Robert Wille

This book provides an easy-to-read introduction to quantum computing, as well the classical simulation of quantum circuits with common types of error effects. The authors showcase the enormous potential that can be unleashed when doing these simulations using decision diagrams–a data-structure common in the design automation community, often used in quantum computing design tasks. The algorithms and methods described can outperform previously proposed solutions in some cases, providing a complementary solution to established approaches. Finally, the necessity of noise-aware classical quantum circuit simulation is demonstrated through a practical use-case: the evaluation of quantum error correcting codes.

This book provides an easy-to-read introduction into quantum computing as well as classical simulation of quantum circuits. The authors showcase the enormous potential that can be unleashed when doing these simulations using decision diagrams—a data structure common in the design automation community but hardly used in quantum computing yet. In fact, the covered algorithms and methods are able to outperform previously proposed solutions on certain use cases and, hence, provide a complementary solution to established approaches. The award-winning methods are implemented and available as open-source under free licenses and can be easily integrated into existing frameworks such as IBM’s Qiskit or Atos’ QLM.

Dieses Buch bietet dem Leser einen einfachen Einstieg in das Quantencomputing sowie in den Entwurf entsprechender Geräte. Die Autoren behandeln verschiedene Entwurfsaufgaben, die für das Quantencomputing wichtig sind, und stellen entsprechende Lösungen vor. Eine Besonderheit des Buches ist, dass diese Aufgaben und Lösungen explizit aus der Perspektive der Entwurfsautomatisierung diskutiert werden, d.h. unter Verwendung von cleveren Algorithmen und Datenstrukturen, die von der Entwurfsautomatisierungs-Community für konventionelle Logik (d.h. für elektronische Geräte und Systeme) entwickelt worden sind und nun für diese neue Technologie angewendet werden. Auf diese Weise können relevante Entwurfsaufgaben wesentlich effizienter als bisher durchgeführt werden, was zu Verbesserungen um mehrere Größenordnungen führt (in Bezug auf die Laufzeit und andere Entwurfsziele). Beschreibt den aktuellen Stand der Technik für den Entwurf von Quantenschaltungen, für deren Simulation und für deren Abbildung auf reale Hardware; Bietet eine erste umfassende Einführung in die Entwurfsautomatisierung für Quantencomputer, die sich mit praxisrelevanten Aufgabenstellungen befasst; Es richtet sich sowohl an die Quantencomputer-Gemeinschaft als auch an die Gemeinschaft der Entwurfsautomatisierung und zeigt, welche beeindruckenden Verbesserungen möglich sind, wenn man das Wissen beider Gemeinschaften kombiniert.

This book provides an easy-to-read introduction into quantum computing as well as classical simulation of quantum circuits. The authors showcase the enormous potential that can be unleashed when doing these simulations using decision diagrams—a data structure common in the design automation community but hardly used in quantum computing yet. In fact, the covered algorithms and methods are able to outperform previously proposed solutions on certain use cases and, hence, provide a complementary solution to established approaches. The award-winning methods are implemented and available as open-source under free licenses and can be easily integrated into existing frameworks such as IBM’s Qiskit or Atos’ QLM.

This book discusses the main tasks of Design Automation for Field-coupled Nanocomputing (FCN) technologies, in order to enable large-scale composition of elementary building blocks, that obtain correct systems from given function specifications. To this end, a holistic design flow is described, which covers exact and scalable placement & routing, one-pass logic synthesis, novel clocking mechanisms for data synchronization, and formal verification for obtained circuit layouts. Additionally, theoretical groundwork is presented that lays the foundation for any algorithmic consideration in the future. Furthermore, an open-source FCN design framework called fiction, which contains implementations of all proposed techniques, is presented and made publicly available. The approaches discussed in this book address obstacles that have existed since the conceptualization of the FCN paradigm and could not be resolved since then. As a result, this book substantially advances the state of the artin design automation for FCN technologies.

This book describes the current state of the art for simulating paint shop applications, their advantages and limitations, as well as corresponding high-performance computing (HPC) methods utilized in this domain. The authors provide a comprehensive introduction to fluid simulations, corresponding optimization methods from the HPC domain, as well as industrial paint shop applications. They showcase how the complexity of these applications bring corresponding fluid simulation methods to their limits and how these shortcomings can be overcome by employing HPC methods. To that end, this book covers various optimization techniques for three individual fluid simulation techniques, namely grid-based methods, volumetric decomposition methods, and particle-based methods.

