Robert O Freedman

Since the Camp David agreements of September 1978, the Middle East has experienced a series of major military and political developments that have affected not just the nations of the region and the two superpowers, but the rest of the world as well. The fall of the Shah of Iran, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the Iraqi invasion of Iran, the assassination of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, and the Israeli invasion of Lebanon—to name only a few events—have had a major impact. In this volume, a group of internationally recognized scholars, many of whom are present and former U.S. government officials, analyze these Middle Eastern developments from the perspectives of the superpowers, the region in general, and the five major actors during this period (Egypt, Israel, the PLO, Syria, and Iran). Although the individual authors speak from differing perspectives and viewpoints in their analyses, the book as a whole presents a balanced examination of the key developments in the volatile Middle East since Camp David.

The 1992 elections represented a watershed in Israeli politics. Returning to power for the first time in fifteen years, the Labor government, under Yitzhak Rabin, has implemented significant changes in foreign policy and domestic politics. Perhaps the most important changes were Israel's recognition of the PLO and the signing of the Declaration of

Since the Camp David agreements of September 1978, the Middle East has experienced a series of major military and political developments that have affected not just the nations of the region and the two superpowers, but the rest of the world as well. The fall of the Shah of Iran, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the Iraqi invasion of Iran, the assassination of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, and the Israeli invasion of Lebanon—to name only a few events—have had a major impact. In this volume, a group of internationally recognized scholars, many of whom are present and former U.S. government officials, analyze these Middle Eastern developments from the perspectives of the superpowers, the region in general, and the five major actors during this period (Egypt, Israel, the PLO, Syria, and Iran). Although the individual authors speak from differing perspectives and viewpoints in their analyses, the book as a whole presents a balanced examination of the key developments in the volatile Middle East since Camp David.

The 1992 elections represented a watershed in Israeli politics. Returning to power for the first time in fifteen years, the Labor government, under Yitzhak Rabin, has implemented significant changes in foreign policy and domestic politics. Perhaps the most important changes were Israel's recognition of the PLO and the signing of the Declaration of

This unique volume intensively studies the nature and extent of US - Israeli relations, from 1948 through the Bush and Obama administrations. Leading experts in the field (including Israeli and North American scholars from a variety of political perspectives) contribute original essays on the principal political, religious, ethnic, military, economic, and juridical connections between the United States and Israel. Specific topics covered in this new book include: the pro-Israel lobby in the United States; the US Jewish community and its relations to Israel; evangelical Christians and Israel; military and economic ties between the United States and Israel; the threat of a nuclear Iran for both countries; and the impact of American jurisprudence on Israel. Section introductions from the editor effectively contextualize the issues and provide students with an in-depth understanding of the past, present, and future of the US - Israel relationship.

This book provides the reader with a balanced understanding of both the dynamism and the complexity of Israeli politics. It is devoted to Israel's domestic politics which includes right-wing and left-wing parties, Israel's main interest-group parties, Israeli security and foreign policy issues.

This monograph is another in the series of papers from the conference entitled "The U.S. and Russia: Regional Security Issues and Interests," conducted sponsored jointly by the Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) of the U.S. Army War College; the Ellison Center for Russian, East European, and Central Asian Studies at the Jackson School of International Studies at the University of Washington; the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's Pacific Northwest Center for Global Studies; and Dr. Robert Freedman's monograph analyzes the Russo-Iranian relationship through the spring of 2006. This issue, of course, is vitally important in U.S. foreign policy, not just as it relates to Iran and the overall issue of nonproliferation, especially in the Middle East, but also as U.S. foreign policy pertains to relations with Moscow.

This unique volume intensively studies the nature and extent of US - Israeli relations, from 1948 through the Bush and Obama administrations. Leading experts in the field (including Israeli and North American scholars from a variety of political perspectives) contribute original essays on the principal political, religious, ethnic, military, economic, and juridical connections between the United States and Israel. Specific topics covered in this new book include: the pro-Israel lobby in the United States; the US Jewish community and its relations to Israel; evangelical Christians and Israel; military and economic ties between the United States and Israel; the threat of a nuclear Iran for both countries; and the impact of American jurisprudence on Israel. Section introductions from the editor effectively contextualize the issues and provide students with an in-depth understanding of the past, present, and future of the US - Israel relationship.

