n vel do solo. Como a regulamenta o sobre as emiss es dos motores a GPL cada vez mais rigorosa, necess rio modificar o motor e tratar os gases de escape para melhorar os sistemas de controlo das emiss es. A oxida o catal tica um dos m todos mais eficazes para reduzir as emiss es de HCs dos ve culos a GPL. Os xidos de espin lio t m sido amplamente investigados como potenciais substitutos dos dispendiosos catalisadores base de metais nobres. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho desenvolver um catalisador eficiente para a combust o de HCs dentro da janela de temperatura dos gases de escape dos ve culos.

New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Trichoderma for Biotechnological Applications: Current Insights and Future Prospects includes the most recent advances in Trichoderma based research. The book emphasizes the use of modern biotechnological and molecular tools such as the identification of Trichoderma, the development of diagnostic markers, and genome mapping and next generation sequencing based approaches. Chapters discuss a variety of applications and illustrations, including the biology and biodiversity of Trichoderma, biotic and abiotic stresses, plant health, disease management, crop improvement, industrial and commercial products, and more. The book includes various applications, making it useful for biotechnologists, biochemical engineers, biochemists, plant breeders, soil microbiologist, agronomists and researchers interested in sustainable agriculture practices.

Basic principles of applied life sciences such as recombinant DNA technology is used in most life sciences industries marketing bio-formulations for designing more effective protein-based drugs, such as erythropoietin and fast-acting insulin etc. In recent times genetically engineered host cells from mammal, animal and plants are also being used in life sciences industries to manufacture biologics. This book discusses the most basic as well advanced issues on biological products for successfully managing a life sciences industry. It elucidates the life cycle of biological molecules, right from the conceptual development of different types of biopolymers, and their subsequent transfer from the conical flasks in laboratory to life sciences industries for large scale production and marketing. It focuses on sustainable longevity in the life cycle of commercial biopolymers. Cumulative facts and figures in this volume would immensely help in inspiring life sciences industry promoters to monitor value chain transfer process of biologics for better profitability. Additionally, it would serve as a perusal document for the students and researchers interested in entrepreneurial ventures or having their own start-up projects for the commercialization of biologics.

Healthcare Strategies and Planning for Social Inclusion and Development: Volume Two: Social, Economic, and Health Disparities of Rural Women examines rural women, particularly in developing countries, and how social and economic constraints they experience impact their ability to advocate for their own health and impede their access to healthcare. This volume discusses the economic and social barriers rural women confront in exercising their right to health care. It explains how geographical isolation, economic instability, healthcare provider shortages, lack of appropriate funding, resource limitations, and lack of health education are just few factors that make rural health care difficult. The book also covers the impact of social isolation on the health needs of rural women which include chronic diseases, mental health, and OB/GYN services as well as how the lack of opportunities for formal education restrict rural women from working outside the household. This volume will be a useful resource to graduate students in public and global health, public health professionals, health and social work researchers, and health policymakers interested in women’s health, especially in developing countries.

Healthcare Strategies and Planning for Social Inclusion and Development: Volume One: Health for All - Challenges and Opportunities in Healthcare Management examines health care management, particularly in developing countries, along with the key aspects of universal health required to address current global health issues. This new volume begins with an overview of the concept and definition of “Health for All.? The book covers how international organizations like the WHO support national health authorities in managing their core healthcare systems, support healthcare workforces, utilize technologies like health information systems, ensure health coverage and funding, and provide primary healthcare education. This volume is a useful resource to graduate students in public health and health care policy, public health professionals, health and social work researchers, and health policy makers interested in global health and primary healthcare services, particularly in developing countries.

Tailoring of biomolecules using protein engineering technology, and host cells culture techniques are among the most sophisticated and elegant achievements of modern applied life sciences in which the basic fundamentals biotechnology are applicable for the development and manufacturing of biologics and other related bio-molecules for a hurdle free life with good health. A majority of biologics derived from genetically modified host cells in the current market are bio-formulation such as antibodies, nucleic acid products and vaccines. Such bio-formulations are developed mainly in two steps i.e. upstream process and downstream process. The first volume of this series begins with the latest information on how the classical stepwise host cells culture (mammals, animals, plants, and bacteria) methodology has been changed to fully continuous or partially continuous host cells culture process in order to economise the biopharmaceutical products manufacturing process. In addition this volume narrates a brief history on conceptual development of new thoughts in designing biotechnology industries for commercial production of variety of therapeutic proteins with structural modification on the basis of clinical requirements. The readers will feel exited by going through the latest discovery and development in applied life sciences for designing innovative biomolecules for health care with utmost safe. The most interesting part of this volume is newly developed concept on bioprinting. It explains how to design and fabricate animate objects by fusing or depositing material of interest in the form of powders, solid dusts, metal, liquid or even living cells or tissues by layers to produce 3D objectives. The first volume ends with the latest information on the current trend in biologics market, market dynamic, drives, and opportunities with challenges.

Basic principles of applied life sciences such as recombinant DNA technology is used in most life sciences industries marketing bio-formulations for designing more effective protein-based drugs, such as erythropoietin and fast-acting insulin etc. In recent times genetically engineered host cells from mammal, animal and plants are also being used in life sciences industries to manufacture biologics. This book discusses the most basic as well advanced issues on biological products for successfully managing a life sciences industry. It elucidates the life cycle of biological molecules, right from the conceptual development of different types of biopolymers, and their subsequent transfer from the conical flasks in laboratory to life sciences industries for large scale production and marketing. It focuses on sustainable longevity in the life cycle of commercial biopolymers. Cumulative facts and figures in this volume would immensely help in inspiring life sciences industry promoters to monitor value chain transfer process of biologics for better profitability. Additionally, it would serve as a perusal document for the students and researchers interested in entrepreneurial ventures or having their own start-up projects for the commercialization of biologics.

Tailoring of biomolecules using protein engineering technology, and host cells culture techniques are among the most sophisticated and elegant achievements of modern applied life sciences in which the basic fundamentals biotechnology are applicable for the development and manufacturing of biologics and other related bio-molecules for a hurdle free life with good health. A majority of biologics derived from genetically modified host cells in the current market are bio-formulation such as antibodies, nucleic acid products and vaccines. Such bio-formulations are developed mainly in two steps i.e. upstream process and downstream process. The first volume of this series begins with the latest information on how the classical stepwise host cells culture (mammals, animals, plants, and bacteria) methodology has been changed to fully continuous or partially continuous host cells culture process in order to economise the biopharmaceutical products manufacturing process. In addition this volume narrates a brief history on conceptual development of new thoughts in designing biotechnology industries for commercial production of variety of therapeutic proteins with structural modification on the basis of clinical requirements. The readers will feel exited by going through the latest discovery and development in applied life sciences for designing innovative biomolecules for health care with utmost safe. The most interesting part of this volume is newly developed concept on bioprinting. It explains how to design and fabricate animate objects by fusing or depositing material of interest in the form of powders, solid dusts, metal, liquid or even living cells or tissues by layers to produce 3D objectives. The first volume ends with the latest information on the current trend in biologics market, market dynamic, drives, and opportunities with challenges.

Environmental Technology and Sustainability: Physical, Chemical and Biological Technologies for Clean Environmental Management provides a dependable source of information on the fundamental scientific evidence involved in environmental protection and sustainable development. The book provides the basic natural sciences that underpin the understanding, development and application of environment technologies that support a clean inhabitable world that includes environmental technologies and sustainable, renewable energy systems. It considers the science and technology for environmental benefits, including the development of both smarter, cleaner technologies for environmental protection, conservation, and more.