This book discusses the main tasks of Design Automation for Field-coupled Nanocomputing (FCN) technologies, in order to enable large-scale composition of elementary building blocks, that obtain correct systems from given function specifications. To this end, a holistic design flow is described, which covers exact and scalable placement & routing, one-pass logic synthesis, novel clocking mechanisms for data synchronization, and formal verification for obtained circuit layouts. Additionally, theoretical groundwork is presented that lays the foundation for any algorithmic consideration in the future. Furthermore, an open-source FCN design framework called fiction, which contains implementations of all proposed techniques, is presented and made publicly available. The approaches discussed in this book address obstacles that have existed since the conceptualization of the FCN paradigm and could not be resolved since then. As a result, this book substantially advances the state of the artin design automation for FCN technologies.

This book describes the current state of the art for simulating paint shop applications, their advantages and limitations, as well as corresponding high-performance computing (HPC) methods utilized in this domain. The authors provide a comprehensive introduction to fluid simulations, corresponding optimization methods from the HPC domain, as well as industrial paint shop applications. They showcase how the complexity of these applications bring corresponding fluid simulation methods to their limits and how these shortcomings can be overcome by employing HPC methods. To that end, this book covers various optimization techniques for three individual fluid simulation techniques, namely grid-based methods, volumetric decomposition methods, and particle-based methods.

This book offers readers an easy introduction into quantum computing as well as into the design for corresponding devices. The authors cover several design tasks which are important for quantum computing and introduce corresponding solutions. A special feature of the book is that those tasks and solutions are explicitly discussed from a design automation perspective, i.e., utilizing clever algorithms and data structures which have been developed by the design automation community for conventional logic (i.e., for electronic devices and systems) and are now applied for this new technology. By this, relevant design tasks can be conducted in a much more efficient fashion than before – leading to improvements of several orders of magnitude (with respect to runtime and other design objectives).Describes the current state of the art for designing quantum circuits, for simulating them, and for mapping them to real hardware;Provides a first comprehensive introduction into design automation for quantum computing that tackles practically relevant tasks;Targets the quantum computing community as well as the design automation community, showing both perspectives to quantum computing, and what impressive improvements are possible when combining the knowledge of both communities.

This book describes automatic methods for the design of droplet microfluidic networks. The authors discuss simulation and design methods which support the design process of droplet microfluidics in general, as well as design methods for a dedicated droplet routing mechanism, namely passive droplet routing. The methods discussed allow for simulating a microfluidic design on a high-abstraction level, which facilitates early validation of whether a design works as intended, automatically dimensioning a microfluidic design, so that constraints like flow conditions are satisfied, and automatically generating meander designs for the respective needs and fabrication settings. Dedicated methods for passive droplet routing are discussed and allow for designing application-specific architectures for a given set of experiments, as well as generating droplet sequences realizing the respective experiments. Together, these methods provide a comprehensive “toolbox" for designers working on droplet microfluidic networks in general and an integrated design flow for the passive droplet routing mechanism in particular.Provides both a comprehensive “toolbox" for designers working on droplet microfluidic networks in general and an integrated design flow for the passive droplet routing mechanism in particular;Describes for the first time CAD methods for droplet microfluidic networks, along with the first integrated design process;Includes open source implementations, in order to reach the largest possible user group within the domain of microfluidics.

This book offers readers an easy introduction into quantum computing as well as into the design for corresponding devices. The authors cover several design tasks which are important for quantum computing and introduce corresponding solutions. A special feature of the book is that those tasks and solutions are explicitly discussed from a design automation perspective, i.e., utilizing clever algorithms and data structures which have been developed by the design automation community for conventional logic (i.e., for electronic devices and systems) and are now applied for this new technology. By this, relevant design tasks can be conducted in a much more efficient fashion than before – leading to improvements of several orders of magnitude (with respect to runtime and other design objectives).Describes the current state of the art for designing quantum circuits, for simulating them, and for mapping them to real hardware;Provides a first comprehensive introduction into design automation for quantum computing that tackles practically relevant tasks;Targets the quantum computing community as well as the design automation community, showing both perspectives to quantum computing, and what impressive improvements are possible when combining the knowledge of both communities.

This book describes automatic methods for the design of droplet microfluidic networks. The authors discuss simulation and design methods which support the design process of droplet microfluidics in general, as well as design methods for a dedicated droplet routing mechanism, namely passive droplet routing. The methods discussed allow for simulating a microfluidic design on a high-abstraction level, which facilitates early validation of whether a design works as intended, automatically dimensioning a microfluidic design, so that constraints like flow conditions are satisfied, and automatically generating meander designs for the respective needs and fabrication settings. Dedicated methods for passive droplet routing are discussed and allow for designing application-specific architectures for a given set of experiments, as well as generating droplet sequences realizing the respective experiments. Together, these methods provide a comprehensive “toolbox" for designers working on droplet microfluidic networks in general and an integrated design flow for the passive droplet routing mechanism in particular.Provides both a comprehensive “toolbox" for designers working on droplet microfluidic networks in general and an integrated design flow for the passive droplet routing mechanism in particular;Describes for the first time CAD methods for droplet microfluidic networks, along with the first integrated design process;Includes open source implementations, in order to reach the largest possible user group within the domain of microfluidics.