"Succinctly laying out the problems and prospects for the Middle East in the new century, Freedman's book will be widely read in classrooms across the country."--Glenn E. Robinson, Naval Postgraduate SchoolThis collection analyzes the impact of the three major developments of the latter part of the 20th century on the future of the Middle East in the 21st century: the Arab-Israeli peace process, the 1979 Islamic revolution in Iran, and the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. Contributors treat Egypt, Israel, Jordan, the Palestinians, Syria, Lebanon, Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and the Arabian Peninsula, with additional chapters on U.S. and Russian policy, exploring the impact of outside powers on the region. An epilogue discusses the impact of the terrorist attacks of September 11on the region and the efforts of the United States and the European Union to build an antiterrorist coalition in the Arab world while at the same time seeking to devise a solution for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Combining contributions of scholars from many different countries and a rich mixture of viewpoints, this book is the first to provide both a comprehensive view of the Middle East at the turn of the century and an outline of the directions that its component states and peoples are likely to pursue in the years ahead.Contents IntroductionPart I. The Persian Gulf and Turkey1. The Legacy of Iraq's Past and the Promise of its Future, by Judith Yaphe2. Iran: Slouching Toward the 21st Century, by Shaul Bakhash3. The Arabian Peninsula Monarchies from Camp David I to Camp David II, by F. Gregory Gause III4. From Swamp to Backyard: The Middle East in Turkish Foreign Policy, by Malik MuftiPart II. The Arab-Israeli Core Area5. Israel Enters the 21st Century: Hegemonic Crisis in the Holy Land, by Ilan Peleg6. The Palestinian National Movement: From Catastrophe to Disaster, by Barry Rubin7. Jordan: Walking a Tightrope, by Yehudah Lukacs8. Flanks, Balances, and Withdrawals: The Parameters of Syrian Policy in the Middle East since the 1979 Egyptian-Israeli Peace Treaty, by David W. Lesch9. Lebanon Since 1979: Syria, Hezbollah, and the War Against Peace in the Middle East, by Marius DeebPart III. Egypt and North Africa10. Egypt: Moribund Between Past and Future, by Louis Cantori11. Militant Islam and the State in North Africa, by Mary-Jane DeebIV. The Outside Powers12. U.S. Policy Toward Israel, by Don Peretz13. Russian Policy in the Middle East under Yeltsin and Putin, by Robert O. FreedmanEpilogue. The Bush Administration, the European Union, and the Arab-Israeli Conflict: The Impact of September 11Robert O. Freedman is Peggy Meyerhoff Pearlstone Professor of Political Science at Baltimore Hebrew University.

"Deals authoritatively with some of the most critical issues facing Israel in the last half-century. The authors write with objectivity, presenting original insights in a diverse range of subjects."--Don Peretz, emeritus professor of political science, State University of New York at BinghamtonThis comprehensive review of the first 50 years of Israel's existence surveys the major events of its history as well as the underlying trends in Israeli politics, economics, and foreign policy that will direct the country's evolution into the new century. Combining a rich variety of viewpoints among Israeli, Arab, and American scholars, representatives of the political left and right, and, among the Jewish scholars, representatives of both secular and religious perspectives, this is the single-volume source for anyone seeking to understand Israel as it enters the 21st century.Contents1. Moscow and Israel: The Ups and Downs of a Fifty-Year Relationship, by Robert O. Freedman2. U.S.-Israel Relations since 1948, by Robert J. Lieber3. Israel and the American Jewish Community: Changing Realities Test Traditional Ties, by George E. Gruen4. Israel and the Arab States: The Long Road to Normalization, by Malik Mufti5. Israeli Thinking about the Palestinians: A Historical Survey, by Mark Tessler6. Labor during Fifty Years of Israeli Politics, by Myron J. Aronoff7. The Right in Israeli Politics: The Nationalist Ethos in the Jewish Democracy, by Ilan Peleg8. Religio-Politics and Social Unity in Israel: Israel's Religious Parties, by Chaim J. Waxman9. The Arab Parties, by Elie Rekhess10. From Agricultural Pioneers to the "Silicon Valley" of the Middle East: The Changing Political Economy of Israel, by Ofira Seliktar11. The Press and Civil Society in Israel, by Michael Keren12. Epilogue: The Israeli Elections of 1999, by Mark RosenblumRobert O. Freedman is president and Peggy Meyerhoff Pearlstone professor of political science at Baltimore Hebrew University. Among his previous books are "The Intifada: Its Impact on Israel, the Arab World, and the Superpowers" (UPF, 1991), "The Middle East and the Peace Process: The Impact of the Oslo Accords" (UPF, 1998), "Israel Under Rabin, and Israel in the Begin Era."

This book provides the reader with a balanced understanding of both the dynamism and the complexity of Israeli politics. It is devoted to Israel's domestic politics which includes right-wing and left-wing parties, Israel's main interest-group parties, Israeli security and foreign policy issues.

In this important student text, first published in 1991, Professor Freedman provides an exhaustive account of Soviet policy in the Middle East from the invasion of Afghanistan in December 1979 to withdrawal from the country ten years later. Following an introductory chapter which views the period from World War II to the invasion, Robert Freedman examines policy motives and outcomes in a broadly chronological approach. Specific and detailed attention is paid to Soviet policy towards the Iran–Iraq war, the Arab-Israeli conflict and intra-Arab policies. Throughout, Professor Freedman compares the policies of Gorbachev with those of his predecessors - Brezhnev, Chernenko and Andropov. He concludes that continuity, not change, has characterised recent Soviet policy towards the Middle East. Moscow and the Middle East will provide students of Soviet foreign policy, the Middle East and international relations with an invaluable textbook. It will also prove an essential reference source for government officials and policy analysts.