This book provides a comprehensive discussion of UML/OCL methods and design flow, for automatic validation and verification of hardware and software systems. While the presented flow focuses on using satisfiability solvers, the authors also describe how these methods can be used for any other automatic reasoning engine. Additionally, the design flow described is applied to a broad variety of validation and verification tasks. The authors also cover briefly how non-functional properties such as timing constraints can be handled with the described flow.

This book presents exact, that is minimal, solutions to individual steps in the design process for Digital Microfluidic Biochips (DMFBs), as well as a one-pass approach that combines all these steps in a single process. All of the approaches discussed are based on a formal model that can easily be extended to cope with further design problems. In addition to the exact methods, heuristic approaches are provided and the complexity classes of various design problems are determined.Presents exact methods to tackle a variety of design problems for Digital Microfluidic Biochips (DMFBs);Describes an holistic, one-pass approach solving different design steps all at once;Based on a formal model of DMFBs that is easily adaptable to deal with further design tasks.

This book presents exact, that is minimal, solutions to individual steps in the design process for Digital Microfluidic Biochips (DMFBs), as well as a one-pass approach that combines all these steps in a single process. All of the approaches discussed are based on a formal model that can easily be extended to cope with further design problems. In addition to the exact methods, heuristic approaches are provided and the complexity classes of various design problems are determined.Presents exact methods to tackle a variety of design problems for Digital Microfluidic Biochips (DMFBs);Describes an holistic, one-pass approach solving different design steps all at once;Based on a formal model of DMFBs that is easily adaptable to deal with further design tasks.

This book provides a comprehensive discussion of UML/OCL methods and design flow, for automatic validation and verification of hardware and software systems. While the presented flow focuses on using satisfiability solvers, the authors also describe how these methods can be used for any other automatic reasoning engine. Additionally, the design flow described is applied to a broad variety of validation and verification tasks. The authors also cover briefly how non-functional properties such as timing constraints can be handled with the described flow.

This book discusses modern approaches and challenges of computer-aided design (CAD) of quantum circuits with a view to providing compact representations of quantum functionality. Focusing on the issue of quantum functionality, it presents Quantum Multiple-Valued Decision Diagrams (QMDDs – a means of compactly and efficiently representing and manipulating quantum logic. For future quantum computers, going well beyond the size of present-day prototypes, the manual design of quantum circuits that realize a given (quantum) functionality on these devices is no longer an option. In order to keep up with the technological advances, methods need to be provided which, similar to the design and synthesis of conventional circuits, automatically generate a circuit description of the desired functionality. To this end, an efficient representation of the desired quantum functionality is of the essence. While straightforward representations are restricted due to their (exponentially) large matrixdescriptions and other decision diagram-like structures for quantum logic suffer from not comprehensively supporting typical characteristics, QMDDs employ a decomposition scheme that more naturally models quantum systems. As a result, QMDDs explicitly support quantum-mechanical effects like phase shifts and are able to take more advantage of corresponding redundancies, thereby allowing a very compact representation of relevant quantum functionality composed of dozens of qubits. This provides the basis for the development of sophisticated design methods as shown for quantum circuit synthesis and verification.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of automatic model refinement, which helps readers close the gap between initial textual specification and its desired implementation. The authors enable readers to follow two “directions” for refinement: Vertical refinement, for adding detail and precision to single description for a given model and Horizontal refinement, which considers several views on one level of abstraction, refining the system specification by dedicated descriptions for structure or behavior. The discussion includes several methods which support designers of electronic systems in this refinement process, including verification methods to check automatically whether a refinement has been conducted as intended.

The development of computing machines found great success in the last decades. But the ongoing miniaturization of integrated circuits will reach its limits in the near future. Shrinking transistor sizes and power dissipation are the major barriers in the development of smaller and more powerful circuits. Reversible logic p- vides an alternative that may overcome many of these problems in the future. For low-power design, reversible logic offers signi?cant advantages since zero power dissipation will only be possible if computation is reversible. Furthermore, quantum computation pro?ts from enhancements in this area, because every quantum circuit is inherently reversible and thus requires reversible descriptions. However, since reversible logic is subject to certain restrictions (e.g. fanout and feedback are not directly allowed), the design of reversible circuits signi?cantly differs from the design of traditional circuits. Nearly all steps in the design ?ow (like synthesis, veri?cation, or debugging) must be redeveloped so that they become applicable to reversible circuits as well. But research in reversible logic is still at the beginning. No continuous design ?ow exists so far. Inthisbook,contributionstoadesign?owforreversiblelogicarepresented.This includes advanced methods for synthesis, optimization, veri?cation, and debugging.